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2009-07-29 18:48:55
struct kfifo { unsigned char *buffer; /* the buffer holding the data */ unsigned int size; /* the size of the allocated buffer */ unsigned int in; /* data is added at offset (in % size) */ unsigned int out; /* data is extracted from off. (out % size) */ spinlock_t *lock; /* protects concurrent modifications */ }; |
/** * kfifo_init - allocates a new FIFO using a preallocated buffer * @buffer: the preallocated buffer to be used. * @size: the size of the internal buffer, this have to be a power of 2. * @gfp_mask: get_free_pages mask, passed to kmalloc() * @lock: the lock to be used to protect the fifo buffer * * Do NOT pass the kfifo to kfifo_free() after use! Simply free the * &struct kfifo with kfree(). */ struct kfifo *kfifo_init(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int size, gfp_t gfp_mask, spinlock_t *lock) { struct kfifo *fifo; /* size must be a power of 2 */ BUG_ON(size & (size - 1)); //大小必须为2的k次方(k>0)的目的在于put/get中从虚拟索引计算真实索引,size & (size - 1)是常用判断技巧 fifo = kmalloc(sizeof(struct kfifo), gfp_mask); //分配kfifo数据结构 if (!fifo) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); fifo->buffer = buffer; fifo->size = size; fifo->in = fifo->out = 0; //当fifo->in == fifo->out 时,表示空队列 fifo->lock = lock; return fifo; } /** * kfifo_alloc - allocates a new FIFO and its internal buffer * @size: the size of the internal buffer to be allocated. * @gfp_mask: get_free_pages mask, passed to kmalloc() * @lock: the lock to be used to protect the fifo buffer * * The size will be rounded-up to a power of 2. */ //通过调用kfifo_alloc分配队列空间,该函数会调用kfifo_init初始化kfifo结构体,并调整size的大小以适应运算 struct kfifo *kfifo_alloc(unsigned int size, gfp_t gfp_mask, spinlock_t *lock) { unsigned char *buffer; struct kfifo *ret; /* * round up to the next power of 2, since our 'let the indices * wrap' tachnique works only in this case. */ if (size & (size - 1)) { //如果size不是2的k次方,代码将size调整最近的2^k次方附近 BUG_ON(size > 0x80000000); size = roundup_pow_of_two(size); } buffer = kmalloc(size, gfp_mask); if (!buffer) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); ret = kfifo_init(buffer, size, gfp_mask, lock); if (IS_ERR(ret)) kfree(buffer); return ret; } /** * __kfifo_put - puts some data into the FIFO, no locking version * @fifo: the fifo to be used. * @buffer: the data to be added. * @len: the length of the data to be added. * * This function copies at most @len bytes from the @buffer into * the FIFO depending on the free space, and returns the number of * bytes copied. * * Note that with only one concurrent reader and one concurrent * writer, you don't need extra locking to use these functions. */ unsigned int __kfifo_put(struct kfifo *fifo, unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int len) { unsigned int l; //fifo->size - fifo->in + fifo->out,这段代码计算空闲的空间 //in是写索引,out是读索引,而且put与get操作都是分别增加in与out的值来重新计算虚拟索引 //注意,out 始终不会大于 in,(in - out)是有效数据空间大小,size是总空间的大小 //那么空闲的空间大小就是 size - (int - out) //如果请求的len大于空闲空间,就使len = size - (int - out) len = min(len, fifo->size - fifo->in + fifo->out); /* * Ensure that we sample the fifo->out index -before- we * start putting bytes into the kfifo. */ smp_mb(); /* first put the data starting from fifo->in to buffer end */ //(fifo->in & (fifo->size - 1))这段代码计算真实的写索引偏移,笔者假设为real_in //这是因为in在每次调用put之后都会增加一个len的长度 //由于fifo->size必定是2的k次方,而(fifo->size - 1)就是类似0x00FFFFF的值 //(fifo->in & (fifo->size - 1))的操作从数学角度将就是对长度fifo->size的取模运算 //这里能用AND运算代替取模运算得益于前面申请的空间大小为2^k次方 //l = min(空闲空间大小,从real_in开始到缓冲区结尾的空间) l = min(len, fifo->size - (fifo->in & (fifo->size - 1))); //先从buffer中拷贝l字节到缓冲区剩余空间,l<=len,也<=从real_in开始到缓冲区结尾的空间 //所以这个copy可能没拷贝完,但是不会造成缓冲区越界 memcpy(fifo->buffer + (fifo->in & (fifo->size - 1)), buffer, l); /* then put the rest (if any) at the beginning of the buffer */ //当len > l时,拷贝buffer中剩余的内容,其实地址当然为buffer + l,而剩余的大小为len - l //当len == l时,下面的memcpy啥都不干,绝对精妙的算法 memcpy(fifo->buffer, buffer + l, len - l); /* * Ensure that we add the bytes to the kfifo -before- * we update the fifo->in index. */ smp_wmb(); //更新in(写者)的逻辑索引 fifo->in += len; return len; } /** * __kfifo_get - gets some data from the FIFO, no locking version * @fifo: the fifo to be used. * @buffer: where the data must be copied. * @len: the size of the destination buffer. * * This function copies at most @len bytes from the FIFO into the * @buffer and returns the number of copied bytes. * * Note that with only one concurrent reader and one concurrent * writer, you don't need extra locking to use these functions. */ unsigned int __kfifo_get(struct kfifo *fifo, unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int len) { unsigned int l; //读取的大小不能超过有效空间长度 //经过min运算后len <= 请求的空间len, len <= size len = min(len, fifo->in - fifo->out); /* * Ensure that we sample the fifo->in index -before- we * start removing bytes from the kfifo. */ smp_rmb(); /* first get the data from fifo->out until the end of the buffer */ //同理,fifo->out & (fifo->size - 1)等于out(读者)的虚拟索引计算出来真实索引real_out //fifo->size - real_out就等于该索引到缓冲区尾部的空间大小 //经过min运算后,l<=len,l<=real_out至缓冲区尾部的空间大小 l = min(len, fifo->size - (fifo->out & (fifo->size - 1))); //从real_out开始拷贝l字节内容到buffer中 memcpy(buffer, fifo->buffer + (fifo->out & (fifo->size - 1)), l); /* then get the rest (if any) from the beginning of the buffer */ //如果l //如果l == len,memcpy啥都不干 memcpy(buffer + l, fifo->buffer, len - l); /* * Ensure that we remove the bytes from the kfifo -before- * we update the fifo->out index. */ smp_mb(); //更新out(读者)的虚拟索引 fifo->out += len; return len; } |