全部博文(13)
分类: 嵌入式
2009-09-05 18:45:17
VMware+Ubuntu8.10+Skyeye+gdb
实现u-boot源码调试系统平台WindowsXP
虚拟机VMware Workstation
Ubuntu8.10安装程序ubuntu-8.10-desktop-i386.iso
下载地址:
u-boot-
官方下载地址:
Skyeye-
下载地址
图形化GDB调试工具:insight-6.8.tar.bz2
下载地址
(一) 安装虚拟机VMware及虚拟安装Ubuntu8.10
VMware及在VMware上虚拟安装Ubuntu8.10的安装很简单这里不详细描述,不懂的朋友可在Baidu中搜索“Vmware 上安装Ubuntu
安装完VMware 及Ubuntu8.10后要安装VMware Tools
安装好VMware Tools后可以就可在WindowsXP和Ubuntu8.10间进行文件共享及实现Ubuntu8.10下对屏幕分辨率的调整。
这里给个链接参考:
http://blog.chinaunix.net/u3/93889/showart_1915654.html
这两个链接讲的很详细,非常感谢作者如此详细认真的描述。
(二) 为Ubuntu8.10换更新源
用虚拟机运行Ubuntu8.10
打开终端
输入:sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
用以下内容覆盖原文件
#台湾:台湾的官方源速度也相当不错,有时甚至快于内地的
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#电信服务器,Ubuntu China Official Mirror, maintained by Shanghai Linux User Group):
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multivers
保存并退出。
在终端中输入:sudo apt-get update 更新列表。
由于更新源很多,可根据情况选择速度较快的几个。
(三) 用新立得软件管理器更新安装以下软件包
binutils
binutils-dev
build-essential
libx11-dev
libncurse5-dev
texinfo
autoconf
点击System-》系统管理-》新立得软件管理器 输入root权限密码 在软件管理器中标记以上软件,然后点击Apply进行软件包的安装。
(四) Skyeye的安装
下载skyeye-
tar jxvf skyeye-
cd skyeye-
修改文件 device/nandflash/nandflash_smallblock.c line 519 to
if(( nf->fdump=open(dev->dump,FILE_FLAG,0666))<0)
./configure
make
make install
查看/usr/local/bin,多出一项skyeye,这就是我们启动skyeye的命令文件。之后可在任何目录下运行skyeye。
在终端输入skyeye将显示以下内容,说明安装正确:
**************************** WARNING **********************************
If you want to run ELF image, you should use -e option to indicate
your elf-format image filename. Or you only want to run binary image,
you need to set the filename of the image and its entry in skyeye.conf.
***********************************************************************
Your elf file is little endian.
Failed to open skyeye config file skyeye.conf in the same directory
error: No such file or directory
SkyEye
Bug report: skyeye-developer@lists.gro.clinux.org
Usage: skyeye [options] -e program [program args]
Default mode is STANDALONE mode
------------------------------------------------------------------
Options:
-e exec-file the (ELF executable format)kernel file name.
-l load_address,load_address_mask
Load ELF file to another address, not its entry.
-b specify the data type is big endian when non "-e" option.
-d in GDB Server mode (can be connected by GDB).
-c config-file the skyeye configure file name.
-h The SkyEye command options, and ARCHs and CPUs simulated.
------------------------------------------------------------------
----------- Architectures and CPUs simulated by SkyEye-------------
-------- ARM architectures ---------
at91
lpc
s
s
s
s
ep7312
lh79520
ep9312
cs89712
sa1100
pxa_lubbock
pxa_mainstone
at91rm92
s
s
sharp_lh
ns9750
-------- BlackFin architectures ----
bf533
bf537
(五) 安装arm-linux交叉编译工具链
交叉编译工具可以自己编译或使用别人已经编译好的交叉编译工具。
交叉编译工具的制作过于复杂,有兴趣有时间的可以学习下如何制作,这里我就使用别人已经编译好的交叉编译工具cross-3.2
下载地址:
sudo cp cross-3.2.tar.bz2 / 将cross-3.2.tar.bz2 拷贝到跟目录下
sudo tar jxvf cross-3.2.tar.bz2
sudo rm –rf cross-3.2.tar.bz2
在/usr/local/下会多出一arm文件夹
/usr/local/arm 就是交叉编译工具所在的目录
设置环境变量PATH
sudo gedit /ect/apt/environment
将 :/usr/local/arm/bin 加入末尾保存并退出
注销重新登陆
在终端输入 arm-linux-gcc -v 显示以下信息说明安装正确
Reading specs from /usr/local/arm/bin/../lib/gcc-lib/arm-linux/3.2/specs
Configured with: ./configure --target=arm-linux --prefix=/usr/local/arm/ --with-headers=/home/sylam/armbuild/src/linux/include --disable-shared --disable-threads --enable-languages=c : (reconfigured) ./configure --target=arm-linux --prefix=/usr/local/arm/ --with-headers=/home/sylam/armbuild/src/linux/include
Thread model: posix
gcc version 3.2
(六) 编译u-boot
下载u-boot-
官方下载地址:
tar jxvf u-boot-
cd u-boot-
修改common/cmd_bootm.c
将第464-477行
U_BOOT_CMD(
bootm, CFG_MAXARGS, 1, do_bootm,
"bootm - boot application image from memory\n",
"[addr [arg ...]]\n - boot application image stored in memory\n"
"\tpassing arguments 'arg ...'; when booting a Linux kernel,\n"
"\t'arg' can be the address of an initrd image\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
"\tWhen booting a Linux kernel which requires a flat device-tree\n"
"\ta third argument is required which is the address of the of the\n"
"\tdevice-tree blob. To boot that kernel without an initrd image,\n"
"\tuse a '-' for the second argument. If you do not pass a third\n"
"\ta bd_info struct will be passed instead\n"
#endif
);
改为:
#ifdef CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
U_BOOT_CMD(
bootm, CFG_MAXARGS, 1, do_bootm,
"bootm - boot application image from memory\n",
"[addr [arg ...]]\n - boot application image stored in memory\n"
"passing arguments 'arg ...'; when booting a Linux kernel,\n"
"\t'arg' can be the address of an initrd image\n"
"\tWhen booting a Linux kernel which requires a flat device-tree\n"
"\ta third argument is required which is the address of the of the\n"
"\tdevice-tree blob. To boot that kernel without an initrd image,\n"
"\tuse a '-' for the second argument. If you do not pass a third\n"
"\ta bd_info struct will be passed instead\n"
);
#else
U_BOOT_CMD(
bootm, CFG_MAXARGS, 1, do_bootm,
"bootm - boot application image from memory\n",
"[addr [arg ...]]\n - boot application image stored in memory\n"
"\tpassing arguments 'arg ...'; when booting a Linux kernel,\n"
"\t'arg' can be the address of an initrd image\n"
);
#endif
原文参见:http://shkliu.blogbus.com/logs/7898682.html
编译u-boot
make smdk2410_config
make
(七) 将GCC 版本降由GCC-
GCC-
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.2
rm /usr/bin/gcc
ln –s /usr/bin/gcc-4.2 /usr/bin/gcc
运行gcc –v查看gcc 版本将显示以下信息
Using built-in specs.
Target: i486-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --enable-shared --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --enable-nls --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.2 --program-suffix=-4.2 --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-objc-gc --enable-mpfr --enable-targets=all --enable-checking=release --build=i486-linux-gnu --host=i486-linux-gnu --target=i486-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version
要更改其他gcc 版本方法同上。
(八) 安装gdb-6.8
下载gdb-6.8.tar.bz2
tar jxvf gdb-6.8.tar.bz2
cd gdb-6.8
./configure --target=arm-linux
make
sudo make install
编译 gdb-server
cd gdb-6.8/gdb/gdbServer
./configure --target=arm-linux --host=arm-linux
make CC=/usr/local/arm/bin/arm-linux-gcc
(九) 安装图形化GDB调试工具:insight-6.8
下载insight-6.8.tar.bz2
下载地址
tar jxvf insight-6.8.tar.bz2
cd insight-6.8
./configure --target=arm-linux --enable-sim --prefix=/usr/local
make
sudo make install
安装结束后在/usr/local/bin 中会有arm-linux-insight
在终端中是输入 arm-linux-insight 将启动insight
(十) 用arm-linux-insight 及skyeye对u-boot 进行调试
cd $HOME
mkdir skyeye
拷贝第六步中u-boot-
建立skyeye.conf 文件
文件内容如下:
# skyeye config file for S
cpu: arm920t
mach: s
# physical memory
mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x00000000, size=0x00100000
mem_bank: map=M, type=R, addr=0x01400000, size=0x00400000
#mem_bank: map=M, type=R, addr=0x01400000, size=0x00400000, file=./u-boot.bin,boot=yes
mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x30000000, size=0x
mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x
# all peripherals I/O mapping area
mem_bank: map=I, type=RW, addr=0x48000000, size=0x20000000
mem_bank: map=I, type=RW, addr=0x19000300, size=0x00000020
net: type=cs
#nandflash: type=s
#lcd: type=s
#dbct:state=on
(十一) U-boot源代码调试
进入skyeye文件夹,用-d命令启动skyeye
终端输入命令:
sudo skyeye –c skyeye.conf –d
skyeye 将进入debug模式在TCP:12345端口等待gdb连接,u-boot程序运行到第一条指令0x
配置arm-linux-insight
按如下图所示:
打开文件:File-》Open
File-》Target Settings
如上图在0x33f80000 处设置断点(红色)
然后连接目标
Run-》Connect to target
如上图显示程序运行到0x33f80000 处(绿色)
按下Ctrl+R 将显示寄存器窗口,可以观察当前各Register的值,如下图
按下N程序将跳到reset 处如下图
我们在board.c start_armboot 入口处设置断点然后按下C键程序将在start_armboot入口处暂停
如上图所示我们可以对u-boot进行断点,单步跟踪调试。
此篇文章是我在上海出差期间,闲暇之余做的总结,因为涉及的方面比较多,很多地方介绍不详细,可能会有很多错误,仅做为有兴趣用Skyeye搭建仿真开发环境的朋友提供参考。我觉得这一平台很适合那些想学习嵌入式开发的同学,在没有硬件的情况下不妨以此为出发点。既然现在可以调试u-boot,那我想应该也可以调试操作系统吧,比如可以从ucosii开始。
关于如何解决错误,在试验过程中在所难免出现这样那样的错误,我碰到了许多问题,有编译器版本问题,有缺少库文件的问题,以及一些源码有错误的地方。出现问题最好的方法不是马上发帖去问,应该把终端输出的错误信息中最重要的部分copy下来到百度里去搜索下,很有可能你遇到的问题已经有人遇到过且已经有解决方法。我觉得大部分问题是都可以找到答案的。
最后一点,虽然本文也借鉴了许多人的帖子,但毕竟也是辛苦总结出来的,希望转载的朋友注明出处,也算是对别人辛苦成果的一种肯定吧。
chinaunix网友2009-11-16 15:09:05
楼主辛苦了!好文章,我按照您的文章一步一步照着做,有两个地方出了问题: 第一个是:安装arm-linux交叉编译工具链,设置环境变量时出错,我换用命令gedit ~/.bashrc export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/arm/bin最后设置成功 第二个是:编译 gdb-server cd gdb-6.8/gdb/gdbServer 在这一步一直提示没有这个文件夹,我查了一下其他地方的文章,在这里是使用命令cd gdb-6.8即可 文中还有很多地方我还不知其所以然,以后会继续学习!