Note that 4.2 has install ISO files for most architectures. They are
roughly 230MB in size. If you choose to use those, please avoid also
fetching the base42.tgz, and other such files, since they are included
in the ISO image. If you choose to NOT use the ISO image, then.. well
it's kind of obvious. There is no need to put double the load onto the
ftp mirrors.
Enjoy.
Nov 1, 2007.
We are pleased to announce the official release of OpenBSD 4.2.
This is our 22nd release on CD-ROM (and 23rd via FTP). We remain
proud of OpenBSD's record of more than ten years with only two remote
holes in the default install.
We dedicate this release to the memory of long-time developer
Jun-ichiro "itojun" Itoh Hagino, who focused his life on IPv6
deployment for everyone. Without his BSD and IETF participation, IPv6
would not be where it is today. Only now people are becoming aware of
his numerous contributions because he took credit for much less than
he accomplished. The developers in our project will all miss him.
As in our previous releases, 4.2 provides significant improvements,
including new features, in nearly all areas of the system:
- New/extended platforms:
o OpenBSD/sparc64.
The PCIe UltraSPARC IIIi machines like the V215 and V245 are
now supported.
o OpenBSD/hppa.
Four-digit B/C/J-class workstations like the B2000, C3750 or J6750
are now supported (in 32-bit mode).
o OpenBSD/alpha.
Add support in the alpha platform for a couple of new Alpha models,
AlphaServer 1200 and 4100.
- Platforms skipped this release:
o OpenBSD/sgi.
This architecture will not be released this time.
- Install/Upgrade process changes:
o New install method!!
For the most popular architectures, the FTP sites have a ~200MB
install ISO file, which contains the base set, permitting
non-network installs.
o Allow the specification of an NTP server during installation.
o Allow no fsck'ing of clean non-root partitions during upgrade.
o Check for INSTALL.
to confirm sets are for the correct
architecture.
o Create and format the MSDOS partition for macppc installs
in a more flexible and reliable way.
- Improved hardware support, including:
o Native Serial-ATA support:
o ahci(4) driver for SATA controllers conforming to the Advanced
Host Controller Interface specification.
o jmb(4) driver for the JMicron JMB36x SATA II and PATA Host Controller.
o sili(4) driver for SATA controllers using the Silicon Image
3124/3132/3531 SATALink chipsets.
o The pciide(4) driver has had support added for newer chipsets, including:
o Intel ICH8M PATA
o JMicron JMB36x PATA
o VIA CX700/VX700 PATA
o The lm(4) driver now supports Winbond W83627DHG and W83627EHF-A
Super I/O Hardware Monitors.
o The siop(4) driver now has support for NCR 53C720/770 controllers in
big endian mode. In particular this means that the onboard Fast-Wide
SCSI on many hppa machines is supported now.
o New tht(4) driver for Tehuti Networks 10Gb Ethernet controllers.
o The malo(4) driver now supports Marvell 88W8385 802.11g based
Compact Flash devices.
o New uts(4) driver for USB touch screens, supported by the xtsscale(1)
calibration utility.
o The i810(4) X.Org driver and the PCI AGP driver now support
Intel i965GM chips.
o New led(4) driver for the front panel LEDs on the V215/245.
o New bbc(4) driver providing support for the BootBus Controllers in
UltraSparc III systems.
o New pmc(4) driver for the watchdog(4) timer on the National Semiconductor
PC87317 SuperIO chip.
o New pyro(4) driver for the SPARC64 Host/PCIe bridge.
o New astro(4) driver for the Astro Memory and I/O controller on hppa.
o New elroy(4) driver for the Elroy PCI hostbridge on hppa.
o New lcd(4) driver for the front panel LCD display on hppa.
o New ssio(4) driver for the National Semiconductor PC87560 Legacy IO on
hppa.
o New pxammc(4) driver for the MMC/SD/SDIO controller on zaurus.
o New xlights(4) driver for the front panel lights on the Xserve G4.
o New sysbutton(4) driver for the system identification button on
the Xserve G4.
o New piixpcib(4) driver for System Management Mode initiated speedstep
frequency scaling on certain pairings of the Intel PIIX4 ISA bridges
and Intel Pentium 3 processors.
o CPU frequency and voltage can now be scaled on all CPUs when running
GENERIC.MP on a multiprocessor i386 or AMD64 machine with enhanced
speedstep or powernow.
o Intel enhanced speedstep is now supported on OpenBSD/amd64.
o New support for the on die CPU temperature sensor found on the
Intel Core family of processors.
o The nvram(4) driver is now available on OpenBSD/amd64.
- New tools:
o cwm(1) has replaced wm2 as a simple-looking low-resource window manager.
o zless(1), view compressed files with less(1).
o mount_vnd(8), a utility to configure vnode disks from fstab(5).
- New functionality:
o FFS2, the updated version of the fast file system.
o ftp(1) now can send cookies loaded from a netscape-like cookiejar,
supports proxies requiring a password, and has a keep-alive option
to avoid over-aggressive control connection dropping.
o pkg_add(1) has been vastly improved. It is more robust, outputs more
consistent error messages, and can deal with a lot more update
scenarios gracefully. It also has much better look-up capabilities for
multiple entries in PKG_PATH, stopping at the first directory with
suitable candidates.
o ftp-proxy(8) is now able to automatically tag packets passing through
the pf(4) rule with a supplied name.
o Kernel work queues, workq_add_task(9), workq_create(9),
workq_destroy(9) provides a mechanism to defer tasks to a process
context when it is impossible to run such a task in the current context.
o ifconfig(8) now understands IP address/mask in CIDR notation.
o Add IP (v4 and v6) load balancing to carp(4), similar to the
ARP balancing.
o sensorsd(8) now supports a zero-configuration monitoring and has
a more intuitive logging for all sensors that automatically provide
sensor state. It also features advancements in user-specified
monitoring, including monitoring of sensors that are periodically
flagged as invalid.
o sensorsd.conf(5) now supports sensor matching by sensor type,
allowing easier configuration.
o The i386 bootloader can now load amd64 kernels.
o The amd64 bootloader can now load i386 kernels.
- Assorted improvements and code cleanup:
o Large (>1TB) disk and partition support in the disklabel and buffer
cache code and in the userland utilities that manipulate disk blocks.
Note that some parts of the system are not 64-bit disk block clean
yet, so partitions larger than 2TB cannot be used at the moment.
o Large (>232-1 sectors) SCSI disk sizes now probed.
o Thread support for the Objective-C library (libobjc).
o carp route handling has been fixed, solving some problems the
routing daemons were exhibiting.
o Various improvements in pf increase performance drastically,
stateful passing more than twice as fast than before.
o A change in how the kernel random pool is stirred increases performance
with network interface cards that support interrupt mitigation a lot.
o i386 TLB handling improved to avoid possible corruption on
Core2Duo processors.
o Rework TLB shootdown code for i386 and amd64, gives fairly large speed
improvements.
o i386 and amd64 use the BIOS disk geometry when creating default
disklabels.
o Default disk geometry changed from 64 heads/32 sectors to
255 heads/63 sectors.
o More USB devices with various quirks coerced to work.
o Archive/Wangtek cartridge tape drives (wt*) no longer supported.
o rcs has improved GNU compatibility.
o make(1) has improved stability of -j option.
- OpenSSH 4.7:
o Prevent ssh(1) from using a trusted X11 cookie if creation of an
untrusted cookie fails.
o sshd(8) in new installations defaults to SSH Protocol 2 only.
Existing installations are unchanged.
o The SSH channel window size has been increased, and both ssh(1)
sshd(8) now send window updates more aggressively. These improves
performance on high-BDP (Bandwidth Delay Product) networks.
o ssh(1) and sshd(8) now preserve MAC contexts between packets, which
saves 2 hash calls per packet and results in 12-16% speedup for
arcfour256/hmac-md5.
o A new MAC algorithm has been added, UMAC-64 (RFC4418) as
"umac-64@openssh.com". UMAC-64 has been measured to be
approximately 20% faster than HMAC-MD5.
o A -K flag was added to ssh(1) to set GSSAPIAuthentication=Yes
o Failure to establish a ssh(1) TunnelForward is now treated as a
fatal error when the ExitOnForwardFailure option is set.
o ssh(1) returns a sensible exit status if the control master goes
away without passing the full exit status.
- OpenBGPD 4.2:
o Include support for Four-octet AS Number Space.
o Allow matching on communities using 0 in the AS part.
o Filtering on IPv6 prefixes is now possible.
o Various bugs in the encoding of multiprotocol updates were fixed.
o Allow the use of pkill -HUP bgpd to reload the config.
o bgpctl can filter prefix output by community now.
- OpenOSPFD 4.2:
o Added support for RFC 3137: OSPF Stub Router Advertisement.
o It is possible to specify a carp demote group on interfaces and areas.
o Added support for mapping route labels to AS-external route
tags and vice versa.
o Allow the use of pkill -HUP ospfd to reload the config.
- HostStated 4.2:
o Added support for Layer 7 load balancing (or relay).
o Added support for reloading through hoststatectl or SIGHUP.
o Added support for testing name-based virtual hosts.
- Over 4,500 ports, minor robustness improvements in package tools.
o Many pre-built packages for each architecture:
i386: 4360 sparc64: 4205 alpha: 3779 sh: 817
amd64: 4283 powerpc: 4230 sparc: 3283 m68k: 1107
arm: 2131 hppa: 3215
o Highlights include:
o Gnome 2.18.
o GNUstep 1.14.
o KDE 3.5.7 and koffice 1.6.3.
o Xfce 4.4.1.
o OpenMotif 2.3.0.
o OpenOffice.org 2.2.1.
o Mozilla Firefox 2.0.0.6.
o PostgreSQL 8.2.4.
o GHC 6.6.1 (amd64 and i386 only)
- As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.
- The system includes the following major components from outside
suppliers:
o Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.2 + patches, freetype 2.2.1,
fontconfig 2.4.2, expat 2.0.0, Mesa 6.5.2, xterm 225 and more)
o Gcc 2.95.3 (+ patches) and 3.3.5 (+ patches)
o Perl 5.8.8 (+ patches)
o Our improved and secured version of Apache 1.3, with SSL/TLS and DSO
support
o OpenSSL 0.9.7j (+ patches)
o Groff 1.15
o Sendmail 8.14.1, with libmilter
o Bind 9.3.4 (+ patches)
o Lynx 2.8.5rel.4 with HTTPS and IPv6 support (+ patches)
o Sudo 1.6.9p4
o Ncurses 5.2
o Latest KAME IPv6
o Heimdal 0.7.2 (+ patches)
o Arla 0.35.7
o Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)
o Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
If you'd like to see a list of what has changed between OpenBSD 4.1
and 4.2, look at
Even though the list is a summary of the most important changes
made to OpenBSD, it still is a very very long list.
We provide patches for known security threats and other important
issues discovered after each CD release. As usual, between the
creation of the OpenBSD 4.2 FTP/CD-ROM binaries and the actual 4.2
release date, our team found and fixed some new reliability problems
(note: most are minor and in subsystems that are not enabled by
default). Our continued research into security means we will find
new security problems -- and we always provide patches as soon as
possible. Therefore, we advise regular visits to
http://www.OpenBSD.org/security.html
and
Security patch announcements are sent to the security-announce@OpenBSD.org
mailing list. For information on OpenBSD mailing lists, please see:
OpenBSD 4.2 is also available on CD-ROM. The 3-CD set costs $50USD
(EUR 50 including VAT) and is available via mail order and from a number
of contacts around the world. The set includes a colourful booklet
which carefully explains the installation of OpenBSD. A new set
of cute little stickers is also included (sorry, but our FTP mirror
sites do not support STP, the Sticker Transfer Protocol). As an
added bonus, the second CD contains an audio track, a song entitled
"100001 1010101".
Lyrics (and an explanation) for the songs may be found at:
Profits from CD sales are the primary income source for the OpenBSD
project -- in essence selling these CD-ROM units ensures that OpenBSD
will continue to make another release six months from now.
The OpenBSD 4.2 CD-ROMs are bootable on the following four platforms:
o i386
o amd64
o macppc
o sparc64
(Other platforms must boot from floppy, network, or other method).
For more information on ordering CD-ROMs, see:
The above web page lists a number of places where OpenBSD CD-ROMs
can be purchased from. For our default mail order, go directly to:
or, for European orders:
All of our developers strongly urge you to buy a CD-ROM and support
our future efforts. Additionally, donations to the project are
highly appreciated, as described in more detail at:
For those unable to make their contributions as straightforward gifts,
the OpenBSD Foundation () is a Canadian
not-for-profit corporation that can accept larger contributions and
issue receipts. In some situations, their receipt may qualify as a
business expense writeoff, so this is certainly a consideration for
some organizations or businesses. There may also be exposure benefits
since the Foundation may be interested in participating in press releases.
In turn, the Foundation then uses these contributions to assist OpenBSD's
infrastructure needs. Contact the foundation directors at
for more information.
The project continues to expand its funding base by selling t-shirts
and polo shirts. And our users like them too. We have a variety
of shirts available, with the new and old designs, from our web
ordering system at:
and for Europe:
The OpenBSD 4.2 t-shirts are available now. The new shirt for 4.2 has
a newly drawn version of Puffy (the blowfish) on a simple black shirt.
We also sell our older shirts, as well as a selection of OpenSSH t-shirts.
If you choose not to buy an OpenBSD CD-ROM, OpenBSD can be easily
installed via FTP. Typically you need a single small piece of boot
media (e.g., a boot floppy) and then the rest of the files can be
installed from a number of locations, including directly off the
Internet. Follow this simple set of instructions to ensure that
you find all of the documentation you will need while performing
an install via FTP. With the CD-ROMs, the necessary documentation
is easier to find.
1) Read either of the following two files for a list of ftp
mirrors which provide OpenBSD, then choose one near you:
As of Nov 1, 2007, the following ftp mirror sites have the 4.2 release:
Austria
Sweden
NYC, USA
CO, USA
CA, USA
IL, USA
The release is also available at the master site:
Alberta, Canada
However it is strongly suggested you use a mirror.
Other mirror sites may take a day or two to update.
2) Connect to that ftp mirror site and go into the directory
pub/OpenBSD/4.2/ which contains these files and directories.
This is a list of what you will see:
ANNOUNCEMENT amd64/ macppc/ sys.tar.gz
Changelogs/ armish/ mvme68k/ tools/
HARDWARE ftplist packages/ vax/
PACKAGES hp300/ ports.tar.gz xenocara.tar.gz
PORTS hppa/ root.mail zaurus/
README i386/ sparc/
SIZES landisk/ sparc64/
alpha/ mac68k/ src.tar.gz
It is quite likely that you will want at LEAST the following
files which apply to all the architectures OpenBSD supports.
README - generic README
HARDWARE - list of hardware we support
PORTS - description of our "ports" tree
PACKAGES - description of pre-compiled packages
root.mail - a copy of root's mail at initial login.
(This is really worthwhile reading).
3) Read the README file. It is short, and a quick read will make
sure you understand what else you need to fetch.
4) Next, go into the directory that applies to your architecture,
for example, i386. This is a list of what you will see:
INSTALL.i386 cd42.iso floppyB42.fs pxeboot*
INSTALL.linux cdboot* floppyC42.fs xbase42.tgz
MD5 cdbr* game42.tgz xetc42.tgz
base42.tgz cdemu42.iso index.txt xfont42.tgz
bsd* comp42.tgz install42.iso xserv42.tgz
bsd.mp* etc42.tgz man42.tgz xshare42.tgz
bsd.rd* floppy42.fs misc42.tgz
If you are new to OpenBSD, fetch _at least_ the file INSTALL.i386
and the appropriate floppy*.fs or install42.iso files. Consult the
INSTALL.i386 file if you don't know which of the floppy images
you need (or simply fetch all of them).
If you use the install42.iso file (roughly 200MB in size), then you
do not need the various *.tgz files since they are contained on that
one-step ISO-format install CD.
5) If you are an expert, follow the instructions in the file called
README; otherwise, use the more complete instructions in the
file called INSTALL.i386. INSTALL.i386 may tell you that you
need to fetch other files.
6) Just in case, take a peek at:
This is the page where we talk about the mistakes we made while
creating the 4.2 release, or the significant bugs we fixed
post-release which we think our users should have fixes for.
Patches and workarounds are clearly described there.
Note: If you end up needing to write a raw floppy using Windows,
you can use "fdimage.exe" located in the pub/OpenBSD/4.2/tools
directory to do so.
X.Org has been integrated more closely into the system. This release
contains X.Org 7.2.0. Most of our architectures ship with X.Org, including
amd64, sparc, sparc64 and macppc. During installation, you can install
X.Org quite easily. Be sure to try out xdm(1) and see how we have
customized it for OpenBSD.
The OpenBSD ports tree contains automated instructions for building
third party software. The software has been verified to build and
run on the various OpenBSD architectures. The 4.2 ports collection,
including many of the distribution files, is included on the 3-CD
set. Please see the PORTS file for more information.
Note: some of the most popular ports, e.g., the Apache web server
and several X applications, come standard with OpenBSD. Also, many
popular ports have been pre-compiled for those who do not desire
to build their own binaries (see BINARY PACKAGES, below).
A large number of binary packages are provided. Please see the PACKAGES
file () for more details.
The CD-ROMs contain source code for all the subsystems explained
above, and the README ()
file explains how to deal with these source files. For those who
are doing an FTP install, the source code for all four subsystems
can be found in the pub/OpenBSD/4.2/ directory:
xenocara.tar.gz ports.tar.gz src.tar.gz sys.tar.gz
OpenBSD 4.2 includes artwork and CD artistic layout by Ty Semaka,
who also arranged an audio track on the OpenBSD 4.2 CD set. Ports
tree and package building by Antoine Jacoutot, Peter Valchev,
Robert Nagy and Christian Weisgerber. System builds by Theo de Raadt,
Kenji Aoyama, and Miod Vallat. X11 builds by Todd Fries. ISO-9660
filesystem layout by Theo de Raadt.
We would like to thank all of the people who sent in bug reports, bug
fixes, donation cheques, and hardware that we use. We would also like
to thank those who pre-ordered the 4.2 CD-ROM or bought our previous
CD-ROMs. Those who did not support us financially have still helped
us with our goal of improving the quality of the software.
Our developers are:
Alexandre Anriot, Antoine Jacoutot, Aleksander Piotrowski,
Kenji Aoyama, Artur Grabowski, Anil Madhavapeddy, Bob Beck,
Bernd Ahlers, Bjorn Sandell, Alexander Bluhm, Camiel Dobbelaar,
Can Erkin Acar, David Cathcart, Charles Longeau, Chris Kuethe,
Claudio Jeker, Chad Loder, Constantine A. Murenin, Damien Couderc,
Damien Bergamini, Dan Harnett, David Collins, David Krause,
David Berghoff, Deanna Phillips, Theo de Raadt, Daniel Hartmeier,
David Hill, Dimitry Andric, Damien Miller, David Gwynne,
Don Stewart, Dale Rahn, Darren Tucker, Eric Faurot, Marc Espie,
Federico G. Schwindt, Felix Kronlage, Mike Frantzen, Gilles Chehade
Alexander Yurchenko, Alexander von Gernler, Gordon Willem Klok,
Henning Brauer, Henric Jungheim, Hans Insulander, Hakan Olsson,
Hans-Joerg Hoexer, Hugh Graham, Ian Darwin,
Jun-ichiro "itojun" Itoh Hagino, Jakob Schlyter, Jared Yanovich,
Jason Wright, Jacob Meuser, Jasper Lievisse Adriaanse, Joshua Stein,
Jason Dixon, Janne Johansson, Jason McIntyre, Joel Knight,
Jolan Luff, Jordan Hargrave, Joris Vink, Jonathan Gray,
Jan-Uwe Finck, Mark Kettenis, Kevin Lo, Matthias Kilian,
Kenjiro Cho, Kjell Wooding, Kenneth R Westerback, Kurt Miller,
Mats O Jansson, Marco S Hyman, Marco Peereboom, Marc Matteo,
Markus Friedl, Martin Reindl, Martynas Venckus, Matthieu Herrb,
Marc Balmer, Ryan Thomas McBride, Michael Erdely, Marcus Glocker,
Moritz Grimm, Michele Marchetto, Todd C. Miller, Miod Vallat,
Michael Coulter, Michael Knudsen, Moritz Jodeit,
Marco Pfatschbacher, Mathieu Sauve-Frankel, Christian Weisgerber,
Nathan Binkert, Niall O'Higgins, Nick Holland, Nils Nordman,
Esben Norby, Thomas Nordin, Otto Moerbeek, Christopher Pascoe,
Patrick Latifi, Philipp Buehler, Peter Valchev,
Pierre-Yves Ritschard, Alexandre Ratchov, Ray Lai, Robert Nagy,
Reyk Floeter, Rui Reis, Saad Kadhi, Simon Bertrang,
Stephen Kirkham, Igor Sobrado, Steven Mestdagh, Kevin Steves,
Stuart Henderson, Nikolay Sturm, Ted Unangst,
Thordur I. Bjornsson, Tobias Stoeckmann, Todd T. Fries,
Tom Cosgrove, Uwe Stuehler, Tobias Weingartner, Peter Stromberg,
Marc Winiger, Wim Vandeputte, Xavier Santolaria.
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