Linux无人值守安装系统 (Cobbler)

目的： 无人值守安装虚拟机

部署版本：CentOS release 5.4 x86_64

实施：

服务器端

1.安装Cobbler安装包cobbler-1.0.3-1.el5.noarch.rpm 

wget http://blogimg.chinaunix.net/blog/upfile2/100816161630.gz

tar zxvf 100816161630.gz

rpm -ivh python-cheetah-2.0.1-1.el5.x86_64.rpm;rpm -ivh cobbler-1.0.3-1.el5.noarch.rpm

2.

cobbler check

tftp disable-->no
yum install yum-utils
/etc/cobbler/settings
   将next_server改为本机ip
   将server改为本机ip
service iptables stop
rm /etc/cobbler/sample.ks
rm /etc/cobbler/legacy.ks
rm /etc/cobbler/sample_end.ks

   直至cobbler check成功

3.


service httpd start

service cobblerd start


4.

wget http://install/sys/iso/CentOS/CentOS-5.4-x86_64-bin-DVD.iso
  mount -o loop CentOS-5.4-x86_64-bin-DVD.iso /data/centos

5.

cobbler import --mirror=/data/centos --name=Centos-5.4-x86_64


6.建立kickstart  /etc/cobbler/kickstarts/S3APP0001.ks

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --enablemd5
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Use text mode install
text
# Firewall configuration
firewall --enabled
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# Use network installation
#url --url=$tree
url --url=http://192.168.0.254/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-5.4-x86_64/

#修改为你的IP
# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
#$yum_repo_stanza
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
# Reboot after installation
reboot

#Root password
rootpw 123456
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# System timezone
#timezone America/New_York
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr

# Magically figure out how to partition this thing
SNIPPET::partition_select
$kickstart_start

%packages

%post
$yum_config_stanza
$kickstart_done

7.

cobbler sync

8.

cobbler profile add --name=S3APP0001 --distro=Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64 --kickstart=/etc/cobbler/kickstarts/S3APP0001.ks --kopts='noipv6'--virt-path=/dev/domovg/S3APP0001 --virt-ram=2048 --virt-cpus=2 --virt-type=xenpv --virt-bridge=xenbr0


9. 


cobbler system add --name=S3APP0001 --profile=S3APP0001 --virt-path=/dev/domovg/S3APP0001 --mac=00:16:3E:1d:3d:65

10.确保dhcp的启动

客户端

前提：客户端已经安装好linux

1.看CPU是否支持虚拟化

半虚拟化硬件要求：
[root@linux ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags
flags  : fpu tsc msr pae mce cx8 mtrr mca cmov pat pse36 mmx fxsr sse up

全虚拟化硬件要求：
INTEL系列CPU
[root@linux ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags
flags   : fpu tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts 
          acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc up pni 
          monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm
AMD系列CPU
[root@linux ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags
flags   : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov 
          pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt 
          rdtscp lm 3dnowext 3dnow pni cx16 lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic 
          cr8legacy 3dnowprefetch ts fid vid ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps 

2.安装koan，在服务器端第一步的100729160917.zip文件里

rpm -ivh koan-1.2.5-1.el5.noarch.rpm

3.安装XEN

yum groupinstall virtualization

4.

修改grub.conf  将default 从1 改为 0 
reboot

5.

service libvirtd start

6.

koan --server=192.168.1.1 --system=S3APP0001 --virt --virt-name=S3APP0001

如果有问题，可以打开客户端机器的X界面，看虚拟机状态排除问题

---

记录：

umount /dev/domovg/data
lvremove -f /dev/domovg/data


lvcreate -L 30G -n S2APP0001 domovg
lvcreate -L 30G -n S2APP0002 domovg
lvcreate -L 30G -n S2APP0003 domovg
lvcreate -l 1103 -n data domovg
mkfs.ext3 /dev/domovg/data
mount /dev/domovg/data /data

将/data/加入/etc/fstab，设为自动启动

yum groupinstall gnome-desktop

yum groupinstall virtualization


报错1:

[root@ts3web2 tmp]# koan --server=10.29.60.19 --system=S3APP2005 --virt --virt-name=S3APP2005
- reading URL:
install_tree:
libvirtd (pid 14829) is running...
downloading initrd initrd.img to /var/lib/xen/initrd.img
url=http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/initrd.img
- reading URL: http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/initrd.img
downloading kernel vmlinuz to /var/lib/xen/vmlinuz
url=http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/vmlinuz
- reading URL: http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/vmlinuz
libvir: Xen error : Domain not found: xenUnifiedDomainLookupByName
libvir: Xen error : Domain not found: xenUnifiedDomainLookupByUUID
libvir: Xen error : Domain not found: xenUnifiedDomainLookupByName
libvir: Xen Daemon error : POST operation failed: xend_post: error from xen daemon: (xend.err 'Error creating domain: I need 2097152 KiB, but dom0_min_mem is 262144 and shrinking to 262144 KiB would leave only 1641040 KiB free.')
libvirt.libvirtError
POST operation failed: xend_post: error from xen daemon: (xend.err 'Error creating domain: I need 2097152 KiB, but dom0_min_mem is 262144 and shrinking to 262144 KiB would leave only 1641040 KiB free.')
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 165, in main
    k.run()
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 373, in run
    self.virt()
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 644, in virt
    return self.net_install(after_download)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 563, in net_install
    after_download(self, profile_data)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 642, in after_download
    self.virt_net_install(profile_data)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 920, in virt_net_install
    bridge = self.virt_bridge
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/xencreate.py", line 165, in start_install
    guest.start_install()
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py", line 541, in start_install
    return self._do_install(consolecb, meter, removeOld, wait)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py", line 633, in _do_install
    self.domain = self.conn.createLinux(install_xml, 0)
   File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py", line 974, in createLinux
conn     if ret is None:raise libvirtError('virDomainCreateLinux() failed',=self)


表示内存不够

报错2:

[root@ts3web2 tmp]# koan --server=10.29.60.19 --system=S3APP2005 --virt --virt-name=S3APP2005
- reading URL:
install_tree:
libvirtd (pid 14829) is running...
downloading initrd initrd.img to /var/lib/xen/initrd.img
url=http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/initrd.img
- reading URL: http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/initrd.img
downloading kernel vmlinuz to /var/lib/xen/vmlinuz
url=http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/vmlinuz
- reading URL: http://10.29.60.19/cobbler/images/Centos-5.4-xen-x86_64/vmlinuz
exceptions.ValueError
Guest name 'S3APP2005' is already in use.
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 165, in main
    k.run()
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 373, in run
    self.virt()
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 644, in virt
    return self.net_install(after_download)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 563, in net_install
    after_download(self, profile_data)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 642, in after_download
    self.virt_net_install(profile_data)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/app.py", line 920, in virt_net_install
    bridge = self.virt_bridge
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/koan/xencreate.py", line 104, in start_install
    guest.set_name(name)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py", line 125, in set_name
    raise ValueError(_("Guest name '%s' is already in use.") % val)


表示配置文件已存在，需要删除配置文件先