全部博文（389）
分类： Oracle
2014-08-08 11:24:45
搭建ORACLE 12C RAC到单实例的DATAGUARD
很多组织都部署了RAC,为了实现灾备，同时实现了DATAGUARD(简称DG),由于
另外使用一套RAC来做DG备库成本过高，于是使用普通的单实例成了很多公司的首选.
从11G开始DG实现了只读查询，可以节约一定的成本.
本文就是实现一个ORACLE RAC两节点到单实例的操作过程.RAC在之前已经部署完成
环境: ORACLE 12C RAC两个节点,使用ASM存储,OS RHEL 5.5
ORACLE 12C单节点 ,使用文件系统存储;OS RHEL 5.5（oracle软件已安装好),
IP:192.168.233.102
oracle RAC 12修改归档不需要更改cluster_database=false
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start database -db tt -o mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
在RAC的两个节点上增加到dg库的tns信息.修改$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
dgtt =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.102)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = tt)
)
)
在dg备库上增加到rac主库和备库的tns,且本机的实例使用静态listener注册
tnsnames.ora增加如下内容
TT =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.233.42)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = tt)
)
)
dgtt =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.102)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = tt)
)
)
listener增加如下内容
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = tt)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1/db_1)
(SID_NAME = tt)
)
)
在RAC上实现force logging,修改参数cluster_database=false
SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile;
System altered.
关闭rac数据库,只启动其中一个节点
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ srvctl stop database -db tt
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ srvctl start instance -db tt -node rac1
拷贝oracle rac的密码文件到dg备库上或是手动新建也可以(密码需要和rac上的sys密码相同).在dg备库上
[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwtt password=sys
在dg备库主机写参数文件,所有数据文件都存放在 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt目录中.在备库还需要准备好其他目录.
compatible=12.1.0.0.0
db_name='tt'
control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt/control01.ctl'
在dg备库上以nomount方式启动实例
[oracle@dg2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=tt
[oracle@dg2 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 28 22:02:19 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/tmp.ora';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2286656 bytes
Variable Size 159386560 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5152768 bytes
在dg备库以rman的方式构建备库
[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman nocatalog
RMAN> connect target sys/"sys"@tt;
connected to target database: TT (DBID=2330091929)
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/"sys"@dgtt;
connected to auxiliary database: TT (not mounted)
RMAN> run
2> {
3> allocate channel c1 device type disk ;
4> allocate auxiliary channel ac2 device type disk;
5> duplicate target database for standby
6> from active database
7> spfile
8> parameter_value_convert 'tt','dgtt'
9> set control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt/control01.ctl'
10> set db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt'
11> set db_create_online_log_dest_1='/u01/app/oracle/oradata'
12> set log_file_name_convert='+DATA','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt'
13> set 'db_unique_name'='dgtt'
14> set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=dgtt'
15> set log_archive_dest_2='service=tt valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=tt'
16> set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(tt,dgtt)'
17> set fal_server='tt'
18> set fal_client='dgtt'
19> nofilenamecheck;
20> sql channel c1 "alter system set log_archive_dest_2=''service=dgtt valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=dgtt'' sid=''*''";
21> sql channel c1 "alter system set log_archive_config=''DG_CONFIG=(tt,dgtt)'' sid=''*''";
22> sql channel c1 "alter system set fal_server=''dgtt''";
23> sql channel c1 "alter system set fal_client=''tt''";
24> allocate auxiliary channel c3 device type disk;
25> sql channel c3 "alter database add standby logfile ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt/stredo01.log'' size 500M";
26> sql channel c3 "alter database add standby logfile ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt/stredo02.log'' size 500M";
27> sql channel c3 "alter database add standby logfile ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt/stredo03.log'' size 500M";
28> sql channel c3 "alter database add standby logfile ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt/stredo04.log'' size 500M";
29> sql channel c3 "alter database add standby logfile ''/u01/app/oracle/oradata/tt/stredo05.log'' size 500M";
30> release channel c1;
31> release channel c3;
32> }
......................
改回cluster_database=true,然后重启rac数据库
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;
System altered.
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ srvctl start database -db tt
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ srvctl start database -db tt
重启dg备库,
SQL> startup nomount force;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
Fixed Size 2291472 bytes
Variable Size 276826352 bytes
Database Buffers 339738624 bytes
Redo Buffers 7471104 bytes
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
检是rac的日志是否在dg备库上开始应用了.
SQL> select process,client_process,sequence#,thread# from v$managed_standby;
PROCESS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# THREAD#
--------- -------- ---------- ----------
ARCH ARCH 66 1
ARCH ARCH 64 1
ARCH ARCH 0 0
ARCH ARCH 28 2
RFS UNKNOWN 0 0
RFS ARCH 0 0
RFS LGWR 29 2
RFS UNKNOWN 0 0
RFS LGWR 68 1
RFS ARCH 0 0
RFS UNKNOWN 0 0
PROCESS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# THREAD#
--------- -------- ---------- ----------
RFS UNKNOWN 0 0
MRP0 N/A 29 2
数据库角色.
SQL> select database_role from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE
----------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY
