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作者：GTT
请提出宝贵意见Mail:mtloveft@hotmail.com
Linux Version：2.6.33
提示：本文是关于file system 实现的介绍！
再来看看linux 2.6.33中ext2的结构图
super block的定义如下
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struct ext2_super_block {
__le32 s_inodes_count; /* Inodes count */
__le32 s_blocks_count; /* Blocks count */
__le32 s_r_blocks_count; /* Reserved blocks count */
__le32 s_free_blocks_count; /* Free blocks count */
__le32 s_free_inodes_count; /* Free inodes count */
__le32 s_first_data_block; /* First Data Block */
__le32 s_log_block_size; /* Block size */
__le32 s_log_frag_size; /* Fragment size */
__le32 s_blocks_per_group; /* # Blocks per group */
__le32 s_frags_per_group; /* # Fragments per group */
__le32 s_inodes_per_group; /* # Inodes per group */
__le32 s_mtime; /* Mount time */
__le32 s_wtime; /* Write time */
__le16 s_mnt_count; /* Mount count */
__le16 s_max_mnt_count; /* Maximal mount count */
__le16 s_magic; /* Magic signature */
__le16 s_state; /* File system state */
__le16 s_errors; /* Behaviour when detecting errors */
__le16 s_minor_rev_level; /* minor revision level */
__le32 s_lastcheck; /* time of last check */
__le32 s_checkinterval; /* max. time between checks */
__le32 s_creator_os; /* OS */
__le32 s_rev_level; /* Revision level */
__le16 s_def_resuid; /* Default uid for reserved blocks */
__le16 s_def_resgid; /* Default gid for reserved blocks */
__le32 s_first_ino; /* First non-reserved inode */
__le16 s_inode_size; /* size of inode structure */
__le16 s_block_group_nr; /* block group # of this superblock */
__le32 s_feature_compat; /* compatible feature set */
__le32 s_feature_incompat; /* incompatible feature set */
__le32 s_feature_ro_compat; /* readonly-compatible feature set */
__u8 s_uuid[16]; /* 128-bit uuid for volume */
char s_volume_name[16]; /* volume name */
char s_last_mounted[64]; /* directory where last mounted */
__le32 s_algorithm_usage_bitmap;/* For compression */
__u8 s_prealloc_blocks; /* Nr of blocks to try to preallocate*/
__u8 s_prealloc_dir_blocks; /* Nr to preallocate for dirs */
__u16 s_padding1;
__u8 s_journal_uuid[16]; /* uuid of journal superblock */
__u32 s_journal_inum; /* inode number of journal file */
__u32 s_journal_dev; /* device number of journal file */
__u32 s_last_orphan; /* start of list of inodes to delete */
__u32 s_hash_seed[4]; /* HTREE hash seed */
__u8 s_def_hash_version; /* Default hash version to use */
__u8 s_reserved_char_pad;
__u16 s_reserved_word_pad;
__le32 s_default_mount_opts;
__le32 s_first_meta_bg; /* First metablock block group */
__u32 s_reserved[190]; /* Padding to the end of the block */
};
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inode的定义如下
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struct ext2_inode {
__le16 i_mode; /* File mode */
__le16 i_uid; /* Low 16 bits of Owner Uid */
__le32 i_size; /* Size in bytes */
__le32 i_atime; /* Access time */
__le32 i_ctime; /* Creation time */
__le32 i_mtime; /* Modification time */
__le32 i_dtime; /* Deletion Time */
__le16 i_gid; /* Low 16 bits of Group Id */
__le16 i_links_count; /* Links count */
__le32 i_blocks; /* Blocks count */
__le32 i_flags; /* File flags */
union {
struct {
__le32 l_i_reserved1;
} linux1;
struct {
__le32 h_i_translator;
} hurd1;
struct {
__le32 m_i_reserved1;
} masix1;
} osd1; /* OS dependent 1 */
__le32 i_block[EXT2_N_BLOCKS];/* Pointers to blocks */
__le32 i_generation; /* File version (for NFS) */
__le32 i_file_acl; /* File ACL */
__le32 i_dir_acl; /* Directory ACL */
__le32 i_faddr; /* Fragment address */
union {
struct {
__u8 l_i_frag; /* Fragment number */
__u8 l_i_fsize; /* Fragment size */
__u16 i_pad1;
__le16 l_i_uid_high; /* these 2 fields */
__le16 l_i_gid_high; /* were reserved2[0] */
__u32 l_i_reserved2;
} linux2;
struct {
__u8 h_i_frag; /* Fragment number */
__u8 h_i_fsize; /* Fragment size */
__le16 h_i_mode_high;
__le16 h_i_uid_high;
__le16 h_i_gid_high;
__le32 h_i_author;
} hurd2;
struct {
__u8 m_i_frag; /* Fragment number */
__u8 m_i_fsize; /* Fragment size */
__u16 m_pad1;
__u32 m_i_reserved2[2];
} masix2;
} osd2; /* OS dependent 2 */
};
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而目录项的定义如下
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struct ext2_dir_entry_2 {
__le32 inode; /* Inode number */
__le16 rec_len; /* Directory entry length */
__u8 name_len; /* Name length */
__u8 file_type;
char name[EXT2_NAME_LEN]; /* File name */
};
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看上去只是比minixFS,多了一个3次间接索引。这样ext2FS的单个文件的Size可以更大。
上图中b-no等我就是随便起的名字，意思就是数据块的内容是block number.
追加一些内容，忘了写了，就是在现在版本中对文件的定义，因为不说这个队VFS的实现就有点困难了。
定义如下
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struct file {
/* fu_list becomes invalid after file_free is called and queued via fu_rcuhead for RCU freeing */
union {
struct list_head fu_list;
struct rcu_head fu_rcuhead;
} f_u;
struct path f_path;
#define f_dentry f_path.dentry
#define f_vfsmnt f_path.mnt
const struct file_operations *f_op;
spinlock_t f_lock; /* f_ep_links, f_flags, no IRQ */
atomic_long_t f_count;
unsigned int f_flags;
fmode_t f_mode;
loff_t f_pos;
struct fown_struct f_owner;
const struct cred *f_cred;
struct file_ra_state f_ra;
u64 f_version;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
void *f_security;
#endif
/* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */
void *private_data;
#ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL
/* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */
struct list_head f_ep_links;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */
struct address_space *f_mapping;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_WRITECOUNT
unsigned long f_mnt_write_state;
#endif
}
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其它Field可以先不考虑，但是struct path f_path这项得关注。
他的定义如下
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struct path {
struct vfsmount *mnt;
struct dentry *dentry;
};
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为什么要提这个呢，因为他包含了一个dentry的指针，而dentry又有inode的指针。
这样有和早期MinixFS的实现基本对应上了，早期MinixFS的文件结构中直接放的inode指针。其实就是换汤不换药。这样对以后抽象出来VFS很关键的。
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