巧用Oracle备份集在测试机上做不完全恢复

如果表的许多分区被意外drop，需要利用带库上的备份集在测试机上做不完全恢复，而具体日期需要达到一个特定的时间，那么我们可以参考下文中的解决方法。

        ◆首先需要用logminer查出删除语句：

         uncompress /oracle/oradata/xxx/xxx.ARC.Z
        ...

        begin
        sys.dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/oracle/oradata/xxx/xxx.ARC');
        ...
        end;

        begin sys.dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(Options => sys.dbms_logmnr.DICT_FROM_ONLINE_CATALOG); end;

        create table xsb_logminer_1 as
        select timestamp, seg_name,operation, sql_redo
        from V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS
        where seg_owner='XXX' and operation='DDL' and sql_redo like 'ALTER TABLE XXX DROP PARTITION %';

        BEGIN sys.dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr();END;

        ◆然后在生产库上创建pfile：

         create pfile='...' from spfile;

        需要从带库上恢复rman备份集至生产机上,将此备份集FTP至测试机上，连同pfile文件.

        在测试机上创建与生产机上相同目录，admin ...

        在测试机上创建新实例：

         orapwd file=... password=xxx

        然后修改pfile文件内容，改变control_files内容。

        ◆启动新实例

         export ORACLE_SID=xxx
        sqlplus / as sysdba
        startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/init_xxx.ora';
        create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/init_xxx.ora';

        exit

        RMAN target sys/xxx
        restore controlfile from '...';
        startup mount
        --crosscheck backup;
        list backup;

        run
        {
        set newname for datafile 1 to '/oracle/oradata/xxx/system01.dbf';
        set newname for datafile 2 to '/oracle/oradata/xxx/undo01.dbf';
        set newname for datafile 3 to '/oracle/oradata/xxx/sysaux01.dbf';
        set newname for datafile 6 to '/oracle/oradata/xxx/pay_ts01.dbf';
        restore datafile 1;
        restore datafile 2;
        restore datafile 3;
        restore datafile 6;
        }
        (注：发现单个datafile恢复不如整库恢复快！)
        sql 'alter database backup controlfile to trace';
        shutdown immediate;
        exit

        然后修改controlfile文件内容，去掉不用的文件名

        ◆不完全恢复数据库:

         sqlplus / as sysdba
        startup nomount;

        ◆重建控制文件

         CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "XXX" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
        MAXLOGFILES 40
        MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
        MAXDATAFILES 400
        MAXINSTANCES 2
        MAXLOGHISTORY 454
        LOGFILE
        GROUP 1 (
        '/oracle/oradata/xxx/rdb_redo01a'
        ) SIZE 10M,
        GROUP 2 (
        '/oracle/oradata/xxx/rdb_redo02a'
        ) SIZE 10M
        DATAFILE
        '/oracle/oradata/xxx/system01.dbf',
        '/oracle/oradata/xxx/undo01.dbf',
        '/oracle/oradata/xxx/sysaux01.dbf',
        '/oracle/oradata/xxx/pay_ts01.dbf'
        CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
        ;

        recover database until cancel using backup controlfile;
        ...

        alter database open resetlogs;

        ◆做数据恢复操作:

         create table xxx as select xxx from xxx where xxx;
        exp,ftp .dmp,imp

        也可以如下所示，这样会更简单一些：

         restore database;
        recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
        alter database open resetlogs;
        ...

        END!!!