|
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include "memdev.h"
static mem_major = MEMDEV_MAJOR; //主设备号
module_param(mem_major, int, S_IRUGO);
struct mem_dev *mem_devp; /*设备结构体指针*/
struct cdev cdev; //cdev结构体用来描述字符设备
/*文件打开函数*/
int mem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
struct mem_dev *dev;
/*获取次设备号*/
int num = MINOR(inode->i_rdev);
if (num >= MEMDEV_NR_DEVS)
return -ENODEV;
dev = &mem_devp[num];
/*将设备描述结构指针赋值给文件私有数据指针。大多数驱动工程师都将文件的私有数据private_data指向设备结构体，read,write,llseek,等函数通过private_data访问设备结构体*/
filp->private_data = dev; //通过private_data在open,read,write等
函数中传递dev设备结构体的相关数据
return 0;
}
/*文件释放函数*/
int mem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
/*读函数*/
static ssize_t mem_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct mem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; /*获得设备结构体指针*/
/*判断读位置是否有效*/
if (p >= MEMDEV_SIZE)
return 0;
if (count > MEMDEV_SIZE - p)
count = MEMDEV_SIZE - p;
/*读数据到用户空间*/
if (copy_to_user(buf, (void*)(dev->data + p), count))
{
ret = - EFAULT;
}
else
{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "read %d bytes(s) from %d\n", count, p);
}
return ret;
}
/*写函数*/
static ssize_t mem_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct mem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; /*获得设备结构体指针*/
/*分析和获取有效的写长度*/
if (p >= MEMDEV_SIZE)
return 0;
if (count > MEMDEV_SIZE - p)
count = MEMDEV_SIZE - p;
/*从用户空间写入数据*/
if (copy_from_user(dev->data + p, buf, count))
ret = - EFAULT;
else
{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "written %d bytes(s) from %d\n", count, p);
}
return ret;
}
/* seek文件定位函数 */
static loff_t mem_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int whence)
{
loff_t newpos;
switch(whence) {
case 0: /* SEEK_SET */
newpos = offset;
break;
case 1: /* SEEK_CUR */
newpos = filp->f_pos + offset;
break;
case 2: /* SEEK_END */
newpos = MEMDEV_SIZE -1 + offset;
break;
default: /* can't happen */
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((newpos<0) || (newpos>MEMDEV_SIZE))
return -EINVAL; //EIMVAL表示传给系统调用的参数不正确，错误的返回值一般是负数，所以前面加个负号。
filp->f_pos = newpos;
return newpos;
}
/*文件操作结构体*/
static const struct file_operations mem_fops =
{
.owner = THIS_MODULE, //注意这里是逗号而不是分号，之前因为这个问
.llseek = mem_llseek, 题调试了很长时间
.read = mem_read,
.write = mem_write,
.open = mem_open,
.release = mem_release,
};
/*设备驱动模块加载函数*/
static int memdev_init(void)
{
int result;
int i;
dev_t devno = MKDEV(mem_major, 0); //获取设备号
/* 静态申请设备号*/
if (mem_major) //头文件已经人为指定主设备号
result = register_chrdev_region(devno, 2, "memdev");
// 设备号，设备个数，设备名
else /* 动态分配设备号 */
{ //devno动态分配的设备号 0表示起始次设备号
result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 2, "memdev");
mem_major = MAJOR(devno); //获取主设备号
}
if (result < 0)
return result;
/*初始化cdev结构*/
cdev_init(&cdev, &mem_fops);
cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
cdev.ops = &mem_fops; //这两句个人感觉不要也行，因为cdev_init函数已经初始化了cdev的成员，并建立cdev和file_operations之间的连接。cdev_init定义见备注。 也可以不要cdev_init(),但要用cdev_alloc()动态申请一个cdev内存，struct cdev *cdev=cdev_alloc()
/* 注册字符设备 */ //对应cdev_del 设备个数2
cdev_add(&cdev, MKDEV(mem_major, 0), MEMDEV_NR_DEVS);
/* 为设备描述结构分配内存*/
mem_devp = kmalloc(MEMDEV_NR_DEVS * sizeof(struct mem_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!mem_devp) /*申请失败*/
{
result = - ENOMEM; //核心内存不足
goto fail_malloc;
}
memset(mem_devp, 0, sizeof(struct mem_dev));
/*为设备分配内存*/
for (i=0; i < MEMDEV_NR_DEVS; i++)
{
mem_devp[i].size = MEMDEV_SIZE;
mem_devp[i].data = kmalloc(MEMDEV_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
memset(mem_devp[i].data, 0, MEMDEV_SIZE);
}
return 0;
fail_malloc:
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
return result;
}
/*模块卸载函数*/
static void memdev_exit(void)
{
cdev_del(&cdev); /*注销设备*/
kfree(mem_devp); /*释放设备结构体内存*/
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(mem_major, 0), 2); /*释放设备号*/
}
MODULE_AUTHOR("David Xie");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
module_init(memdev_init);
module_exit(memdev_exit);
|
