LVS+Keepalived实现高可用和负载均衡

拓扑图：

实验ip规划

VIP：192.168.1.200

Real server1:192.168.1.195

Real server2:192.168.1.193

心跳线：10.1.1.1、10.1.1.2

DR1：192.168.1.192

DR2：192.168.1.1.190

 

实现过程

第一：在主节点上的配置

首先配置LVS

[root@localhost ~]# cd tools/

[root@localhost tools]# ls ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]# tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]# cd ipvsadm-1.24

[root@localhost ipvsadm-1.24]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5 /usr/src/linux/

[root@localhost ipvsadm-1.24]# make all && make install

然后安装配置keepalived

[root@localhost tools]# ls keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz

keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]# cd keepalived-1.2.2

[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.2]# vi keepalived/libipvs-2.6/ip_vs.h

找到下面一行：

#include         /* For __beXX types in userland */

把他放到下面一行的下面：

#include

[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.2]# make && make install

[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.2]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/

[root@localhost keepalived]# cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak   //备份

[root@localhost keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf    //修改设置档如下

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

   notification_email {

     [e-mail]

     [e-mail]

   }

   notification_email_from [e-mail]

   smtp_server 192.168.1.192

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state MASTER

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 100

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_typePASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.1.200

    }

}

 

virtual_server 192.168.1.200 80 {

    delay_loop 6

    lb_algo rr

    lb_kind DR

    nat_mask 255.255.255.0

    persistence_timeout 50

    protocol TCP

 

    real_server 192.168.1.193 80 {

        weight 1

        TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 10

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

        }

    }

    real_server 192.168.1.195 80 {

        weight 1

        TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 10

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

        }

    }

}

在备用节点上的设置和主节点基本完全相同（因为是提供相同的服务），仅仅需要修改的就是keepalived.con

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state BACKUP    //修改处

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 80        //修改处

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_typePASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

第二：在real server上的设置（两个real server基本相同，故这里只设置一个）

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html/

[root@localhost html]# vi index.html

It's 192.168.1.195!!

[root@localhost html]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/init.d/lvsrs

#!/bin/bash

VIP=192.168.1.200

/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP broadcast $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up

/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

sysctl -p

#end

[root@localhost ~]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/lvsrs

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/lvsrs start

第三：测试的部分(开启real server的apache服务)

[root@localhost ~]# ipvsadm

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP  192.168.1.200:http rr persistent 50

  -> 192.168.1.193:http           Route   1      0          0        

  -> 192.168.1.195:http           Route   1      0          0 

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

IE中访问不断刷新就能看到效果

另外可以人为的制造单点故障来测试，具体的过程参看/var/log/messages

总结：这是负载均衡学习的一个总结，接下来重点要就高可用的方案。

最后列出软件呢安装时出现的问题及其解决办法

1、

Keepalived安装错误一例(make错误)（本部分拾人牙慧）

/usr/include/sys/types.h:235: 错误：与 ‘blkcnt_t’ 类型冲突
/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-238.19.1.el5-i686//include/linux/types.h:142: 错误：‘blkcnt_t’ 的上一个声明在此
make[2]: *** [ip_vs_nl_policy.o] 错误 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.2/keepalived/libipvs-2.6'
make[1]: *** [all] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.2/keepalived'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
解决方法：
进入源码目录就是你解压的目录了：
cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.2

vi keepalived/libipvs-2.6/ip_vs.h
找到下面一行：
#include         /* For __beXX types in userland */

把他放到下面一行的下面：
#include

我想我说明白了，这是最新版本的问题，如果用keepalived-1.2.1则不会出现这个问题了

2、ipvsadm make时的错误

make[1]: gcc: Command not found
make[1]: *** [libipvs.o] Error 127
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/wss/lvs/ipvsadm-1.24/libipvs'
make: *** [libs] Error 2
[root@localhost ipvsadm-1.24]#
解决办法

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5 /usr/src/linux/

结束最后实验