单元测试View不使用Web Server_软件测试_软件测试培训_软件测试频道_中国IT实验室

        你的web application可以的部分越多，你就对应用程序的修改不会带来新的bug越有信心。ASP.NET MVC让你很容易models 和controllers。在这篇帖子中，我将解释如何单元测试 views。

        创建一个自定义View Engine

        让我们从创建一个自定义的View Engine开始。Listing 1中包含了一个叫做SimpleViewEngine的非常简单的View Engine。

        Listing 1 – SimpleViewEngine.cs ()

namespace Tip25
{
    public class SimpleViewEngine : IViewEngine
    {
       private string _viewsFolder = null;
       public SimpleViewEngine()
       {
           if (HttpContext.Current != null)
           {
               var root = HttpContext.Current.Request.PhysicalApplicationPath;
               _viewsFolder = Path.Combine(root, "Views");
           }
       }
       public SimpleViewEngine(string viewsFolderPhysicalPath)
       {
           _viewsFolder = viewsFolderPhysicalPath;
       }
       public void RenderView(ViewContext viewContext)
       {
           if (_viewsFolder == null)
           throw new NullReferenceException("You must supply a viewsFolder path");
           string fullPath = Path.Combine(_viewsFolder, viewContext.ViewName) + ".htm";
           if (!File.Exists(fullPath))
               throw new HttpException(404, "Page Not Found");
           // Load file
           string rawContents = File.ReadAllText(fullPath);
           // Perform replacements
           string parsedContents = Parse(rawContents, viewContext.ViewData);
           // Write results to HttpContext
           viewContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(parsedContents);
       }
       public string Parse(string contents, ViewDataDictionary viewData)
       {
           return Regex.Replace(contents, @"\{(.+)\}", m => GetMatch(m, viewData));
       }
       protected virtual string GetMatch(Match m, ViewDataDictionary viewData)
       {
           if (m.Success)
           {
                string key = m.Result("$1");
                if (viewData.ContainsKey(key))
                return viewData[key].ToString();
           }
           return String.Empty;
       }
    }
}

        注意SimpleViewEngine 实现了IViewEngine 接口。该接口有一个RenderView()方法必须实现。

        在Listing 1中，RenderView()方法从硬盘中加载一个文件，并用ViewData中的项目来替换文件中的标签（tokens）。在Listing 2中，包含了一个使用SimpleViewEngine的 controller 。当你调用HomeController.Index() action时，它返回一个叫做Index的 view。

        Listing 2 – HomeController.cs ()

namespace Tip25.Controllers
{
    [HandleError]
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public HomeController()
        {
            this.ViewEngine = new SimpleViewEngine();
        }
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!";
            ViewData["Message2"] = "Using a custom View Engine";
            return View("Index");
        }
    }
}

Index view在Listing 3中。注意文件名是Index.htm。SimpleViewEngine 返回了一个.htm 文件。

        Listing 3 – Index.htm

   


    Here is the first message:
    {message}
   

    Here is the second message:
    {message2}

        Index view包含也以前后大括号为标记的标签。SimpleViewEngine.RenderView()方法用View Data中的项目来替换每个同名标签。当Index view被SimpleViewEngine呈现时，

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【责编:Luzi】

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