分类： 系统运维
2008-05-24 23:49:59
22.1. 配置基本HSRP
当主用路由器当掉以后备份路由器可以接管主用路由器的IP地址和MAC地址
回答
Router1：
Router1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router1(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)#ip address 172.22.1.3 255.255.255.0
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 priority 120
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#end
Router1#
Router2：
Router2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router2(config)#interface FastEthernet 1/0
Router2(config-if)#ip address 172.22.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 priority 110
Router2(config-if)#exit
Router2(config)#end
Router2#
注释 由于HSRP虚拟出来的MAC地址跟组相关，所以可能会出现同一交换机收到多个相同的MAC地址的情况，这时候就需要用standby 1 mac-address 0000.0c07.ad01 命令来人工指定一个MAC地址
22.2. 使用HSRP 强占特性
提问 强制某个路由器启动后一直在组中处于主用状态
回答
Router1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router1(config)#interface FastEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 priority 120
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#end
Router1#
Router2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router2(config)#interface FastEthernet 1/0
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 priority 110
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 preempt
Router2(config-if)#exit
Router2(config)#end
Router2#
注释 正常情况下当LAN端口up后就会发生强占，而此时可能网络还没有收敛，所以建议配置强占延迟时间，让路由器启动后过一段时间再发起强占standby 1 preempt delay 60
22.3. 配置HSRP对接口问题追踪的支持
提问 当主用路由器的上联端口出现问题后主动切换到备用路由器
回答
Router1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 priority 120
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 track Serial0/0 20
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#end
Router1#
从12.2(15)T后引入更多可追踪实例
Router1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router1(config)#track 11 interface Serial1/1 ip routing
Router1(config-track)#exit
Router1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 priority 120
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 track 11 decrement 50
Router1(config-if)#end
Router1#
注释 Router1#show track
Track 11 PAN>Interface Serial1/1 ip routing
IP routing is Down (hw admin-down, ip disabled)
1 change, last change 00:
Tracked by:
HSRP FastEthernet0/0 1
22.4. HSRP负载均衡
提问 在两台或者多台HSRP路由器上实现流量的负载均衡
回答
Router1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Router1(config-if)#ip address 172.22.1.3 255.255.255.0
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 priority 120
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt
Router1(config-if)#standby 2 ip 172.22.1.2
Router1(config-if)#standby 2 priority 110
Router1(config-if)#standby 2 preempt
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#end
Router1#
Router2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router2(config)#interface FastEthernet1/0
Router2(config-if)#ip address 172.22.1.4 255.255.255.0
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 priority 110
Router2(config-if)#standby 1 preempt
Router2(config-if)#standby 2 ip 172.22.1.2
Router2(config-if)#standby 2 priority 120
Router2(config-if)#standby 2 preempt
Router2(config-if)#exit
Router2(config)#end
Router2#
注释 由于出现两个网关，所以需要在终端设备上分开配置各自的缺省网关。
22.5. HSRP中ICMP重定向
提问 在HSRP中启用ICMP重定向
回答
Router2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router2(config)#interface FastEthernet 1/0
Router2(config-if)#no ip redirects
Router2(config-if)#standby redirects disable
Router2(config-if)#exit
Router2(config)#end
Router2#
注释
22.6. 调整HSRP定时器
提问 调整备份路由器接管主用路由器所需时长
回答
Router1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 172.22.1.1
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 priority 120
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt
Router1(config-if)#standby 1 timers 1 3
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#end
Router1#
注释 缺省Hello包时长为3秒，10秒后会接管，如果主用路由器调整时长，整个组内的路由器都要调整为相同的时长。最短可以到达毫秒Router1(config-if)#standby 1 timers msec 100 msec 300
22.7. 在令牌环网络中使用HSRP
提问 在令牌环网络中配置HSRP
回答
如果只用IP协议配置同前面例子，如果还有其他协议，特别是使用了source-route bridging就用下面的配置方法
Router1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router1(config)#interface Tokenring0
Router1(config-if)#ip address 172.22.1.3
Router1(config-if)#standby ip 172.22.1.1
Router1(config-if)#standby use-bia
Router1(config-if)#standby priority 120
Router1(config-if)#standby preempt
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#end
Router1#
Router2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router2(config)#interface Tokenring0
Router2(config-if)#ip address 172.22.1.2
Router2(config-if)#standby ip 172.22.1.1
Router2(config-if)#standby use-bia
Router2(config-if)#standby priority 110
Router2(config-if)#standby preempt
