fsck
fsck:
/sbin/fsck this is the real path
it only the uperuser have the permission to running the command,check filesystems for errors and optionally correct them.
-A run checks on all filesystems specified in /etc/fstab. this option is intended for use at boot time.before filesystem mounted
-N don't executed.but showed what would be done
-t type specify the type of filesystem to check.the default is ext2.the value of type determines which filesystem-specified checker is called.
frequently used for esfsck
-b superblock
use an alternative copy of the superclock. in interactive mode.
-c check for bad blocks
-f force a chec.even if the filesystem looks clean
-p automatically repair the filesystem without prompting
-y answer "yes" to all interactive prompts,allowing e2fsck to be used noninteractively
example:
/sbin/fsck /dev/hda5
mount
mount [command_lines_options] device
mount [command_lines_options] directory
mount [command_lines_options] device directory
command-lines options
-a 挂载/etc/fstab中所有的分区，除了含有noauto选项
-h 显示挂载帮助
-o mount_options 在命令行说明挂载选项
-r 挂载文件系统为只读
-t fstype 指明挂载的文件系统类型，这个选项是一个交互式的使用，用在/etc/fstab文件中没有挂载的设备
-v 设置为详细模式
-w 挂载文件系统为读写模式
mount options
async 建立一个异步的输入输出模式,相反的是sync
auto 当系统重启或运行带-a命令行选项时，挂载文件系统，相反的是noauto
defautlts 通常用在ext2, ext3上，包含rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser and sync.
dev 在文件系统上解释字符和块设备
exec 在已挂载分区中启用程序执行，相反的是noexec
noauto 禁止带-a选项的自动挂载
noexec 禁止可执行程序的执行，是一种潜在的安全衡量
nosuid 禁用suid,sgid在可执行程序上
nouser 禁用普通用户有挂载和卸载的权限
ro 等价于命令行选项的-r
rw 等价命令行选项的-w
suid 启用suid,sgid在可执行程序上
sync 建立一个同步的输入输出模式,
user 允许一个普通用户挂载文件系统，但不允许其它的普通用户卸载这个文件系统。
users 允许任一个用户挂载和卸载文件系统
filesystem types
ext2 msdos vfat iso9660 nfs swap proc
for example
mount -t iso9660 /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrom
mount -rt iso9660 /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrom
mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /floppy
umount
unmount the filesystem on device or mounted on directory
-a unmounts all of the filesystems describe in /etc/mtab.this file is maintained by the mount and umount commands and contain an up-to-date list of mounted filesystems.this option is typically used at shutdown time.
-t fstype
unmount only filesystems of type fstype
for example
mount /cdrom or mount /dev/hdc mount -at ntfs uomunt all NTFS filesystems
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