HBase快照迁移数据失败原因及解决办法

目录

 

1. 背景

机房裁撤，需将源HBase集群的数据迁移到目标HBase集群，采用快照迁移方式。

2. 环境

Hadoop-3.1.2 + HBase-2.2.1

3. 执行语句

time hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.ExportSnapshot -overwrite -snapshot test.snapshot -copy-from hdfs://192.168.32.30/hbase -copy-to hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase -mappers 10 -bandwidth 30

4. 问题描述

迁移小表（耗时几分钟内）时没有遇到过错误，但迁移大表（耗时超过30分钟）时，一直报错“Can't find hfile”。网上有关该问题的内容稀少，其中只有一篇文章提到解决办法，但按文章的方法并未能解决问题，而且从错误信息来看，并不是该文章所说的内存配置过小。

5. 错误信息

2019-10-18 19:57:27,261 INFO  [main] snapshot.ExportSnapshot: Finalize the Snapshot Export

2019-10-18 19:57:27,272 INFO  [main] snapshot.ExportSnapshot: Verify snapshot integrity

2019-10-18 19:57:27,323 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t7] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: 643c8e0f85e5487982241077ae245f34 in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/135c6968cf1923ecde60afa8917354bb/cf1/643c8e0f85e5487982241077ae245f34) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/135c6968cf1923ecde60afa8917354bb/cf1/643c8e0f85e5487982241077ae245f34) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,325 ERROR [main] snapshot.ExportSnapshot: Snapshot export failed

org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.CorruptedSnapshotException: Can't find hfile: 643c8e0f85e5487982241077ae245f34 in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/135c6968cf1923ecde60afa8917354bb/cf1/643c8e0f85e5487982241077ae245f34) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/135c6968cf1923ecde60afa8917354bb/cf1/643c8e0f85e5487982241077ae245f34) directory for the primary table.

        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil.concurrentVisitReferencedFiles(SnapshotReferenceUtil.java:238)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil.verifySnapshot(SnapshotReferenceUtil.java:197)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil.verifySnapshot(SnapshotReferenceUtil.java:181)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.ExportSnapshot.verifySnapshot(ExportSnapshot.java:825)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.ExportSnapshot.run(ExportSnapshot.java:1043)

        at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:70)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.ExportSnapshot.innerMain(ExportSnapshot.java:1102)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.snapshot.ExportSnapshot.main(ExportSnapshot.java:1106)

2019-10-18 19:57:27,328 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t8] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: 26f079c7a824495fbfd53e19bb17b61b in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/0efcc556e8e6d9591db883f28377d94b/cf1/26f079c7a824495fbfd53e19bb17b61b) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/0efcc556e8e6d9591db883f28377d94b/cf1/26f079c7a824495fbfd53e19bb17b61b) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,326 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t1] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: b99bf4640cea4b61b236f254523bb411 in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/01df524951ebfb58fd7997a661849f0c/cf1/b99bf4640cea4b61b236f254523bb411) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/01df524951ebfb58fd7997a661849f0c/cf1/b99bf4640cea4b61b236f254523bb411) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,326 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t6] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: 0c078354218b40f989b5512e87a1d40d in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/0a3b62dfd3c602a34e2b1a4b5829f37a/cf1/0c078354218b40f989b5512e87a1d40d) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/0a3b62dfd3c602a34e2b1a4b5829f37a/cf1/0c078354218b40f989b5512e87a1d40d) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,326 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t5] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: f539907e9608424a8403d298fddf4570 in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/12c92f19120021d17d531f036e3d3eac/cf1/f539907e9608424a8403d298fddf4570) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/12c92f19120021d17d531f036e3d3eac/cf1/f539907e9608424a8403d298fddf4570) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,326 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t4] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: 9e7dc776fc204c2688d46e79f7810b01 in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/01927a47aa1ea2a1a660af6c71f19c35/cf1/9e7dc776fc204c2688d46e79f7810b01) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/01927a47aa1ea2a1a660af6c71f19c35/cf1/9e7dc776fc204c2688d46e79f7810b01) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,326 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t2] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: 807e7447315344e3b4bffbd3d15f1b2a in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/0209bf6c89327d5b0fb07782188f73fb/cf1/807e7447315344e3b4bffbd3d15f1b2a) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/0209bf6c89327d5b0fb07782188f73fb/cf1/807e7447315344e3b4bffbd3d15f1b2a) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,336 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t7] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: ec45664b691941fe84502783b88f6ed7 in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/02f45bdfc56d563ee4ffa924c02dcb10/cf1/ec45664b691941fe84502783b88f6ed7) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/02f45bdfc56d563ee4ffa924c02dcb10/cf1/ec45664b691941fe84502783b88f6ed7) directory for the primary table.

2019-10-18 19:57:27,338 ERROR [VerifySnapshot-pool1-t3] snapshot.SnapshotReferenceUtil: Can't find hfile: 0c6a05097eb743ea8366b74cdfd3df8e in the real (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/data/test/092dba98be14004efdca23e1d0ecd157/cf1/0c6a05097eb743ea8366b74cdfd3df8e) or archive (hdfs://192.168.31.30/hbase/archive/data/test/092dba98be14004efdca23e1d0ecd157/cf1/0c6a05097eb743ea8366b74cdfd3df8e) directory for the primary table.

6. 问题原因

该问题的原因是从源集群复制过来的文件在目标集群上不存在，检查目标集群，可发现目标集群的NameNode上有出现未找到的文件，也就是说文件原来是存在的，但过程中又被删除了。

7. 解决办法

在快照未建立之前，HBase会定期清理archive目录下的数据。实测也正是如此，可将“org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.cleaner.CleanerChore”的DEBUG日志打开，以观察文件被删除痕迹（修改HBase的log4j.properties）。

log4j.logger.org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.cleaner.CleanerChore=DEBUG

 

CleanerChore线程清理archive目录是通过配置项hbase.master.hfilecleaner.ttl控制的，默认是5分钟（单位：毫秒），大表的文件迁移远超5分钟。将hbase.master.hfilecleaner.ttl调到两小时的足够大值后，问题消失。