Linux环境下Qt-x11-4.5.3安装教程

1.下载

   从的ftp上下载：/qt/source/qt-x11-opensource-src-4.5.3.tar.gz。

2.解压

  复制qt-x11-opensource-src-4.5.3.tar.gz到/opt下

  tar xvzf qt-x11-opensource-desktop-4.5.3.tar 

  解压后文件名为qt-x11-opensource-desktop-4.5.3，我嫌太长，改为qt-x11-4.5.3

3.安装

  1）进入解压后的qt目录，运行命令  ./configure

    这里./configure不加参数即采用默认安装。我这边加了两个参数-qvfb -prefix /opt/Qt-x11-4.5.3。

    后面如果要安装qvfb须加上-qvfb，-prefix 为改变安装目录的参数。
  2）运行命令  make
  3）运行make install

  4）解决qt现版本与旧版本冲突问题
    打开/etc/profile文件，在该文件的末尾加上以下语句：
    export PATH=/opt/qt-x11-4.5.3/bin:$PATH
    export QTDIR=/opt/qt-x11-4.5.3
    export MANPATH=$QTDIR/man:$MANPATH
    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$QTDIR/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
    export QMAKESPEC=$QTDIR/mkspecs/linux-g++（如果qmake编译时候出现错误：QMAKESPEC has not

       been set, so configuration cannot be deduced.Error processing project file: XXXXX.pro

       就加入这一行)
    保存后注销重登陆。

    运行qmake -v，显示版本4.3.4，运行designer,即启动Qt4的设计界面。
   （安装目录 /opt/Qt-x11-4.5.3)

  7)编译qvfb（看个人情况是否需要安装）

   （在安装qt-x11，运行./configure时，须添加-qvfb参数）

    # cd qt-x11-opensource-src-4.5.3/tools/qvfb/
    # make
    编译好的命令会在/qt-x11-4.5.3/bin目录下；

    为了方便调试，可以将qvfb可执行文件复制到/usr/local/Trolltech/Qtx86-4.5.3/bin/中；

4.测试

简单测试代码：hellp.cpp

#include <qapplication.h>
#include <qlabel.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    QLabel *label = new QLabel("Hello Qt!", 0);
    app.setActiveWindow(label);
    label->resize(240, 320);
    label->show();
    return app.exec();
}

在任意地方创建一个文件，例：hello，将hello.cpp拷贝进来。

执行qmake -project

    qmake

    ./hello

测试成功！
        

5.附官方安装说明：

                          Installing Qt on X11 Platforms

1. If you have the commercial edition of Qt, install your license file as $HOME/.qt-license.

   For the open source version you do not need a license file.

2. Unpack the archive if you have not done so already. For example, if you have the qt-x11-opensource-desktop-4.5.3.tar.gz package, type the following commands at a command line prompt: cd /tmp gunzip qt-x11-opensource-desktop-4.5.3.tar.gz # uncompress the archive tar xvf qt-x11-opensource-desktop-4.5.3.tar # unpack it

   This creates the directory /tmp/qt-x11-opensource-desktop-4.5.3 containing the files from the archive. We only support the GNU version of the tar archiving utility. Note that on some systems it is called gtar.

3. Building

   To configure the Qt library for your machine type, run the ./configure script in the package directory.

   By default, Qt is configured for installation in the /usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.5.3 directory, but this can be changed by using the -prefix option.

   cd /tmp/qt-x11-opensource-desktop-4.5.3 ./configure

   Type ./configure -help to get a list of all available options.

   To create the library and compile all the demos, examples, tools, and tutorials, type:

   make

   If -prefix is outside the build directory, you need to install the library, demos, examples, tools, and tutorials in the appropriate place. To do this, type:

   make install

   , as root if necessary.

   Note that on some systems the make utility is named differently, e.g. gmake. The configure script tells you which make utility to use.

   Note: If you later need to reconfigure and rebuild Qt from the same location, ensure that all traces of the previous configuration are removed by entering the build directory and typing make confclean before running configure again.

4. Environment variables

   In order to use Qt, some environment variables needs to be extended.

   PATH - to locate qmake, moc and other Qt tools

   This is done like this:

   In .profile (if your shell is bash, ksh, zsh or sh), add the following lines:

   PATH=/usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.5.3/bin:$PATH export PATH

   In .login (in case your shell is csh or tcsh), add the following line:

   setenv PATH /usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.5.3/bin:$PATH

   If you use a different shell, please modify your environment variables accordingly.

   For compilers that do not support rpath you must also extended the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to include /usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.5.3/lib. On Linux with GCC this step is not needed.

5. That's all. Qt is now installed.

   If you are new to Qt, we suggest that you take a look at the demos and examples to see Qt in action. Run the Qt Examples and Demos either by typing qtdemo on the command line or through the desktop's Main menu.