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分类: C/C++

2008-08-01 16:54:52

下载本文示例代码
MFC 提供CArchive类实现数据的缓冲区读写,同时定义了类对象的存储与读取方案。 以下对CArchvie 的内部实现作分析。

1.概述
2.内部数据
3.基本数据读写
4.缓冲区的更新
5.指定长度数据段落的读写
6.字符串的读写
7.CObject派生对象的读写

一.概述

CArchive使用了缓冲区,即一段内存空间作为临时数据存储地,对CArchive的读写都先依次排列到此缓冲区,当缓冲区满或用户要求时,将此段整理后的数据读写到指定的存储煤质。
当建立CArchive对象时,应指定其模式是用于缓冲区读,还是用于缓冲区写。
可以这样理解,CArchive对象相当于铁路的货运练调度站,零散的货物被收集,当总量到达火车运量的时候,由火车装运走。
当接到火车的货物时,则货物由被分散到各自的货主。与货运不同的是,交货、取货是按时间循序执行的,而不是凭票据。因此必须保证送货的和取货的货主按同样的循序去存或取。
对于大型的货物,则是拆散成火车单位,运走,取货时,依次取各部分,组装成原物。

二.内部数据
缓冲区指针 BYTE* m_lpBufStart,指向缓冲区,这个缓冲区有可能是底层CFile(如派生类CMemFile)对象提供的,但一般是CArchive自己建立的。
缓冲区尾部指针 BYTE* m_lpBufMax;
缓冲区当前位置指针 BYTE* m_lpBufCur;
初始化时,如果是读模式,当前位置在尾部,如果是写模式,当前位置在头部:

m_lpBufCur = (IsLoading()) ? m_lpBufMax : m_lpBufStart;
三.基本数据读写

对于基本的数据类型,例如字节、双字等,可以直接使用">>"、"<<"符号进行读出、写入。

//操作符定义捕:

	

//插入操作

CArchive& operator<<(BYTE by);

CArchive& operator<<(WORD w);

CArchive& operator<<(LONG l);

CArchive& operator<<(DWORD dw);

CArchive& operator<<(float f);

CArchive& operator<<(double d);

CArchive& operator<<(int i);

CArchive& operator<<(short w);

CArchive& operator<<(char ch);

CArchive& operator<<(unsigned u);



//提取操作

CArchive& operator>>(BYTE& by);

CArchive& operator>>(WORD& w);

CArchive& operator>>(DWORD& dw);

CArchive& operator>>(LONG& l);

CArchive& operator>>(float& f);

CArchive& operator>>(double& d);



CArchive& operator>>(int& i);

CArchive& operator>>(short& w);

CArchive& operator>>(char& ch);

CArchive& operator>>(unsigned& u);
下面以双字为例,分析原码

双字的插入(写)

CArchive& CArchive::operator<<(DWORD dw)

{

	if (m_lpBufCur   sizeof(DWORD) > m_lpBufMax) //缓冲区空间不够

		Flush();  //缓冲区内容提交到实际存储煤质。



	if (!(m_nMode & bNoByteSwap))

		_AfxByteSwap(dw, m_lpBufCur);  //处理字节顺序

	else

		*(DWORD*)m_lpBufCur = dw;      //添入缓冲区



	m_lpBufCur  = sizeof(DWORD); 	   //移动当前指针

	return *this;

}

双字的提取(读)
CArchive& CArchive::operator>>(DWORD& dw)

{

	if (m_lpBufCur   sizeof(DWORD) > m_lpBufMax) //缓冲区要读完了

		FillBuffer(sizeof(DWORD) - (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur));  //重新读入内容到缓冲区



	dw = *(DWORD*)m_lpBufCur;		//读取双字

	m_lpBufCur  = sizeof(DWORD);	//移动当前位置指针



	if (!(m_nMode & bNoByteSwap))

		_AfxByteSwap(dw, (BYTE*)&dw);  //处理字节顺序

	return *this;

}

四.缓冲区的更新

以上操作中,当缓冲区将插入满或缓冲区将提取空时,都将对缓冲区进行更新处理。

缓冲区将插入满时调用Flush();
void CArchive::Flush()

{

	ASSERT_VALID(m_pFile);

	ASSERT(m_bDirectBuffer || m_lpBufStart != NULL);

	ASSERT(m_bDirectBuffer || m_lpBufCur != NULL);

	ASSERT(m_lpBufStart == NULL ||

		AfxIsValidAddress(m_lpBufStart, m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufStart, IsStoring()));

	ASSERT(m_lpBufCur == NULL ||

		AfxIsValidAddress(m_lpBufCur, m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur, IsStoring()));



	if (IsLoading())

	{

		// unget the characters in the buffer, seek back unused amount

		if (m_lpBufMax != m_lpBufCur)

			m_pFile-> Seek(-(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur), CFile::current);

		m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufMax;    // 指向尾

	}

	else   //写模式

	{

		if (!m_bDirectBuffer)

		{

			// 内容写入到文件

			if (m_lpBufCur != m_lpBufStart)

				m_pFile-> Write(m_lpBufStart, m_lpBufCur - m_lpBufStart);

		}

		else

		{

			//如果是直接针对内存区域的的(例如CMemFile中) (只需移动相关指针,指向新的一块内存)

			if (m_lpBufCur != m_lpBufStart)

				m_pFile-> GetBufferPtr(CFile::bufferCommit, m_lpBufCur - m_lpBufStart);

			// get next buffer

			VERIFY(m_pFile-> GetBufferPtr(CFile::bufferWrite, m_nBufSize,

				(void**)&m_lpBufStart, (void**)&m_lpBufMax) == (UINT)m_nBufSize);

			ASSERT((UINT)m_nBufSize == (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufStart));

		}

		m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufStart; //指向缓冲区首

	}

}
缓冲区将提取空,会调用FillBuffer。 nBytesNeeded为当前剩余部分上尚有用的字节
void CArchive::FillBuffer(UINT nBytesNeeded)

{

	ASSERT_VALID(m_pFile);

	ASSERT(IsLoading());

	ASSERT(m_bDirectBuffer || m_lpBufStart != NULL);

	ASSERT(m_bDirectBuffer || m_lpBufCur != NULL);

	ASSERT(nBytesNeeded > 0);

	ASSERT(nBytesNeeded <= (UINT)m_nBufSize);

	ASSERT(m_lpBufStart == NULL ||

		AfxIsValidAddress(m_lpBufStart, m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufStart, FALSE));

	ASSERT(m_lpBufCur == NULL ||

		AfxIsValidAddress(m_lpBufCur, m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur, FALSE));



	UINT nUnused = m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur;

	ULONG nTotalNeeded = ((ULONG)nBytesNeeded)   nUnused;



	// 从文件中读取

	if (!m_bDirectBuffer)

	{

		ASSERT(m_lpBufCur != NULL);

		ASSERT(m_lpBufStart != NULL);

		ASSERT(m_lpBufMax != NULL);



		if (m_lpBufCur > m_lpBufStart)

		{

			//保留剩余的尚未处理的部分,将它们移动到头

			if ((int)nUnused > 0)

			{

				memmove(m_lpBufStart, m_lpBufCur, nUnused);

				m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufStart;

				m_lpBufMax = m_lpBufStart   nUnused;

			}



			// read to satisfy nBytesNeeded or nLeft if possible

			UINT nRead = nUnused;

			UINT nLeft = m_nBufSize-nUnused;

			UINT nBytes;

			BYTE* lpTemp = m_lpBufStart   nUnused;

			do

			{

				nBytes = m_pFile-> Read(lpTemp, nLeft);

				lpTemp = lpTemp   nBytes;

				nRead  = nBytes;

				nLeft -= nBytes;

			}

			while (nBytes > 0 && nLeft > 0 && nRead < nBytesNeeded);



			m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufStart;

			m_lpBufMax = m_lpBufStart   nRead;

		}

	}

	else

	{

		// 如果是针对内存区域(CMemFile),移动相关指针,指向新的一块内存

		if (nUnused != 0)

			m_pFile-> Seek(-(LONG)nUnused, CFile::current);

		UINT nActual = m_pFile-> GetBufferPtr(CFile::bufferRead, m_nBufSize,

			(void**)&m_lpBufStart, (void**)&m_lpBufMax);

		ASSERT(nActual == (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufStart));

		m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufStart;

	}



	// not enough data to fill request?

	if ((ULONG)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur) < nTotalNeeded)

		AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::endOfFile);

}

五.指定长度数据段落的读写

以下分析
UINT Read(void* lpBuf, UINT nMax); 读取长度为nMax的数据
void Write(const void* lpBuf, UINT nMax); 写入指定长度nMax的数据
对于大段数据的读写,先使用当前缓冲区中的内容或空间读取或写入,若这些空间够用了,则结束。
否则,从剩余的数据中找出最大的缓冲区整数倍大小的一块数据,直接读写到存储煤质(不反复使用缓冲区)。
剩余的余数部分,再使用缓冲区读写。
(说明:缓冲区读写的主要目的是将零散的数据以缓冲区大小为尺度来处理。对于大型数据,其中间的部分,不是零散的数据,使用缓冲区已经没有意思,故直接读写)

①读取

UINT CArchive::Read(void* lpBuf, UINT nMax)

{

	ASSERT_VALID(m_pFile);

	if (nMax == 0)

		return 0;



	UINT nMaxTemp = nMax;  //还需要读入的长度,读入一部分,就减相应数值,直到此数值变为零

	

	//处理当前缓冲区中剩余部分。

	//如果要求读入字节小于缓冲区中剩余部分,则第一部分为要求读入的字节数,

	//否则读入全部剩余部分	

	UINT nTemp = min(nMaxTemp, (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur));   

	memcpy(lpBuf, m_lpBufCur, nTemp);

	m_lpBufCur  = nTemp;

	lpBuf = (BYTE*)lpBuf   nTemp; //移动读出内容所在区域的指针

	nMaxTemp -= nTemp;



	//当前缓冲区中剩余部分不够要求读入的长度。

	//还有字节需要读,则需要根据需要执行若干次填充缓冲区,读出,直到读出指定字节。

	if (nMaxTemp != 0)  

	{

		//计算出去除尾数部分的字节大小(整数个缓冲区大小) 

		//对于这些部分,字节从文件对象中读出,放到输出缓冲区

		nTemp = nMaxTemp - (nMaxTemp % m_nBufSize);  

		UINT nRead = 0;



		UINT nLeft = nTemp;

		UINT nBytes;

		do

		{

			nBytes = m_pFile-> Read(lpBuf, nLeft); //要求读入此整数缓冲区部分大小

			lpBuf = (BYTE*)lpBuf   nBytes;

			nRead  = nBytes;

			nLeft -= nBytes;

		}

		while ((nBytes > 0) && (nLeft > 0)); 知道读入了预定大小,或到达文件尾



		nMaxTemp -= nRead;



		if (nRead == nTemp) //读入的字节等于读入的整数倍部分  该读最后的余数部分了

		{

			// 建立装有此最后余数部分的内容的CArchive的工作缓冲区。

			if (!m_bDirectBuffer)

			{

				UINT nLeft = max(nMaxTemp, (UINT)m_nBufSize);

				UINT nBytes;

				BYTE* lpTemp = m_lpBufStart;

				nRead = 0;

				do

				{

					nBytes = m_pFile-> Read(lpTemp, nLeft);  //从文件中读入到CArchive缓冲区

					lpTemp = lpTemp   nBytes;

					nRead  = nBytes;

					nLeft -= nBytes;

				}

				while ((nBytes > 0) && (nLeft > 0) && nRead < nMaxTemp);



				m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufStart;

				m_lpBufMax = m_lpBufStart   nRead;

			}

			else

			{

				nRead = m_pFile-> GetBufferPtr(CFile::bufferRead, m_nBufSize,

					(void**)&m_lpBufStart, (void**)&m_lpBufMax);

				ASSERT(nRead == (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufStart));

				m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufStart;

			}



			//读出此剩余部分到输出

			nTemp = min(nMaxTemp, (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur));

			memcpy(lpBuf, m_lpBufCur, nTemp);

			m_lpBufCur  = nTemp;

			nMaxTemp -= nTemp;

		}

		

	}

	return nMax - nMaxTemp;

}

②保存,写入
void CArchive::Write(const void* lpBuf, UINT nMax)

{

	if (nMax == 0)

		return;

	

	//读入可能的部分到缓冲区当前的剩余部分	

	UINT nTemp = min(nMax, (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufCur));

	memcpy(m_lpBufCur, lpBuf, nTemp);

	m_lpBufCur  = nTemp;

	lpBuf = (BYTE*)lpBuf   nTemp;

	nMax -= nTemp;



	if (nMax > 0)  //还有未写入的部分

	{

		Flush();    //将当前缓冲区写入到存储煤质



		//计算出整数倍缓冲区大小的字节数

		nTemp = nMax - (nMax % m_nBufSize);

		m_pFile-> Write(lpBuf, nTemp);  //直接写到文件

		lpBuf = (BYTE*)lpBuf   nTemp;

		nMax -= nTemp;





		//剩余部分添加到缓冲区

		if (m_bDirectBuffer)

		{

			// sync up direct mode buffer to new file position

			VERIFY(m_pFile-> GetBufferPtr(CFile::bufferWrite, m_nBufSize,

				(void**)&m_lpBufStart, (void**)&m_lpBufMax) == (UINT)m_nBufSize);

			ASSERT((UINT)m_nBufSize == (UINT)(m_lpBufMax - m_lpBufStart));

			m_lpBufCur = m_lpBufStart;

		}



		// copy remaining to active buffer

		ASSERT(nMax < (UINT)m_nBufSize);

		ASSERT(m_lpBufCur == m_lpBufStart);

		memcpy(m_lpBufCur, lpBuf, nMax);

		m_lpBufCur  = nMax;

	}

}

六.字符串的读写

①CArchive提供的WriteString和ReadString


字符串写
void CArchive::WriteString(LPCTSTR lpsz)

{

	ASSERT(AfxIsValidString(lpsz));

	Write(lpsz, lstrlen(lpsz) * sizeof(TCHAR));  //调用Write,将字符串对应的一段数据写入

}

字符串读(读取一行字符串)

LPTSTR CArchive::ReadString(LPTSTR lpsz, UINT nMax)

{

	// if nMax is negative (such a large number doesn''t make sense given today''s

	// 2gb address space), then assume it to mean "keep the newline".

	int nStop = (int)nMax < 0 ? -(int)nMax : (int)nMax;

	ASSERT(AfxIsValidAddress(lpsz, (nStop 1) * sizeof(TCHAR)));



	_TUCHAR ch;

	int nRead = 0;



	TRY

	{

		while (nRead < nStop)

		{

			*this >> ch;  //读出一个字节



			// stop and end-of-line (trailing ''\n'' is ignored)  遇换行—回车

			if (ch == ''\n'' || ch == ''\r'')

			{

				if (ch == ''\r'')

					*this >> ch;

				// store the newline when called with negative nMax

				if ((int)nMax != nStop)

					lpsz[nRead  ] = ch;

				break;

			}

			lpsz[nRead  ] = ch;

		}

	}

	CATCH(CArchiveException, e)

	{

		if (e-> m_cause == CArchiveException::endOfFile)

		{

			DELETE_EXCEPTION(e);

			if (nRead == 0)

				return NULL;

		}

		else

		{

			THROW_LAST();

		}

	}

	END_CATCH



	lpsz[nRead] = ''\0'';

	return lpsz;

}

ReadString到CString对象,可以多行字符
BOOL CArchive::ReadString(CString& rString)

{

	rString = &afxChNil;    // empty string without deallocating

	const int nMaxSize = 128;

	LPTSTR lpsz = rString.GetBuffer(nMaxSize);

	LPTSTR lpszResult;

	int nLen;

	for (;;)

	{

		lpszResult = ReadString(lpsz, (UINT)-nMaxSize); // store the newline

		rString.ReleaseBuffer();



		// if string is read completely or EOF

		if (lpszResult == NULL ||

			(nLen = lstrlen(lpsz)) < nMaxSize ||

			lpsz[nLen-1] == ''\n'')

		{

			break;

		}



		nLen = rString.GetLength();

		lpsz = rString.GetBuffer(nMaxSize   nLen)   nLen;

	}



	// remove ''\n'' from end of string if present

	lpsz = rString.GetBuffer(0);

	nLen = rString.GetLength();

	if (nLen != 0 && lpsz[nLen-1] == ''\n'')

		rString.GetBufferSetLength(nLen-1);



	return lpszResult != NULL;

}

②使用CString对象的"<<"与">>"符读写字符串

CString定义了输入输出符,可以象基本类型的数据一样使用CArchive 的操作符定义

friend CArchive& AFXAPI operator<<(CArchive& ar, const CString& string);

friend CArchive& AFXAPI operator>>(CArchive& ar, CString& string);
// CString serialization code

// String format:

//      UNICODE strings are always prefixed by 0xff, 0xfffe

//      if < 0xff chars: len:BYTE, TCHAR chars

//      if >= 0xff characters: 0xff, len:WORD, TCHAR chars

//      if >= 0xfffe characters: 0xff, 0xffff, len:DWORD, TCHARs



CArchive& AFXAPI operator<<(CArchive& ar, const CString& string)

{

	// special signature to recognize unicode strings

#ifdef _UNICODE

	ar << (BYTE)0xff;

	ar << (WORD)0xfffe;

#endif



	if (string.GetData()-> nDataLength < 255)

	{

		ar << (BYTE)string.GetData()-> nDataLength;

	}

	else if (string.GetData()-> nDataLength < 0xfffe)

	{

		ar << (BYTE)0xff;

		ar << (WORD)string.GetData()-> nDataLength;

	}

	else

	{

		ar << (BYTE)0xff;

		ar << (WORD)0xffff;

		ar << (DWORD)string.GetData()-> nDataLength;

	}

	ar.Write(string.m_pchData, string.GetData()-> nDataLength*sizeof(TCHAR));

	return ar;

}



// return string length or -1 if UNICODE string is found in the archive

AFX_STATIC UINT AFXAPI _AfxReadStringLength(CArchive& ar)

{

	DWORD nNewLen;



	// attempt BYTE length first

	BYTE bLen;

	ar >> bLen;



	if (bLen < 0xff)

		return bLen;



	// attempt WORD length

	WORD wLen;

	ar >> wLen;

	if (wLen == 0xfffe)

	{

		// UNICODE string prefix (length will follow)

		return (UINT)-1;

	}

	else if (wLen == 0xffff)

	{

		// read DWORD of length

		ar >> nNewLen;

		return (UINT)nNewLen;

	}

	else

		return wLen;

}



CArchive& AFXAPI operator>>(CArchive& ar, CString& string)

{

#ifdef _UNICODE

	int nConvert = 1;   // if we get ANSI, convert

#else

	int nConvert = 0;   // if we get UNICODE, convert

#endif



	UINT nNewLen = _AfxReadStringLength(ar);

	if (nNewLen == (UINT)-1)

	{

		nConvert = 1 - nConvert;

		nNewLen = _AfxReadStringLength(ar);

		ASSERT(nNewLen != -1);

	}



	// set length of string to new length

	UINT nByteLen = nNewLen;

#ifdef _UNICODE

	string.GetBufferSetLength((int)nNewLen);

	nByteLen  = nByteLen * (1 - nConvert);  // bytes to read

#else

	nByteLen  = nByteLen * nConvert;    // bytes to read

	if (nNewLen == 0)

		string.GetBufferSetLength(0);

	else

		string.GetBufferSetLength((int)nByteLen nConvert);

#endif



	// read in the characters

	if (nNewLen != 0)

	{

		ASSERT(nByteLen != 0);



		// read new data

		if (ar.Read(string.m_pchData, nByteLen) != nByteLen)

			AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::endOfFile);



		// convert the data if as necessary

		if (nConvert != 0)

		{

#ifdef _UNICODE

			CStringData* pOldData = string.GetData();

			LPSTR lpsz = (LPSTR)string.m_pchData;

#else

			CStringData* pOldData = string.GetData();

			LPWSTR lpsz = (LPWSTR)string.m_pchData;

#endif

			lpsz[nNewLen] = ''\0'';    // must be NUL terminated

			string.Init();   // don''t delete the old data

			string = lpsz;   // convert with operator=(LPWCSTR)

			CString::FreeData(pOldData);

		}

	}

	return ar;

}

.CObject派生对象的读写

MFC中多数类都从CObject类派生,CObject类与CArchive类有着良好的合作关系,能实现将对象序列化储存到文件或其他媒介中去,或者读取预先储存的对象,动态建立对象等功能。

①CObject定义了针对CArvhive的输入输出操作符,可以向其他基本数据类型一样使用"<<"、"<<"符号

CArchive& AFXAPI operator<<(CArchive& ar, const CObject* pOb)

	{ ar.WriteObject(pOb); return ar; }

CArchive& AFXAPI operator>>(CArchive& ar, CObject*& pOb)

	{ pOb = ar.ReadObject(NULL); return ar; }

当使用这些符号时,实际上执行的是CArchive的WriteObject和ReadObject成员

②WriteObject与ReadObject

在WriteObject与ReadObject中先写入或读取运行时类信息(CRuntimeClas),再调用Serialze(..),按其中的代码读写具体的对象数据。

因此,只要在CObject派生类中重载Serilize()函数,写入具体的读写过程,就可以使对象具有存储与创建能力。

//将对象写入到缓冲区

void CArchive::WriteObject(const CObject* pOb)

{

	DWORD nObIndex;

	// make sure m_pStoreMap is initialized

	MapObject(NULL);



	if (pOb == NULL)

	{

		// save out null tag to represent NULL pointer

		*this << wNullTag;

	}

	else if ((nObIndex = (DWORD)(*m_pStoreMap)[(void*)pOb]) != 0)

		// assumes initialized to 0 map

	{

		// save out index of already stored object

		if (nObIndex < wBigObjectTag)

			*this << (WORD)nObIndex;

		else

		{

			*this << wBigObjectTag;

			*this << nObIndex;

		}

	}

	else

	{

		// write class of object first

		CRuntimeClass* pClassRef = pOb-> GetRuntimeClass();

		WriteClass(pClassRef);  //写入运行类信息



		// enter in stored object table, checking for overflow

		CheckCount();

		(*m_pStoreMap)[(void*)pOb] = (void*)m_nMapCount  ;



		// 调用CObject的Serialize成员,按其中的代码写入类中数据。

		((CObject*)pOb)-> Serialize(*this);

	}

}



CObject* CArchive::ReadObject(const CRuntimeClass* pClassRefRequested)

{



	// attempt to load next stream as CRuntimeClass

	UINT nSchema;

	DWORD obTag;

	//先读入运行时类信息

	CRuntimeClass* pClassRef = ReadClass(pClassRefRequested, &nSchema, &obTag);



	// check to see if tag to already loaded object

	CObject* pOb;

	if (pClassRef == NULL)

	{

		if (obTag > (DWORD)m_pLoadArray-> GetUpperBound())

		{

			// tag is too large for the number of objects read so far

			AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::badIndex,

				m_strFileName);

		}



		pOb = (CObject*)m_pLoadArray-> GetAt(obTag);

		if (pOb != NULL && pClassRefRequested != NULL &&

			 !pOb-> IsKindOf(pClassRefRequested))

		{

			// loaded an object but of the wrong class

			AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::badClass,

				m_strFileName);

		}

	}

	else

	{

		// 建立对象

		pOb = pClassRef-> CreateObject();

		if (pOb == NULL)

			AfxThrowMemoryException();



		// Add to mapping array BEFORE de-serializing

		CheckCount();

		m_pLoadArray-> InsertAt(m_nMapCount  , pOb);



		// Serialize the object with the schema number set in the archive

		UINT nSchemaSave = m_nObjectSchema;

		m_nObjectSchema = nSchema;

		pOb-> Serialize(*this); //调用CObject的Serialize,按其中代码读入对象数据。

		m_nObjectSchema = nSchemaSave;

		ASSERT_VALID(pOb);

	}



	return pOb;

}



③运行时类信息的读写

为了避免众多重复的同类对象写入重复的类信息,CArchive中使用CMap对象储存和检索类信息。

void CArchive::WriteClass(const CRuntimeClass* pClassRef)

{

	ASSERT(pClassRef != NULL);

	ASSERT(IsStoring());    // proper direction



	if (pClassRef-> m_wSchema == 0xFFFF)

	{

		TRACE1("Warning: Cannot call WriteClass/WriteObject for %hs.\n",

			pClassRef-> m_lpszClassName);

		AfxThrowNotSupportedException();

	}



	// make sure m_pStoreMap is initialized

	MapObject(NULL);



	// write out class id of pOb, with high bit set to indicate

	// new object follows



	// ASSUME: initialized to 0 map

	DWORD nClassIndex;

	if ((nClassIndex = (DWORD)(*m_pStoreMap)[(void*)pClassRef]) != 0)

	{

		// previously seen class, write out the index tagged by high bit

		if (nClassIndex < wBigObjectTag)

			*this << (WORD)(wClassTag | nClassIndex);

		else

		{

			*this << wBigObjectTag;

			*this << (dwBigClassTag | nClassIndex);

		}

	}

	else

	{

		// store new class

		*this << wNewClassTag;

		pClassRef-> Store(*this);



		// store new class reference in map, checking for overflow

		CheckCount();

		(*m_pStoreMap)[(void*)pClassRef] = (void*)m_nMapCount  ;

	}

}



CRuntimeClass* CArchive::ReadClass(const CRuntimeClass* pClassRefRequested,

	UINT* pSchema, DWORD* pObTag)

{

	ASSERT(pClassRefRequested == NULL ||

		AfxIsValidAddress(pClassRefRequested, sizeof(CRuntimeClass), FALSE));

	ASSERT(IsLoading());    // proper direction



	if (pClassRefRequested != NULL && pClassRefRequested-> m_wSchema == 0xFFFF)

	{

		TRACE1("Warning: Cannot call ReadClass/ReadObject for %hs.\n",

			pClassRefRequested-> m_lpszClassName);

		AfxThrowNotSupportedException();

	}



	// make sure m_pLoadArray is initialized

	MapObject(NULL);



	// read object tag - if prefixed by wBigObjectTag then DWORD tag follows

	DWORD obTag;

	WORD wTag;

	*this >> wTag;

	if (wTag == wBigObjectTag)

		*this >> obTag;

	else

		obTag = ((wTag & wClassTag) << 16) | (wTag & ~wClassTag);



	// check for object tag (throw exception if expecting class tag)

	if (!(obTag & dwBigClassTag))

	{

		if (pObTag == NULL)

			AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::badIndex, m_strFileName);



		*pObTag = obTag;

		return NULL;

	}



	CRuntimeClass* pClassRef;

	UINT nSchema;

	if (wTag == wNewClassTag)

	{

		// new object follows a new class id

		if ((pClassRef = CRuntimeClass::Load(*this, &nSchema)) == NULL)

			AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::badClass, m_strFileName);



		// check nSchema against the expected schema

		if ((pClassRef-> m_wSchema & ~VERSIONABLE_SCHEMA) != nSchema)

		{

			if (!(pClassRef-> m_wSchema & VERSIONABLE_SCHEMA))

			{

				// schema doesn''t match and not marked as VERSIONABLE_SCHEMA

				AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::badSchema,

					m_strFileName);

			}

			else

			{

				// they differ -- store the schema for later retrieval

				if (m_pSchemaMap == NULL)

					m_pSchemaMap = new CMapPtrToPtr;

				ASSERT_VALID(m_pSchemaMap);

				m_pSchemaMap-> SetAt(pClassRef, (void*)nSchema);

			}

		}

		CheckCount();

		m_pLoadArray-> InsertAt(m_nMapCount  , pClassRef);

	}

	else

	{

		// existing class index in obTag followed by new object

		DWORD nClassIndex = (obTag & ~dwBigClassTag);

		if (nClassIndex == 0 || nClassIndex > (DWORD)m_pLoadArray-> GetUpperBound())

			AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::badIndex,

				m_strFileName);



		pClassRef = (CRuntimeClass*)m_pLoadArray-> GetAt(nClassIndex);

		ASSERT(pClassRef != NULL);



		// determine schema stored against objects of this type

		void* pTemp;

		BOOL bFound = FALSE;

		nSchema = 0;

		if (m_pSchemaMap != NULL)

		{

			bFound = m_pSchemaMap-> Lookup( pClassRef, pTemp );

			if (bFound)

				nSchema = (UINT)pTemp;

		}

		if (!bFound)

			nSchema = pClassRef-> m_wSchema & ~VERSIONABLE_SCHEMA;

   }



	// check for correct derivation

	if (pClassRefRequested != NULL &&

		!pClassRef-> IsDerivedFrom(pClassRefRequested))

	{

		AfxThrowArchiveException(CArchiveException::badClass, m_strFileName);

	}



	// store nSchema for later examination

	if (pSchema != NULL)

		*pSchema = nSchema;

	else

		m_nObjectSchema = nSchema;



	// store obTag for later examination

	if (pObTag != NULL)

		*pObTag = obTag;



	// return the resulting CRuntimeClass*

	return pClassRef;

}



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