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2012-03-19 12:38:20

这些你都知道吗?以后给老外作报告的时候可千万别再“The equation is like this…”, “The value is like this…”

有些公式不好写,能看出来什么意思就行了。

1.Logic

there exist

for all

pq p implies q / if p, then q

pq p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent

2.Sets

xA x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A

xA x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A

AB A is contained in B / A is a subset of B

AB A contains B / B is a subset of A

AB A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B

AB A cup B / A join B / A union B

A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B

A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B

3. Real numbers

x+1 x plus one

x-1 x minus one

x±1 x plus or minus one

xy xy / x multiplied by y

(x-y)(x+y) x minus y, x plus y

= the equals sign

x=5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5

x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5

xy x is equivalent to (or identical with) y

x>y x is greater than y

x≥y x is greater than or equal to y

xx is less than y

x≤y x is less than or equal to y

0zero is less than x is less than 1

0≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1

|x| mod x / modulus x

x2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2

x3 x cubed

x4 x to the fourth / x to the power 4

xn x to the nth / x to the power n

x (−n) x to the (power) minus n

x的平方根(square) root x / the square root of x

x的三次根cube root (of) x

x的四次根fourth root (of) x

xn次根nth root (of) x

(x+y)2 x plus y all squared

n! n factorial

x^x hat

x bar

x tilde

xi xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i

∑(i=1~n) ai the sum from i equals one to n ai / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the ai

4. Linear algebra

xthe norm (or modulus) of x

OAOA / vector OA

OA¯ OA / the length of the segment OA

AT A transpose / the transpose of A

A−1 A inverse / the inverse of A

5. Functions

f(x) fx / f of x / the function f of x

f:ST a function f from S to T

xy x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to y

f’(x) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to x

f”(x) f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to x

f”’(x) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to x

f (4) (x) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x

∂f/∂x1 the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1

2f/∂x12 the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1

0 the integral from zero to infinity

limx0the limit as x approaches zero

limx0+the limit as x approaches zero from above

limx0−the limit as x approaches zero from below

logey log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y

lny log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y

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