2011-06-15 磁针石
#承接软件自动化实施与培训等gtalk： ouyangchongwu#gmail.com qq 37391319 博客:testing.blog.chinaunix.net
#版权所有，转载刊登请来函联系
#自动化测试和python群组：
#python qq group: 深圳自动化测试python群：113938272
#武冈深圳qq群：66250781
#参考资料：Packtpub.Python.Testing.Cookbook.May.2011.pdf
PyUnit创建于1999年，2001年Python 2.1集成了PyUnit，模块名为unittest(
library/unittest.html)，它python自动化测试的重要模块。下面演示在unittest中使用断言。
class RomanNumeralConverter(object):
def __init__(self, roman_numeral):
self.roman_numeral = roman_numeral
self.digit_map = {"M":1000, "D":500, "C":100, "L":50, "X":10, "V":5, "I":1}
def convert_to_decimal(self):
val = 0
for char in self.roman_numeral:
val += self.digit_map[char]
return val
import unittest
class RomanNumeralConverterTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_parsing_millenia(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter("M")
self.assertEquals(1000, value.convert_to_decimal())
def test_parsing_century(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter("C")
self.assertEquals(100, value.convert_to_decimal())
def test_parsing_half_century(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter("L")
self.assertEquals(50, value.convert_to_decimal())
def test_parsing_decade(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter("X")
self.assertEquals(10, value.convert_to_decimal())
def test_parsing_half_decade(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter("V")
self.assertEquals(5, value.convert_to_decimal())
def test_parsing_one(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter("I")
self.assertEquals(1, value.convert_to_decimal())
def test_empty_roman_numeral(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter("")
self.assertTrue(value.convert_to_decimal() == 0)
self.assertFalse(value.convert_to_decimal() > 0)
def test_no_roman_numeral(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter(None)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, value.convert_to_decimal)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
执行结果：
........
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 8 tests in 0.000s
OK
相关参考如下：
assertEquals(first, second[, msg]): Compares first and second expressions; and fails, if they don't have the same value. We can optionally print a special message if there is a failure.
assertTrue(expression[, msg]): Tests the expression and fails if it is false.We can optionally print a special message if there is a failure.
assertFalse(expression[, msg]): Tests the expression and fails if it is true.We can optionally print a special message if there is a failure.
assertRaises(exception, callable, …): Runs the callable, with any arguments, for the callable listed afterwards, and fails if it doesn't raise the exception.
注意要优先使用assertEquals，不得已才使用assertTrue或者assertFalse。因为assertEquals的输出更详细，会输出相应的两个值。使用assertEquals要注意列表等可变对象以及自定义对象等。尽量用assertRaises代替fail，因为代码正确时候，根本不会执行fail语句。fail举例如下：
import unittest
class BadTest(unittest.TestCase):
def test_no_roman_numeral(self):
value = RomanNumeralConverter(None)
try:
value.convert_to_decimal()
self.fail("Expected a TypeError")
except TypeError, e:
pass
另外第3方模块unittest2 ()提供了更多的功能。
