翻译的基本标准（一）准确

译者在翻译时要站在正确的立场上，表明正确的观点，不能犯原则性错误。比如，西方国家常把我国的台湾省和其他国家等同起来，翻译时应作技术性处理，把台湾单列出来，并加上"地区"二字，以示区别。动笔之前要深刻理解原文的中心思想和内容，找出难点，特别是无法对译的地方，然后再查字典和参考书、参考资料，记下相关的提示词汇和术语。准备妥当之后才着手翻译，按照中外语言文字的不同习惯，尽可能地把作者的思想、语气、风格、感情色彩再现出来，尽力做到所谓"信、达、雅"。英语和汉语一般都有对应的语汇，然而在处理具体问题时，常常不能完全对应。比如汉语习惯称亚洲"四小龙"，英语虽然可译成the Asian "four dragons"，但西方人大都叫the Asian "four tigers"或"four tigers" in Asia，因为在西方人的眼里，dragon是一种类似鳄鱼或蛇，长有翅膀会吐火的怪物，常常守看金银财宝。成语或谚语更是如此，非但无法对应，有时甚至连原文的踪迹都没有了，如 "Don't teach your grandmother to suck eggs"，如果按照字面直译成"不要教你的奶奶磕鸡蛋"，让人看了会莫名其妙。要是意译为"不要班门弄斧"，就既表达了原意，也符合汉语习惯。和汉语一样，英语的成语也很多，但其中大部分都很难对译成汉语成语，只好意译。这里再举几个例子：like talking to a brick wall（对牛弹琴，瞎子点灯白费蜡）--to waste one's breath trying to persuade someone who is so obstinate to listen to reason；如说： "He is so dogmatic; it's like talking to a brick wall arguing with him." To make bricks without straw（巧妇难做无米之炊）--to try to achieve some result with inadequate means；如说："We were unable to give you an opinion because you didn't give us the information we needed. We can't make bricks without straw." The rotten apple（害群之马，败家之子）--the one bad person among a number of good ones；如说： "His youngest son was the rotten apple." To pay back in the same coin, to pay sb. back in his own coin, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth，（以眼还眼，以牙还牙，以其人之道还治其人之身）--to retaliate by using the same method；如说："Jukes has attacked us in his advertisement overseas; we will pay him back in the same coin." To have a heart of gold（有一副菩萨心肠）--to be a kind, generous, forgiving person whose qualities are much appreciated; Walls have ears（隔墙有耳）--You must be very careful what you say because someone may be eavesdropping. 在遵循准确这一原则的同时，还要注意约定俗成的问题。有的银行业务术语沿用已久，就不必去硬行更正，比如"票根"，被用来指advice of drawing, drawing advice，即开票通知。然而"票根"的英语对应词是counterfoil，指任何票证开出或撕下后的存根，显然两者是有本质区别的。因此，在银行工作中碰到"票根"二字时，切不可翻译成"counterfoil"。 标签:|||||||了解北京语际翻译公司请访问