pam_tally.so模块详细介绍

pam_tally - login counter (tallying) module

 

pam_tally.so [ file=/path/to/counter ] [ onerr=[fail|succeed] ] [ magic_root ] [ even_deny_root_account ] [ deny=n ] [ lock_time=n ] [ unlock_time=n ] [ per_user ] [ no_lock_time ] [ no_reset ] [ audit ] [ silent ] [ no_log_info ]

pam_tally [ --file /path/to/counter ] [ --user username ] [ --reset[=n] ] [ --quiet ]

1.DESCRIPTION

This module maintains a count of attempted accesses, can reset count on success, can deny access if too many attempts fail.

pam_tally comes in two parts: pam_tally.so and pam_tally. The former is the PAM module and the latter, a stand-alone program. pam_tally is an (optional) application which can be used to interrogate and manipulate the counter file. It can display users' counts, set individual counts, or clear all counts. Setting artificially high counts may be useful for blocking users without changing their passwords. For example, one might find it useful to clear all counts every midnight from a cron job. The faillog(8) command can be used instead of pam_tally to to maintain the counter file.

Normally, failed attempts to access root will not cause the root account to become blocked, to prevent denial-of-service: if your users aren't given shell accounts and root may only login via su or at the machine console (not telnet/rsh, etc), this is safe.

2.OPTIONS

GLOBAL OPTIONS

This can be used for auth and account module types.

onerr=[fail|succeed]

If something weird happens (like unable to open the file), return with PAM_SUCCESS if onerr=succeed is given, else with the corresponding PAM error code.

file=/path/to/counter

File where to keep counts. Default is /var/log/faillog.

audit

Will log the user name into the system log if the user is not found.

silent

Don't print informative messages.

no_log_info

Don't log informative messages via syslog(3).

AUTH OPTIONS

Authentication phase first checks if user should be denied access and if not it increments attempted login counter. Then on call to pam_setcred(3) it resets the attempts counter.

deny=n

Deny access if tally for this user exceeds n.

lock_time=n

Always deny for n seconds after failed attempt.

unlock_time=n

Allow access after n seconds after failed attempt. If this option is used the user will be locked out for the specified amount of time after he exceeded his maximum allowed attempts. Otherwise the account is locked until the lock is removed by a manual intervention of the system administrator.

magic_root   

If the module is invoked by a user with uid=0 the counter is not incremented. The sysadmin should use this for user launched services, like su, otherwise this argument should be omitted.

no_lock_time

Do not use the .fail_locktime field in /var/log/faillog for this user.

no_reset

Don't reset count on successful entry, only decrement.

even_deny_root_account

Root account can become unavailable.

per_user

If /var/log/faillog contains a non-zero .fail_max/.fail_locktime field for this user then use it instead of deny=n/ lock_time=n parameter.

no_lock_time

Don't use .fail_locktime filed in /var/log/faillog for this user.

ACCOUNT OPTIONS

Account phase resets attempts counter if the user is not magic root. This phase can be used optionally for services which don't call pam_setcred(3) correctly or if the reset should be done regardless of the failure of the account phase of other modules.

magic_root

If the module is invoked by a user with uid=0 the counter is not incremented. The sysadmin should use this for user launched services, like su, otherwise this argument should be omitted.

no_reset

Don't reset count on successful entry, only decrement.

3.MODULE TYPES PROVIDED

The auth and account module types are provided.

4.RETURN VALUES

PAM_AUTH_ERR

A invalid option was given, the module was not able to retrieve the user name, no valid counter file was found, or too many failed logins.

PAM_SUCCESS

Everything was successful.

PAM_USER_UNKNOWN

User not known.

5.EXAMPLES

Add the following line to /etc/pam.d/login to lock the account after too many failed logins. The number of allowed fails is specified by /var/log/faillog and needs to be set with pam_tally or faillog(8) before.

auth     required       pam_securetty.so

auth     required       pam_tally.so per_user

auth     required       pam_env.so

auth     required       pam_unix.so

auth     required       pam_nologin.so

account  required       pam_unix.so

password required       pam_unix.so

session  required       pam_limits.so

session  required       pam_unix.so

session  required       pam_lastlog.so nowtmp

session  optional       pam_mail.so standard