分类： Oracle
2010-09-16 16:10:15
| 难题2. 控制文件恢复 这个又怎么恢复呢? 用rman的自动备份控制文件的rman备份吗? 是的没错,只有从rman备份文件中提取出来的controlfile才能使用rman备份文件恢复datafile的. 那么这里有来种办法来实现从rman备份文件中提取出controlfie了. 方法1. RMAN>restore controlfile from ‘/…备份文件..’; 恢复的控制文件将放在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/cncontrl.dbf不过这个方法有时恢复的控制文件中记录的dbname与实际不一致. 方法2: 利用dbms_backup_restore提取controlfile 步骤: [oracle@foway dbs]$sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Jul 18 21:38:21 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. 由于在刚才使用rman时执行了startup nomount,所以这里是connected,下面我们到nomount状态 SQL> startup force nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes Fixed Size 1218316 bytes Variable Size 62916852 bytes Database Buffers 100663296 bytes Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes SQL>DECLARE 2devtype varchar2(256); 3done boolean; 4BEGIN 5devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1'); 6sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile; 7sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'); 8sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2008_07_18/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20080718T203240_482fls2h_.bkp',params=>null); 9 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate; 10 end; 11/ PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. 下面验证control01.ctl是否恢复: [oracle@foway dbs]$ ls /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl [oracle@foway dbs]$ 看到了control01.ctl 恭喜你:难题2 解决了. 于是我们可以启动数据库到mount状态了. [oracle@foway dbs]$sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4 - Production on Fri Jul 18 21:45:32 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. SQL> startup force mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes Fixed Size 1218316 bytes Variable Size 62916852 bytes Database Buffers 100663296 bytes Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info 我们已经恢复了控制文件了,怎么还是有错误呢,其实不用担心,看看spfile中的记录先 SQL> show parameter control_files NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_files string /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/contr ol01.ctl, /opt/oracle/oradata/ orcl/control02.ctl, /opt/oracl e/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl SQL> 既然如此,我们就把控制文件同步下好了. SQL> ho cp /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl SQL> ho cp /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl SQL> alter database mount; Database altered. SQL> ho ls /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl control02.ctl control03.ctl 好了到这里我们已经成功解决了难题2了. 有了恢复后的控制文件,我们就可以使用rman查看与使用以前的rman备份了. 恢复datafile 步骤: rman target / nocatalog Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4 - Production on Fri Jul 18 21:49:10 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1188209463, not open) using target database control file instead of recovery catalog RMAN> 看到了 红色部分了吗,太好了终于看到了正常的rman登陆信息了. 那就list copy|backup 看看能找到我们的 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20080718T203240_482fls2h_.bkp o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20080718T203240_482fkb0k_.bkp 文件吗. RMAN> list copy; specification does not match any archive log in the recovery catalog RMAN> list backup; List of Backup Sets =================== BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------- 1 Full 495.41M DISK 00:00:41 18-JUL-08 BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20080718T203240 Piece Name: /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2008_07_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20080718T203240_482fkb0k_.bkp List of Datafiles in backup set 1 File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ---- 1 Full 453304 18-JUL-08 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf 2 Full 453304 18-JUL-08 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf 3 Full 453304 18-JUL-08 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf 4 Full 453304 18-JUL-08 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf RMAN> 太好了,总于可以使用restore,recover来恢复datafile了. RMAN> restore database; Starting restore at 18-JUL-08 Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 18-JUL-08 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK Crosschecked 1 objects Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 18-JUL-08 Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 18-JUL-08 using channel ORA_DISK_1 Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 18-JUL-08 searching for all files in the recovery area cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2008_07_18/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20080718T203240_482fls2h_.bkp using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set restoring datafile 00001 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf restoring datafile 00002 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf restoring datafile 00003 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf restoring datafile 00004 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2008_07_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20080718T203240_482fkb0k_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2008_07_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20080718T203240_482fkb0k_.bkp tag=TAG20080718T203240 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:56 Finished restore at 18-JUL-08 RMAN> 此时可以在$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/下看到期望已久的datafile了. [oracle@foway dbs] ls /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl control02.ctl control03.ctl sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf [oracle@foway dbs] 不过此时还没有完哈,需要在接在励. 由于没有redo log日志文件所以我们不应用日志恢复: RMAN> recover database noredo; Starting recover at 18-JUL-08 using channel ORA_DISK_1 Finished recover at 18-JUL-08 RMAN> 到目前我们已经拥有了参数文件,控制文件,数据文件了: [oracle@foway dbs] ls /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ ls /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl control02.ctl control03.ctl sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf [oracle@foway dbs] ls /opt/oracle/10g/dbs/ alert_orcl.log hc_orcl.dat initdw.ora init.ora lkORCL spfileorcl.ora 还差一个密码文件,以及相关的日志文件了. 先解决密码文件: [oracle@foway dbs] orapwd file=/opt/oracle/10g/dbs/orapworcl password=uplooking entries=5 [oracle@foway dbs] ls /opt/oracle/10g/dbs/ ls /opt/oracle/10g/dbs/ alert_orcl.log initdw.ora lkORCL spfileorcl.ora hc_orcl.dat init.ora orapworcl 下面需要大家坚持不懈的完成最后一个工作了. 那就是通过已经恢复的controlfile and datafile 来演算出redo log file了. 步骤: [oracle@foway dbs]sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4 - Production on Fri Jul 18 21:58:05 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. SQL> startup force mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes Fixed Size 1218316 bytes Variable Size 62916852 bytes Database Buffers 100663296 bytes Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes Database mounted. SQL>alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=TRUE; alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=TRUE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=TRUE scope=spfile; System altered. SQL>ho ls /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl control03.ctl sysaux01.dbf undotbs01.dbf control02.ctl orapworcl system01.dbf users01.dbf 下面没有redo log file ,下面我将演算出redo log SQL>startup force ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes Fixed Size 1218316 bytes Variable Size 62916852 bytes Database Buffers 100663296 bytes Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open SQL>alter database open resetlogs; Database altered. SQL> ho ls /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl orapworcl redo03.log temp01.dbf control02.ctl redo01.log sysaux01.dbf undotbs01.dbf control03.ctl redo02.log system01.dbf users01.dbf SQL> 好了到这里,非常高兴了,你已经成功的从只有rman备份文件中恢复了参数文件,控制文件,所有数据文件,日志文件了. 通常到这里还需要你全备数据库的哈,别忘了! 如果备份文件没有包含控制文件的备份,也就是只有数据文件如何恢复? 方法也比较简单. 1.建立密码文件,参数文件,数据存放目录,日志存放目录. 2.指定ORACLE_SID,然后通过dbms_backup_restore从备份中读出数据文件 3.建立控制文件 4.加日志参数后resetlogs生成日志文件 5.测试交易是否存在,并全备 具体步骤参看: 只有数据文件的备份如何恢复一例 |
