实例－在CentOS6 & 7 上手工安装二进制mysql5.7.27

本文使用CentOS 7.6作为测试平台，最小化安装，禁用selinux

1、安装依赖性软件包
yum -y install perl numactl*

2、下载并解压，解压
官网下载

tar -zxf mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3、移动到要安装的目录
mv mysql-5.7.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4、创建数据库目录和用户
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -d /usr/local/mysql

5、设定文件夹权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

6、删除系统自带的配置文件（老版本）
rm -f /etc/my.cnf

7、初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
记录这里的MySQL密码！
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

8、编辑配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
server_id=1
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
max_heap_table_size = 400M
max_allowed_packet = 64M
join_buffer_size = 64M
tmp_table_size = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2000M
innodb_doublewrite = OFF
innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 3
innodb_read_io_threads = 32
innodb_write_io_threads = 16
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[client]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

9、配置自启动文件
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
sed -i "/^basedir/s/=.*/=\/usr\/local\/mysql/" /etc/init.d/mysql
sed -i "/^datadir=/s/=.*/=\/usr\/local\/mysql\/data/" /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysql on

10、设定环境变量
echo 'export MYSQL_HOME="/usr/local/mysql"' >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin"' >> /etc/profile
. /etc/profile

11、重启数据库服务
mkdir /var/lib/mysql
chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
service mysql restart

12、登陆并修改root密码，这里需要使用上面记录的密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
mysql> set password=password('123456');
mysql> quit

13、使用新密码登陆测试
mysql -u root -p

14、开启防火墙
firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

15、导入时间数据库
mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -uroot mysql -p

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若提示缺乏so文件，请执行：

yum -y install mysql-devel
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20.3.12 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.20
ln -s /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.20 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so