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2009-09-27 19:44:21
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设计人员为了安全考虑,PostgreSQL 不能以 root 用户运行,所以必须建立对应的用户和组。
# useradd postgre (自动建立 postgre 组)
安装的过程并不复杂和其他源码版本的安装方法类似:
解压到 /usr/local/src:
# tar xvfz postgresql-7.1.3.tar.gz
# cd postgresql-7.1.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql
# make
# make install
# chown -R postgre.postgre /usr/local/pgsql
这样安装完毕后,并不是万事大吉了,还有一些收尾工作要做:
# vi ~postgre/.bash_profile
添加:
PGLIB=/usr/local/pgsql/lib
PGDATA=$HOME/data
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/bin
MANPATH=$MANPATH:/usr/local/pgsql/man
export PGLIB PGDATA PATH MANPATH
以 postgres 用户登录,
# su - postgre
建立数据库目录:
$ mkdir data
启动数据库引擎:
$ initdb
[postgre@www postgre]$ initdb
This database system will be initialized with username "postgre".
This user will own all the data files and must also own the server process.
Fixing permissions on pre-existing data directory /home/postgre/data
Creating database system directory /home/postgre/data/base
Creating database XLOG directory /home/postgre/data/pg_xlog
Creating template database in /home/postgre/data/base/template1
Creating global relations in /home/postgre/data/base
Adding template1 database to pg_database
Creating view pg_user.
Creating view pg_rules.
Creating view pg_views.
Creating view pg_tables.
Creating view pg_indexes.
Loading pg_description.
Vacuuming database.
Success. You can now start the database server using:
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D /home/postgre/data
or
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /home/postgre/data start
$ postmaster -i -D ~/data &
[1] 22603
[postgre@www postgre]$ DEBUG: Data Base System is starting up at Thu Jan 31 02:00:44 2002
DEBUG: Data Base System was shut down at Thu Jan 31 01:57:58 2002
DEBUG: Data Base System is in production state at Thu Jan 31 02:00:44 2002
这样 PostgreSQL 使用位于 /usr/local/pgsql/data 的数据库,允许 Internet 用户的连接( -i ) ,并在后台运行。
建立数据库
$createdb mydb
PostgreSQL 会返回 “ CREATED DATABASE”的信息,表明数据库建立完成。
$psql mydb
进入交互 psql 工具,建立表:
CREATE TABLE mytable (
id varchar(20),
name varchar(30));
建立完成后,会得到一条 “CREATED” 的信息,表示建立成功。现在插入一条数据:
INSERT INTO mytable values('Author', 'Xu Yongjiu');
psql 返回 INSERT 18732 1,查询插入是否成功:
SELECT * FROM MYTABLE;
退出 psql ,用 \q 命令。