本文讲利用MySQL源码安装MySQL并用mysqld_multi配置多实例。
1、下载MySQL源码安装版本
到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载,本文下载的是5.1版本
2、解压安装
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tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
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./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8
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--with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler
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--with-readline --with-big-tables
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--with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5
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make && make install
3、添加用户和用户组
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groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组
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useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下
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chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性
4、初始化数据目录
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#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录
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ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi
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ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
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#初始化四个数据目录
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mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql
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mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql
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mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql
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mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql
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#修改属性
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chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1
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chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2
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chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3
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chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4
5、配置多实例启动脚本
从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下
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cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server
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#修改basedir和bindir为安装路径
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basedir=/usr/local/mysql
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bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
6、配置多实例数据库配置文件
用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法,命令为:mysqld_multi --example
在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf,把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去,修改相应属性,如:mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。
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[mysqld_multi]
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mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
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mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
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#user = mysql
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#password = my_password
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[mysqld1]
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socket = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock
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port = 3306
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pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid
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datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql1
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#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
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user = mysql
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[mysqld2]
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socket = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock
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port = 3307
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pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid
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datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql2
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#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
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user = mysql
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[mysqld3]
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socket = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock
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port = 3308
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pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid
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datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql3
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#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
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user = mysql
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[mysqld4]
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socket = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock
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port = 3309
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pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid
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datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql4
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#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
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user = mysql
7、启动多实例数据库
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将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里
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export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
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#查看数据库状态
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mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report
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#结果都为没有运行
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Reporting MySQL servers
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MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
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MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
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MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
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MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running
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#启动
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mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start
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#结果为
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Reporting MySQL servers
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MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
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MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
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MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
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MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running
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#启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等
8、查看运行结果
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#查看相应端口是否已经被监听
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netstat -tunlp
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#查看是否有活动进程
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ps -aux|grep mysql
9、登录相应数据库
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#进入端口为3306的数据库
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mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306
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#通过sock文件登录
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mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock
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#查看socket文件
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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';
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#查看pid文件
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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';
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转自:http://chenzehe.iteye.com/blog/1266260
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