一、安装前准备
1.所需要软件包
linux-2.6.28.tar.gz
iptables-1.4.3.2.tar.bz2 [/url]
netfilter-layer7-v2.22.tar.gz
l7-protocols-2009-05-28.tar.gz
2.把以上内核和软件包解压到/usr/src下(这个是我个人的习惯）
tar -zxvf linux-2.6.28.tar.gz -C /usr/src
tar -zxvf netfilter-layer7-v2.22.tar.gz -C /usr/src
tar -zxvf l7-protocols-2009-05-28.tar.gz -C /usr/src
tar -jxvf iptables-1.4.3.2.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src
3.卸载系统自带的iptables
rpm -qa | grep iptables 列出已安装的iptables包
rpm -e --nodeps ~~
二、安装layer7
1.给新内核安装layer7补丁
cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.28/
patch -p1 < /usr/src/netfilter-layer7-v2.22/kernel-2.6.25-2.6.28-layer7-2.22.patch
2.编译新内核
2.1修改内核配置项
make oldconfig 全部保持默认
make menuconfig
General setup --->
Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers 必选
Networking --->
Networking options --->
Network packet filtering framework (Netfilter) --->
Core Netfilter Configuration ---> 该项下的所有项目建议都选上
Netfilter connection tracking support 这个项目必需选上，下面才会出现layer7的选项
"layer7" match support 必选
Layer 7 debugging output 必选
IP: Netfilter Configuration ---> 该项下的所有项目必需都选上
2.2编译并安装新内核
make
make modules_install
make install
2.3 设置新内核为默认启动的内核，如果是远程连接服务器，必须要修改这项，否则重启后默认加载旧的kernel
vim /boot/gurb/gurb.conf
default=1 把1改为0
timeout=15 设置等候时间
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (2.6.28）
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28 ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.28.img
title CentOS (2.6.18-164.el5)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-164.el5 ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.18-164.el5.img
保存退出
reboot
3.编译安装iptables并支持layer7
cp /usr/src/netfilter-layer7-v2.22/iptables-1.4.3forward-for-kernel-2.6.20forward/*.* extensions/
./configure --with-ksource=/usr/src/linux-2.6.28
make
make install
4.安装l7协议
cd /usr/src/iptables-1.4.3.2/l7-protocols-2009-05-28
make install
5.测试
iptables -V
回显：
iptables v1.4.3.2
iptables -m layer7 --help
回显：
Usage: iptables -[AD] chain rule-specification [options]
iptables -I chain [rulenum] rule-specification [options]
iptables -R chain rulenum rule-specification [options]
iptables -D chain rulenum [options]
iptables -[LS] [chain [rulenum]] [options]
iptables -[FZ] [chain] [options]
iptables -[NX] chain
iptables -E old-chain-name new-chain-name
iptables -P chain target [options]
iptables -h (print this help information)
Commands:
Either long or short options are allowed.
--append -A chain Append to chain
--delete -D chain Delete matching rule from chain
--delete -D chain rulenum
Delete rule rulenum (1 = first) from chain
--insert -I chain [rulenum]
Insert in chain as rulenum (default 1=first)
--replace -R chain rulenum
Replace rule rulenum (1 = first) in chain
--list -L [chain [rulenum]]
List the rules in a chain or all chains
--list-rules -S [chain [rulenum]]
Print the rules in a chain or all chains
--flush -F [chain] Delete all rules in chain or all chains
--zero -Z [chain] Zero counters in chain or all chains
--new -N chain Create a new user-defined chain
--delete-chain
-X [chain] Delete a user-defined chain
--policy -P chain target
Change policy on chain to target
--rename-chain
-E old-chain new-chain
Change chain name, (moving any references)
Options:
[!] --proto -p proto protocol: by number or name, eg. `tcp'
[!] --source -s address[/mask]
source specification
[!] --destination -d address[/mask]
destination specification
[!] --in-interface -i input name[+]
network interface name ([+] for wildcard)
--jump -j target
target for rule (may load target extension)
--goto -g chain
jump to chain with no return
--match -m match
extended match (may load extension)
--numeric -n numeric output of addresses and ports
[!] --out-interface -o output name[+]
network interface name ([+] for wildcard)
--table -t table table to manipulate (default: `filter')
--verbose -v verbose mode
--line-numbers print line numbers when listing
--exact -x expand numbers (display exact values)
[!] --fragment -f match second or further fragments only
--modprobe= try to insert modules using this command
--set-counters PKTS BYTES set the counter during insert/append
[!] --version -V print package version.
layer7 match options:
--l7dir : Look for patterns here instead of /etc/l7-protocols/
(--l7dir must be specified before --l7proto if used)
[!] --l7proto : Match named protocol using /etc/l7-protocols/.../name.pat
至此安装过程完全完成
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