David Rayner () 15 Years of Vi + 7 years of Vim and still learning 12Oct10 : Last Update
__BEGIN__ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ " new items marked *N* , corrected items marked *C* " searching /joe/e : cursor set to End of match 3/joe/e+1 : find 3rd joe cursor set to End of match plus 1 *C* /joe/s-2 : cursor set to Start of match minus 2 /joe/+3 : find joe move cursor 3 lines down /^joe.*fred.*bill/ : find joe AND fred AND Bill (Joe at start of line) /^[A-J]/ : search for lines beginning with one or more A-J /begin\_.*end : search over possible multiple lines /fred\_s*joe/ : any whitespace including newline *C* /fred\|joe : Search for FRED OR JOE /.*fred\&.*joe : Search for FRED AND JOE in any ORDER! /\/ : search for fred but not alfred or frederick *C* /\<\d\d\d\d\> : Search for exactly 4 digit numbers /\D\d\d\d\d\D : Search for exactly 4 digit numbers /\<\d\{4}\> : same thing /\([^0-9]\|^\)%.*% : Search for absence of a digit or beginning of line " finding empty lines /^\n\{3} : find 3 empty lines /^str.*\nstr : find 2 successive lines starting with str /\(^str.*\n\)\{2} : find 2 successive lines starting with str " using rexexp memory in a search /\(fred\).*\(joe\).*\2.*\1 " Repeating the Regexp (rather than what the Regexp finds) /^\([^,]*,\)\{8} " visual searching :vmap // y/" : search for visually highlighted text :vmap // y/=escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]') : with spec chars " \zs and \ze regex delimiters :h /\zs /<\zs[^>]*\ze> : search for tag contents, ignoring chevrons " zero-width :h /\@= /<\@<=[^>]*>\@= : search for tag contents, ignoring chevrons /<\@<=\_[^>]*>\@= : search for tags across possible multiple lines " searching over multiple lines \_ means including newline / : search for multiple line comments /fred\_s*joe/ : any whitespace including newline *C* /bugs\(\_.\)*bunny : bugs followed by bunny anywhere in file :h \_ : help " search for declaration of subroutine/function under cursor :nmap gx yiw/^\(sub\function\)\s\+" " multiple file search :bufdo /searchstr/ : use :rewind to recommence search " multiple file search better but cheating :bufdo %s/searchstr/&/gic : say n and then a to stop " How to search for a URL without backslashing ? : (first) search BACKWARDS!!! clever huh! " Specify what you are NOT searching for (vowels) /\c\v([^aeiou]&\a){4} : search for 4 consecutive consonants /\%>20l\%<30lgoat : Search for goat between lines 20 and 30 *N* /^.\{-}home.\{-}\zshome/e : match only the 2nd occurence in a line of "home" *N* :%s/home.\{-}\zshome/alone : Substitute only the occurrence of home in any line *N* " find str but not on lines containing tongue ^\(.*tongue.*\)\@!.*nose.*$ \v^((tongue)@!.)*nose((tongue)@!.)*$ .*nose.*\&^\%(\%(tongue\)\@!.\)*$ :v/tongue/s/nose/&/gic "---------------------------------------- "substitution :%s/fred/joe/igc : general substitute command :%s//joe/igc : Substitute what you last searched for *N* :%s/~/sue/igc : Substitute your last replacement string *N* :%s/\r//g : Delete DOS returns ^M " Is your Text File jumbled onto one line? use following :%s/\r/\r/g : Turn DOS returns ^M into real returns :%s= *$== : delete end of line blanks :%s= \+$== : Same thing :%s#\s*\r\?$## : Clean both trailing spaces AND DOS returns :%s#\s*\r*$## : same thing " deleting empty lines :%s/^\n\{3}// : delete blocks of 3 empty lines :%s/^\n\+/\r/ : compressing empty lines :%s#<[^>]\+>##g : delete html tags, leave text (non-greedy) :%s#<\_.\{-1,}>##g : delete html tags possibly multi-line (non-greedy) :%s#.*\(\d\+hours\).*#\1# : Delete all but memorised string (\1) *N* %s#><\([^/]\)#>\r<\1#g : split jumbled up XML file into one tag per line *N* " VIM Power Substitute :'a,'bg/fred/s/dick/joe/igc : VERY USEFUL " duplicating columns :%s= [^ ]\+$=&&= : duplicate end column :%s= \f\+$=&&= : same thing :%s= \S\+$=&& : usually the same " memory %s#.*\(tbl_\w\+\).*#\1# : produce a list of all strings tbl_* *N* :s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2 : \1/ : reverse fields separated by : :%s/^\(.*\)\n\1$/\1/ : delete duplicate lines " non-greedy matching \{-} :%s/^.\{-}pdf/new.pdf/ : delete to 1st occurence of pdf only (non-greedy) " use of optional atom \? :%s#\<[zy]\?tbl_[a-z_]\+\>#\L&#gc : lowercase with optional leading characters " over possibly many lines :%s/// : delete possibly multi-line comments :help /\{-} : help non-greedy " substitute using a register :s/fred/a/g : sub "fred" with contents of register "a" :s/fred/asome_texts/g :s/fred/\=@a/g : better alternative as register not displayed " multiple commands on one line :%s/\f\+\.gif\>/\r&\r/g | v/\.gif$/d | %s/gif/jpg/ :%s/a/but/gie|:update|:next : then use @: to repeat " ORing :%s/goat\|cow/sheep/gc : ORing (must break pipe) :'a,'bs#\[\|\]##g : remove [] from lines between markers a and b *N* :%s/\v(.*\n){5}/&\r : insert a blank line every 5 lines *N* " Calling a VIM function :s/__date__/\=strftime("%c")/ : insert datestring " Working with Columns sub any str1 in col3 :%s:\(\(\w\+\s\+\)\{2}\)str1:\1str2: " Swapping first & last column (4 columns) :%s:\(\w\+\)\(.*\s\+\)\(\w\+\)$:\3\2\1: " format a mysql query :%s#\\|\\|\\|\<\inner join\>#\r&#g " filter all form elements into paste register :redir @*|sil exec 'g#<\(input\|select\|textarea\|/\=form\)\>#p'|redir END :nmap ,z :redir @*sil exec 'g@<\(input\select\textarea\/\=form\)\>@p'redir END " substitute string in column 30 *N* :%s/^\(.\{30\}\)xx/\1yy/ " decrement numbers by 3 :%s/\d\+/\=(submatch(0)-3)/ " increment numbers by 6 on certain lines only :g/loc\|function/s/\d/\=submatch(0)+6/ " better :%s#txtdev\zs\d#\=submatch(0)+1#g :h /\zs " increment only numbers gg\d\d by 6 (another way) :%s/\(gg\)\@<=\d\+/\=submatch(0)+6/ :h zero-width " rename a string with an incrementing number :let i=10 | 'a,'bg/Abc/s/yy/\=i/ |let i=i+1 # convert yy to 10,11,12 etc " as above but more precise :let i=10 | 'a,'bg/Abc/s/xx\zsyy\ze/\=i/ |let i=i+1 # convert xxyy to xx11,xx12,xx13 " find replacement text, put in memory, then use \zs to simplify substitute :%s/"\([^.]\+\).*\zsxx/\1/ " Pull word under cursor into LHS of a substitute :nmap z :%s#\<=expand("")\># " Pull Visually Highlighted text into LHS of a substitute :vmap z :%s/\<*\>/ " substitute singular or plural :'a,'bs/bucket\(s\)*/bowl\1/gic *N* ---------------------------------------- " all following performing similar task, substitute within substitution " Multiple single character substitution in a portion of line only :%s,\(all/.*\)\@<=/,_,g : replace all / with _ AFTER "all/" " Same thing :s#all/\zs.*#\=substitute(submatch(0), '/', '_', 'g')# " Substitute by splitting line, then re-joining :s#all/#&^M#|s#/#_#g|-j! " Substitute inside substitute :%s/.*/\='cp '.submatch(0).' all/'.substitute(submatch(0),'/','_','g')/ ---------------------------------------- " global command display :g/gladiolli/# : display with line numbers (YOU WANT THIS!) :g/fred.*joe.*dick/ : display all lines fred,joe & dick :g/\/ : display all lines fred but not freddy :g/^\s*$/d : delete all blank lines :g!/^dd/d : delete lines not containing string :v/^dd/d : delete lines not containing string :g/joe/,/fred/d : not line based (very powerfull) :g/fred/,/joe/j : Join Lines *N* :g/-------/.-10,.d : Delete string & 10 previous lines :g/{/ ,/}/- s/\n\+/\r/g : Delete empty lines but only between {...} :v/\S/d : Delete empty lines (and blank lines ie whitespace) :v/./,/./-j : compress empty lines :g/^$/,/./-j : compress empty lines :g/:g/^/put_ : double space file (pu = put) :g/^/m0 : Reverse file (m = move) :g/^/m$ : No effect! *N* :'a,'bg/^/m'b : Reverse a section a to b :g/^/t. : duplicate every line :g/fred/t$ : copy(transfer) lines matching fred to EOF :g/stage/t'a : copy (transfer) lines matching stage to marker a (cannot use .) *C* :g/^Chapter/t.|s/./-/g : Automatically underline selecting headings *N* :g/\(^I[^^I]*\)\{80}/d : delete all lines containing at least 80 tabs " perform a substitute on every other line :g/^/ if line('.')%2|s/^/zz / " match all lines containing "somestr" between markers a & b " copy after line containing "otherstr" :'a,'bg/somestr/co/otherstr/ : co(py) or mo(ve) " as above but also do a substitution :'a,'bg/str1/s/str1/&&&/|mo/str2/ :%norm jdd : delete every other line " incrementing numbers (type as 5 characters) :.,$g/^\d/exe "norm! \": increment numbers :'a,'bg/\d\+/norm! ^A : increment numbers " storing glob results (note must use APPEND) you need to empty reg a first with qaq. "save results to a register/paste buffer :g/fred/y A : append all lines fred to register a :g/fred/y A | :let @*=@a : put into paste buffer :let @a=''|g/Barratt/y A |:let @*=@a " filter lines to a file (file must already exist) :'a,'bg/^Error/ . w >> errors.txt " duplicate every line in a file wrap a print '' around each duplicate :g/./yank|put|-1s/'/"/g|s/.*/Print '&'/ " replace string with contents of a file, -d deletes the "mark" :g/^MARK$/r tmp.txt | -d " display prettily :g//z#.5 : display with context :g//z#.5|echo "==========" : display beautifully " Combining g// with normal mode commands :g/|/norm 2f|r* : replace 2nd | with a star "send output of previous global command to a new window :nmap :redir @a:g//:redir END:new:put! a "---------------------------------------- " Global combined with substitute (power editing) :'a,'bg/fred/s/joe/susan/gic : can use memory to extend matching :/fred/,/joe/s/fred/joe/gic : non-line based (ultra) :/biz/,/any/g/article/s/wheel/bucket/gic: non-line based *N* ---------------------------------------- " Find fred before beginning search for joe :/fred/;/joe/-2,/sid/+3s/sally/alley/gIC "---------------------------------------- " create a new file for each line of file eg 1.txt,2.txt,3,txt etc :g/^/exe ".w ".line(".").".txt" "---------------------------------------- " chain an external command :.g/^/ exe ".!sed 's/N/X/'" | s/I/Q/ *N* "---------------------------------------- " Operate until string found *N* d/fred/ :delete until fred y/fred/ :yank until fred c/fred/e :change until fred end "---------------------------------------- " Summary of editing repeats *N* . last edit (magic dot) :& last substitute :%& last substitute every line :%&gic last substitute every line confirm g% normal mode repeat last substitute g& last substitute on all lines @@ last recording @: last command-mode command :!! last :! command :~ last substitute :help repeating ---------------------------------------- " Summary of repeated searches ; last f, t, F or T , last f, t, F or T in opposite direction n last / or ? search N last / or ? search in opposite direction ---------------------------------------- " Absolutely essential ---------------------------------------- * # g* g# : find word under cursor () (forwards/backwards) % : match brackets {}[]() . : repeat last modification @: : repeat last : command (then @@) matchit.vim : % now matches tags
