全部博文(293)
分类: LINUX
2010-02-10 16:23:06
1. 自动ssh/scp方法==
A为本地主机(即用于控制其他主机的机器) ;
B为远程主机(即被控制的机器Server), 假如ip为192.168.60.110;
A和B的系统都是Linux
在A上运行命令:
# ssh-keygen -t rsa (连续三次回车,即在本地生成了公钥和私钥,不设置密码)
# ssh "mkdir .ssh" (需要输入密码)
# scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub (需要输入密码)
在B上的命令:
# touch /root/.ssh/authorized_keys (如果已经存在这个文件, 跳过这条)
# cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys (将id_rsa.pub的内容追加到authorized_keys 中)
回到A机器:
# ssh (不需要密码, 登录成功)
2. 控制n个机器如上所述自动登录
那就需要n对钥匙(密钥和公钥), ssh-keygen 命令可以随意更改钥匙对的名字, 比如:
# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110
这样私钥和公钥的名字分别就是: id_rsa_192.168.60.110和 id_rsa_192.168.60.110.pub;然后将 id_rsa_192.168.60.110.pub 文件的内容, 追加到sever的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中,最后, 在本地用ssh命令的 -i 参数指定本地密钥, 并登录:
# ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110
scp也是一样的
# scp -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110 filename
在文件.bashrc中加下两行,每次做同样的操作就不用敲入这样长的命令了:
alias sshcell='ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110
alias scpcell='scp -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110 filename
这样,直接键入一下指令实现ssh和scp自动登录:
# sshcell
# scpcell
3. 自动ssh/scp脚本
如果需要从A,到B,然后才能够到C,那么需要ssh和scp两次,是比较麻烦的。
ssh自动登录:
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
set timeout 30
spawn ssh
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
expect "]*"
send "ssh "
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
interact
scp从A拷贝文件到C:
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
set timeout 300
set file [lindex $argv 0]
spawn scp $file
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
expect "]*"
spawn ssh
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
expect "]*"
send "scp $file "
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
expect "]*"
exit
interact
scp从C拷贝文件到A:
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
set timeout 300
set file [lindex $argv 0]
spawn ssh
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
expect "]*"
send "scp .\r"
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
expect "]*"
send "exit\r"
expect "]*"
spawn scp .
expect "password:"
send "pppppp\r"
interact
4. 建立ssh/scp通道
比如说我的机器是A,中间服务器为B,目标服务器是C
从A可以ssh到B,从B可以ssh到C,但是A不能直接ssh到C
现在展示利用ssh通道技术从A直接传输文件到C
1. ssh -L1234:C:22 >
input B's password
(1234是本机A的空闲端口,该指令需要A机器上的root用户权限,实际上是在本机1234端口建立了一个通道)
2. 打开一个新的console,键入:
scp -P1234 filename >
input C's password
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/netzsm/archive/2007/09/13/1783055.aspx