《自动化测试框架 Robot Framework 2.1 手册笔记》 §2 创建测试数据

§2    创建测试数据

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2009-8-27

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§2.1 测试数据语法

＊     文件和目录：

       在测试用例文件中创建测试用例，并自动生成test suite。多个测试用例文件所在的目录组成高级的test suite目录。test suite目录可以嵌套，可以有特殊的初始化文件。

       除此之外还有测试库包含低级关键字；拥有变量和高级用户关键字的资源文件；更方便创建变量的变量文件。

 

＊     支持的文件格式：

       采用表格的形式,HTML、TSV、reST。基于扩展名选择：.html, .htm and .xhtml for HTML, .tsv for TSV, and .rst or .rest for reStructuredText.

       HTML格式举例：

Setting	Value	Value	Value
Library	OperatingSystem

 

Variable	Value	Value	Value
${MESSAGE}	Hello, world!

 

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument
My Test	[Documentation]	Example test
	Log	${MESSAGE}
	My Keyword	/tmp
Another Test	Should Be Equal	${MESSAGE}	Hello, world!

 

Keyword	Action	Argument	Argument
My Keyword	[Arguments]	${path}
	Directory Should Exist	${path}

 

       可以使用WORD或者Robot IDE编辑。

       其他格式暂略。

 

＊     测试数据表：

Table name	Used for	Aliases
Setting table	1) Importing test libraries, resource files and variable files 2) Defining metadata for test suites and test cases	Setting, Settings, Metadata
Variable table	Defining variables that can be used elsewhere in the test data	Variable, Variables
Test case table	Creating test cases from available keywords	Test Case, Test Cases
Keyword table	Creating user keywords from existing lower-level keywords	Keyword, Keywords, User Keyword, User Keywords

 

＊     解析数据的规则：

空的表格单元要使用${EMPTY}或者\。空格有${SPACE}。

 

参数等续行的方法:

Setting	Value	Value	Value
Default Tags	tag-1	tag-2	tag-3
...	tag-4	tag-5	tag-6

 

Variable	Value	Value	Value
@{LIST}	this	list	has
...	quite	many	items

 

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument	Argument
Example	[Documentation]	Documentation	for this	test case.
	...	This can get	quite	long...
	[Tags]	t-1	t-2	t-3
	...	t-4	t-5
	Do X	one	two	three
	...	four	five	six
	${var} =	Get X	1	2
	...	3	4	5
	...	6

 

 

§2.2 创建测试用例       

＊     测试用例语法

测试用例示例：

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument
Valid Login	Open Login Page
	Input Name	demo
	Input Password	mode
	Submit Credentials
	Welcome Page Should Be Open
Setting Variables	Do Something	first argument	second argument
	${value} =	Get Some Value
	Should Be Equal	${value}	Expected value

 

数据驱动举例：

Test Case		User Name	Password
Invalid User Name	Login With Invalid Credentials Should Fail	invalid	mode
Invalid Password	Login With Invalid Credentials Should Fail	demo	invalid
Invalid User Name And Password	Login With Invalid Credentials Should Fail	invalid	whatever
Empty User Name	Login With Invalid Credentials Should Fail		mode
Empty Password	Login With Invalid Credentials Should Fail	demo	\
Empty User Name And Password	Login With Invalid Credentials Should Fail		\

 

测试用例表设置：

示例：

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument
Test With Settings	[Documentation]	Another dummy test
	[Tags]	dummy	owner-johndoe
	Log	Hello, world!

主要有[Documentation]、[Tags]、[Setup], [Teardown] 、[Precondition] and [Postcondition]、[Timeout]等标识。

 

＊     测试用例名字和文档

 

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument
Simple	[Documentation]	Simple documentation
	No Operation
Splitting	[Documentation]	This documentation is a bit longer and	it has been split into several columns.
	No Operation
Formatting	[Documentation]	*This is bold*, _this italic_ and	here is a link:
	No Operation
Variables	[Documentation]	Executed at ${HOST} by ${USER}
	No Operation

 

一般情况下是不需要文档的。

＊     标签测试用例

Force Tags

Default Tags

[Tags]

--settag

Set Tags and Remove Tags

 

Tagging example
Setting	Value	Value	Value
Force Tags	req-42
Default Tags	owner-john	smoke

 

Variable	Value	Value	Value
${HOST}	10.0.1.42

 

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument
No own tags	[Documentation]	This test has tags	owner-john, smoke, req-42
	No Operation
With own tags	[Documentation]	This test has tags	not_ready, owner-mrx, req-42
	[Tags]	owner-mrx	not_ready
	No Operation
Own tags with variables	[Documentation]	This test has tags	host-10.0.1.42, req-42
	[Tags]	host-${HOST}
	No Operation
Empty own tags	[Documentation]	This test has tags	req-42
	[Tags]
	No Operation
Set Tags and Remove Tags Keywords	[Documentation]	This test has tags	mytag, owner-john
	Set Tags	mytag
	Remove Tags	smoke	req-*

 

＊     测试配置和拆卸

 

Setting	Value	Value	Value
Test Setup	Open Application	App A
Test Teardown	Close Application

 

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument
Default values	[Documentation]	Setup and teardown	from setting table
	Do Something
Overridden setup	[Documentation]	Own setup, teardown	from setting table
	[Setup]	Open Application	App B
	Do Something
No teardown	[Documentation]	Default setup, no	teardown at all
	Do Something
	[Teardown]
Using variables	[Documentation]	Setup and teardown	given as variables
	[Setup]	${SETUP}
	Do Something
	[Teardown]	${TEARDOWN}

 

Setup and teardown synonyms
Test Setup	Test Precondition
Test Teardown	Test Postcondition
[Setup]	[Precondition]
[Teardown]	[Postcondition]

 

§2.3 创建测试suites

＊     测试用例文件

Documentation

Used for specifying a test suite documentation

Meta:

Used for setting free test suite metadata.

Suite Setup, Suite Teardown

Specify suite setup and teardown. Have also synonyms Suite Precondition and Suite Postcondition, respectively.

 

＊     测试用例目录

注意下划线和点号开头的文件被忽略。

初始化文件：__init__.extension

 

＊     Test suite 名字和文档

Test suite documentation example
Setting	Value	Value	Value
Documentation	An example test suite	documentation with	*some* _formatting_.
...	See test documentation	for more documentation	examples.

 

＊     免费Test suite元数据

Setting	Value	Value	Value
Meta: Version	2.0
Meta: More Info	For more information	about *Robot Framework*	see
Meta: Executed At	${HOST}

 

＊     suite配置和拆卸

Suite Precondition and Suite Postcondition,

 

§2.4 使用测试库

＊     使用测试库

导入库

Importing test libraries
Setting	Value	Value	Value
Library	OperatingSystem
Library	com.company.TestLib
Library	MyLibrary	arg1	arg2
Library	${LIBRARY}

 

 

导入库关键字：

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument	Argument
Example	Do Something
	Import Library	MyLibrary	arg1	arg2
	KW From Mylibrary

 

使用绝对路径导入：

Setting	Value	Value	Value
Library	PythonLib.py
Library	/absolute/path/JavaLib.java
Library	relative/path/PythonDirLib/	possible	arguments
Library	${RESOURCES}/Example.class

 

＊     设定自定义名字和测试库

 

自定义名字：

Setting	Value	Value	Value
Library	com.company.TestLib	WITH NAME	TestLib
Library	${LIBRARY}	WITH NAME	MyName

使用不同名字导入同一库。

Setting	Value	Value	Value	Value	Value
Library	SomeLibrary	localhost	1234	WITH NAME	LocalLib
Library	SomeLibrary	server.domain	8080	WITH NAME	RemoteLib

 

Test Case	Action	Argument	Argument
My Test	LocalLib.Some Keyword	some arg	second arg
	RemoteLib.Some Keyword	another arg	whatever
	LocalLib.Another Keyword

 

＊     标准库

 

 

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