分类:
2008-10-13 16:41:11
不重起Windows直接更改IP地址
作者:浙江省温岭电信局 王骏
注:本文适用于WINDOWS NT/2000/XP/2003
源代码运行效果图如下:
设置IP地址只需要更改注册表中关于适配器的相应设置,但更改后需要重新启动系统才能生效,而AddIPAddress函数只能添加IP而不是更改当前的IP,我们在Windows
NT/2000界面上操作不需要重新启动就可以生效,那系统到底做了什么额外的工作才使IP设置直接生效呢?笔者通过跟踪explorer.exe中API的调用发现在netcfgx.dll中调用了dhcpcsvc.dll中一个未公开的API:DhcpNotifyConfigChange,现将不重新启动WINDOWS直接更改IP地址的详细方法介绍如下:
一、获取适配器名称
这里指的适配器名称要区别于适配器描述,比如我的一块网卡,适配器描述是:Realtek RTL8139(A) PCI Fast Ethernet
Adapter,适配器名称为:{66156DC3-44A4-434C-B8A9-0E5DB4B3EEAD}。获取适配器名称的方法有多种:
1.1 调用IP helper API取得适配器名称
ULONG ulAdapterInfoSize = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO); IP_ADAPTER_INFO *pAdapterInfoBkp, *pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)new char[ulAdapterInfoSize]; if( GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulAdapterInfoSize) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ) // 缓冲区不够大 { delete pAdapterInfo; pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)new char[ulAdapterInfoSize]; pAdapterInfoBkp = pAdapterInfo; } if( GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulAdapterInfoSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS ) { do{ // 遍历所有适配器 if(pAdapterInfo->Type == MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET) // 判断是否为以太网接口 { // pAdapterInfo->Description 是适配器描述 // pAdapterInfo->AdapterName 是适配器名称 } pAdapterInfo = pAdapterInfo->Next; }while(pAdapterInfo); } delete pAdapterInfoBkp;1.2 读取注册表取得适配器名称
HKEY hKey, hSubKey, hNdiIntKey; if(RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Class\\{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}", 0, KEY_READ, &hKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS) return FALSE; DWORD dwIndex = 0; DWORD dwBufSize = 256; DWORD dwDataType; char szSubKey[256]; unsigned char szData[256]; while(RegEnumKeyEx(hKey, dwIndex++, szSubKey, &dwBufSize, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) == ERROR_SUCCESS) { if(RegOpenKeyEx(hKey, szSubKey, 0, KEY_READ, &hSubKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS) { if(RegOpenKeyEx(hSubKey, "Ndi\\Interfaces", 0, KEY_READ, &hNdiIntKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS) { dwBufSize = 256; if(RegQueryValueEx(hNdiIntKey, "LowerRange", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS) { if(strcmp((char*)szData, "ethernet") == 0) // 判断是不是以太网卡 { dwBufSize = 256; if(RegQueryValueEx(hSubKey, "DriverDesc", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS) { // szData 中便是适配器详细描述 dwBufSize = 256; if(RegQueryValueEx(hSubKey, "NetCfgInstanceID", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS) { // szData 中便是适配器名称 } } } } RegCloseKey(hNdiIntKey); } RegCloseKey(hSubKey); } dwBufSize = 256; } /* end of while */ RegCloseKey(hKey);二、将IP信息写入注册表
BOOL RegSetIP(LPCTSTR lpszAdapterName, LPCTSTR pIPAddress, LPCTSTR pNetMask, LPCTSTR pNetGate) { HKEY hKey; string strKeyName = "SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\Tcpip\\Parameters\\Interfaces\\"; strKeyName += lpszAdapterName; if(RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, strKeyName.c_str(), 0, KEY_WRITE, &hKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS) return FALSE; char mszIPAddress[100]; char mszNetMask[100]; char mszNetGate[100]; strncpy(mszIPAddress, pIPAddress, 98); strncpy(mszNetMask, pNetMask, 98); strncpy(mszNetGate, pNetGate, 98); int nIP, nMask, nGate; nIP = strlen(mszIPAddress); nMask = strlen(mszNetMask); nGate = strlen(mszNetGate); *(mszIPAddress + nIP + 1) = 0x00; // REG_MULTI_SZ数据需要在后面再加个0 nIP += 2; *(mszNetMask + nMask + 1) = 0x00; nMask += 2; *(mszNetGate + nGate + 1) = 0x00; nGate += 2; RegSetValueEx(hKey, "IPAddress", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszIPAddress, nIP); RegSetValueEx(hKey, "SubnetMask", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszNetMask, nMask); RegSetValueEx(hKey, "DefaultGateway", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszNetGate, nGate); RegCloseKey(hKey); return TRUE; }
BOOL DhcpNotifyConfigChange( LPWSTR lpwszServerName, // 本地机器为NULL LPWSTR lpwszAdapterName, // 适配器名称 BOOL bNewIpAddress, // TRUE表示更改IP DWORD dwIpIndex, // 指明第几个IP地址,如果只有该接口只有一个IP地址则为0 DWORD dwIpAddress, // IP地址 DWORD dwSubNetMask, // 子网掩码 int nDhcpAction ); // 对DHCP的操作 0:不修改, 1:启用 DHCP,2:禁用 DHCP具体调用代码如下:
BOOL NotifyIPChange(LPCTSTR lpszAdapterName, int nIndex, LPCTSTR pIPAddress, LPCTSTR pNetMask) { BOOL bResult = FALSE; HINSTANCE hDhcpDll; DHCPNOTIFYPROC pDhcpNotifyProc; WCHAR wcAdapterName[256]; MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpszAdapterName, -1, wcAdapterName,256); if((hDhcpDll = LoadLibrary("dhcpcsvc")) == NULL) return FALSE; if((pDhcpNotifyProc = (DHCPNOTIFYPROC)GetProcAddress(hDhcpDll, "DhcpNotifyConfigChange")) != NULL) if((pDhcpNotifyProc)(NULL, wcAdapterName, TRUE, nIndex, inet_addr(pIPAddress), inet_addr(pNetMask), 0) == ERROR_SUCCESS) bResult = TRUE; FreeLibrary(hDhcpDll); return bResult; }