在操作系统损坏时恢复Oracle10g全过程

环境：oracle10g，操作系统5.2
    数据库系统在rootvg下/oracle文件系统下，
    数据文件在datavg下/oradata文件系统下
    控制文件在 $/ORACLE_HOME/dbs/一个和/oradata下两个
    重做日志文件在 $/ORACLE_HOME/dbs/和/oradata下每组日志文件各一个，共三组
    有最新spfile文件备份。
    1、rootvg损坏，重新安装操作系统。
    2、安装oracle数据库系统文件
    3、恢复spfile文件到$/ORACLE_HOME/dbs/下，
    4、startup nomount，出现错误提示，建立$/ORACLE_BASE/hb052500/cdump 和udump
    5、startup nomount，出现错误提示
    SQL> startup nomount
    ORA-00444: background process "MMAN" failed while starting
    ORA-07446: sdnfy: bad value '' for parameter .

    ORA-07446 sdnfy: bad value 'string' for parameter string.
    Cause: The directory specified as the value for the stated parameter could not
    be used.
    Action: Make sure the directory you have specified is a valid directory/file
    specification.

    6、建立pfile文件
    SQL> create pfile from spfile;

    File created.

    7、查看pfile文件，按照pfile文件中列出的路径，建立相应路径后台进程目录和归档目录
    *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oracle/app/oracle/OraHome/dbs/archive'
    *.background_dump_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/hb052500/bdump'
    $ cd $/ORACLE_BASE/hb052500/
    $ ls
    cdump udump
    $ mkdir bdump
    $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
    $ ls
    hb052500 init.ora inithb052500.ora
    hc_hb052500.dat initdw.ora spfilehb052500.ora
    $ mkdir archive
    8、startup nomount成功。
    $ sqlplus /nolog

    SQL*Plus: Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sun Oct 16 21:23:17 2005

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2004, . All rights reserved.

    SQL> conn / as sysdba
    Connected to an idle instance.
    SQL> startup nomount;
    ORACLE instance started.

    Total System Global Area 289406976 bytes
    Fixed Size 1328912 bytes
    Variable Size 262387952 bytes
    Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
    Redo Buffers 524288 bytes
    SQL>

9、alter database mount，出现错误提示
    SQL> alter database mount;
    alter database mount
    *
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-01990: error opening password file '/oracle/app/oracle/OraHome/dbs/orapw'
    ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
    IBM AIX RISC System/6000 Error: 2: No such file or directory
    Additional information: 3

    10、建立口令文件
    orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwd.ora password=oracle
    11、
    SQL> alter database mount;
    alter database mount
    *
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-01100: database already mounted

    SQL> alter database open;
    alter database open
    *
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-38760: This database instance failed to turn on flashback database

    SQL> alter database flashback off;

    Database altered.

    SQL> alter database open;

    Database altered.

    SQL> archive log list;
    Database log mode Archive Mode
    Automatic archival Enabled
    Archive destination /oracle/app/oracle/OraHome/dbs/archive
    Oldest online log sequence 614
    Next log sequence to archive 616
    Current log sequence 616
    SQL>