不需挂载就能查看的命令：
1. file
[root@localhost dev]# file -s /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data (extents) (huge files)
2.parted
[root@localhost dev]# parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 1.8.8
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) print
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 32.3kB 206MB 206MB primary ext3 boot
2 206MB 21.5GB 21.3GB primary lvm
3.fdisk
[root@localhost dev]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0007c1e8
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 26 2610 20764012+ 8e Linux LVM
需要挂载才能查看的命令：
1.mount
[root@localhost dev]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 on / type ext3 (rw)
/proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
2.df
[root@localhost dev]# df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
ext3 18320140 3426724 13962808 20% /
/dev/sda1 ext3 194442 13480 170923 8% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 516908 0 516908 0% /dev/shm
3.stat
[root@localhost /]# stat -f bin
File: "bin"
ID: 3ef5d5f4a8cc1340 Namelen: 255 Type: ext2/ext3
Block size: 4096 Fundamental block size: 4096
Blocks: Total: 4580035 Free: 3723354 Available: 3490702
Inodes: Total: 1163264 Free: 1044678
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