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分类: LINUX

2010-08-01 16:56:50


接触list.h(在内核文件中的位置/include/linux/list.h)也有一段时间了,虽然应用过里面的一些简单内容,老是用后就经常不看,有点心里发虚,觉得没有完全掌握,今天将我原来想利用list.h实现简单进制转换的想法实施了一下,收获很大,就list.h中的一些简单的应用添了一点自己理解的注释,如有不对,请各位网友随时给我留言,帮我改正,先谢谢了。
下面是我拷的一份list.h(简单做了一点注释)如下:

#ifndef _LINUX_LIST_H
#define _LINUX_LIST_H

#define LIST_POISON1 ((void *) 0x00100100)
#define LIST_POISON2 ((void *) 0x00200200)

#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t) &((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)
#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({\
           const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);\
           (type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})

struct list_head {
        struct list_head *next, *prev;
};

#define LIST_HEAD_INIT(name) { &(name), &(name) }

#define LIST_HEAD(name) \
        struct list_head name = LIST_HEAD_INIT(name)

static inline void INIT_LIST_HEAD(struct list_head *list)
{
        list->next = list;
        list->prev = list;
}


static inline void __list_add(struct list_head *new,
                              struct list_head *prev,
                              struct list_head *next)
{
        next->prev = new;
        new->next = next;
        new->prev = prev;
        prev->next = new;
}

//向head后面插入一个新的节点,每次添加都在head后的第一个节点

static inline void list_add(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)//

{
        __list_add(new, head, head->next);
}
//head为头节点的最后一个节点后插入新节点

static inline void list_add_tail(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{
        __list_add(new, head->prev, head);
}
//删除next和prev之间的一个节点

static inline void __list_del(struct list_head * prev, struct list_head * next)
{
        next->prev = prev;
        prev->next = next;
}

static inline void list_del(struct list_head *entry)
{
        __list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);
        entry->next = LIST_POISON1;
        entry->prev = LIST_POISON2;
}
//new指向的节点代替old指向的节点

static inline void list_replace(struct list_head *old,
                                struct list_head *new)
{
        new->next = old->next;
        new->next->prev = new;
        new->prev = old->prev;
        new->prev->next = new;
}

//new指向的节点代替old指向的节点,并且初始化old指向的节点

static inline void list_replace_init(struct list_head *old,
                                        struct list_head *new)
{
        list_replace(old, new);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(old);
}

//删除entry指向的节点并且初始化entry指向的节点

static inline void list_del_init(struct list_head *entry)
{
        __list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(entry);
}
//将list指向的节点从链表中删除后添加到head指向节点后的第一个节点

static inline void list_move(struct list_head *list, struct list_head *head)
{
        __list_del(list->prev, list->next);
        list_add(list, head);
}

//将list指向的节点从链表中删除后添加到head指向节点为首节点后的尾部最后一个节点后

static inline void list_move_tail(struct list_head *list,
                                  struct list_head *head)
{
        __list_del(list->prev, list->next);
        list_add_tail(list, head);
}
//将list指向节点和head指向节点连起来

static inline int list_is_last(const struct list_head *list,
                                const struct list_head *head)
{
        return list->next == head;
}
//判断以head为链表首节点的链表是否为空

static inline int list_empty(const struct list_head *head)
{
        return head->next == head;
}

//判断以head为链表首节点的链表是否为空,很谨慎的判断

static inline int list_empty_careful(const struct list_head *head)
{
        struct list_head *next = head->next;
        return (next == head) && (next == head->prev);
}
//将list所指节点和head所指节点从原链表中分割出来,原链表依然连续

static inline void __list_splice(struct list_head *list,
                                 struct list_head *head)
{
        struct list_head *first = list->next;
        struct list_head *last = list->prev;
        struct list_head *at = head->next;

        first->prev = head;
        head->next = first;

        last->next = at;
        at->prev = last;
}
//如果list不为空节点,则将list和head之间链表分割出来

static inline void list_splice(struct list_head *list, struct list_head *head)
{
        if (!list_empty(list))
                __list_splice(list, head);
}

//如果list不为空节点,则将list和head之间链表分割出来,并且初始化list所指节点

static inline void list_splice_init(struct list_head *list,
                                    struct list_head *head)
{
        if (!list_empty(list)) {
                __list_splice(list, head);
                INIT_LIST_HEAD(list);
        }
}

#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
        container_of(ptr, type, member)

#define list_for_each(pos, head) \
        for (pos = (head)->next;pos != (head); \
                pos = pos->next)

#define __list_for_each(pos, head) \
        for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); pos = pos->next)

#define list_for_each_prev(pos, head) \
        for (pos = (head)->prev; pos != (head); \
                pos = pos->prev)

#define list_for_each_safe(pos, n, head) \
        for (pos = (head)->next, n = pos->next; pos != (head); \
                pos = n, n = pos->next)

#define list_for_each_entry(pos, head, member) \
        for (pos = list_entry((head)->next, typeof(*pos), member); \
             &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member))

#define list_for_each_entry_reverse(pos, head, member) \
        for (pos = list_entry((head)->prev, typeof(*pos), member); \
             &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = list_entry(pos->member.prev, typeof(*pos), member))

#define list_prepare_entry(pos, head, member) \
        ((pos) ? : list_entry(head, typeof(*pos), member))


#define list_for_each_entry_continue(pos, head, member) \
        for (pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member); \
             prefetch(pos->member.next), &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member))

#define list_for_each_entry_from(pos, head, member) \
        for (; prefetch(pos->member.next), &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member))


#define list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, n, head, member) \
        for (pos = list_entry((head)->next, typeof(*pos), member), \
                n = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member); \
             &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = n, n = list_entry(n->member.next, typeof(*n), member))


#define list_for_each_entry_safe_continue(pos, n, head, member) \
        for (pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member), \
                n = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member); \
             &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = n, n = list_entry(n->member.next, typeof(*n), member))

#define list_for_each_entry_safe_from(pos, n, head, member) \
        for (n = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member); \
             &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = n, n = list_entry(n->member.next, typeof(*n), member))

#define list_for_each_entry_safe_reverse(pos, n, head, member) \
        for (pos = list_entry((head)->prev, typeof(*pos), member), \
                n = list_entry(pos->member.prev, typeof(*pos), member); \
             &pos->member != (head); \
             pos = n, n = list_entry(n->member.prev, typeof(*n), member))

#endif


下面使我利用list.h中函数和宏做得一个简单的十进制二进制转换程序:

/**********************************************************************
 *File name:decimal_binary_covert.c
 *Author:CaoJiangfeng
 *Description:The file generally include decimal to binary coversion
 *         and binary to decimal conversion    
 *Version:1.0
 **********************************************************************/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "list.h"
struct Data
{
    char data;
    struct list_head list;
};

typedef struct Data mydata;

void decimal_to_binary();
void binary_to_decimal();
void free_memory(struct list_head *pos,struct list_head *p,struct Data mylist,struct Data *tmp);

int main(int argc ,char *argv[])
{    
    int select = 0;
    printf("**************************************************************\n");
    printf("** 1.Decimal to binary **\n");
    printf("** 2.Binary to decimal **\n");
    printf("** 0.Exit **\n");
    printf("**************************************************************\n");
    printf("Please select which you want to convert:");
    scanf("%d",&select);
    getchar();
    switch (select){
        case 0:printf("Welcome to use next time!\n");break;
        case 1:decimal_to_binary();          break ;
        case 2:binary_to_decimal();              break;
        default:printf("Your select is not right!"); break;
    }

    return 0;
}
/***********************************************************************
 *Function name:dec_to_binary
 *Function Description: The function is used to covert a number from
 *                decimal to binary
 *Parameter:@num ,the decimal which will be coverted
 *Result:Display the num 's binary result
 ***********************************************************************/

void decimal_to_binary()
{
    long number,temp;
    mydata mylist,*tmp;
    struct list_head *pos,*p;
    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mylist.list);/*初始化链表头*/
    
    printf("please input a number you want to convert:");
    scanf("%ld",&number);
    printf("Decemal number %ld's binary is:",number);
    
    if (number == 0) { //如果number为0,则打印退出

        printf("%ld",number);
        printf("\n");
        return;
    }
    while (number != 0) {
        tmp = (mydata *)malloc(sizeof(mydata));
        temp = number % 2;
        tmp -> data = temp;
        list_add(&(tmp->list),&(mylist.list));
        number = number / 2;
    }
    list_for_each(pos,&mylist.list) {
        tmp = list_entry(pos,struct Data,list);
        printf("%ld",(long)tmp->data);
    }
    printf("\n");
    
    //释放内存

    list_for_each_safe(pos,p,&mylist.list){
        tmp = list_entry(pos,struct Data,list);
        list_del(pos);
        free(tmp);
    }
    if (list_empty(&mylist.list)){
        printf("The list now is empty!\n");
    }
}

/***********************************************************************
 *Function name:dec_to_binary
 *Function Description: The function is used to covert a number from
 *                binary to decimal
 *Parameter:void
 *Result:Display the num 's decimal result
 ***********************************************************************/

void binary_to_decimal()
{
    mydata mylist,*tmp;
    struct list_head *pos,*p;
    char ch = '0';
    long dec = 1; //进制转换过程中的控制变量

    long dec_number = 0;//最终的十进制数

    INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mylist.list);/*初始化链表头*/
    printf("Please input the binary number you want to convert:");
    ch = getchar();
    while ((ch == '0')||(ch == '1')){
        tmp = (struct Data *)malloc(sizeof(struct Data));
        tmp -> data = ch;
        list_add(&(tmp->list),&(mylist.list));
        ch = getchar();
    }
    list_for_each(pos,&mylist.list){
        tmp = list_entry(pos,struct Data,list);
        dec_number += (int)(tmp ->data - '0') * dec;
        dec *= 2;
    }
    printf("\n");
    printf("Decimal number is %ld\n",dec_number);
    //释放内存

    list_for_each_safe(pos,p,&mylist.list){
        tmp = list_entry(pos,struct Data,list);
        list_del(pos);
        free(tmp);
    }
    if (list_empty(&mylist.list)){
        printf("The list now is empty!\n");
    }
}


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