DNS安装配置全过程(BIND)

bind-9.3.1rc1.tar.gz 安装实例

先从 下载bind，我下载的是bind-9.3.1rc1.tar.gz

我下载的文件放在/root目录下
进入目录解压缩
[root@linux root]#tar xfz bind-9.3.1rc1.tar.gz
进如刚解压出来的目录
[root@linux root]# cd bind-9.3.1rc1
编译配置
[root@linux bind-9.3.1rc1]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/named --enable-threads #--enable-threads开启多线程处理能力
[root@linux bind-9.3.1rc1]#make
[root@linux bind-9.3.1rc1]#make install
进入/usr/local/named 建立etc目录
[root@linux bind-9.3.1rc1]#cd /usr/local/named
[root@linux named]# mkdir etc
生成rndc控制命令的key文件
[root@linux named]# sbin/rndc-confgen > etc/rndc.conf
从rndc.conf文件中提取named.conf用的key
root@linux named]# cd etc
[root@linux etc]# tail -10 rndc.conf | head -9 | sed s/# //g > named.conf
自动在/usr/local/named/etc 生成named,conf文件
建立区文件目录
[root@linux etc]# mkdir /var/named
进入/var/named
[root@linux etc]# cd /var/named
建立localhost.zone文件
[root@linux named]#vi localhost.zone
$TTL    86400
$ORIGIN localhost.
@                       1D IN SOA       @ root (
                                       42              ; serial (d. adams)
                                       3H              ; refresh
                                       15M             ; retry
                                       1W              ; expiry
                                       1D )            ; minimum

                       1D IN NS        @
                       1D IN A         127.0.0.1

建立named.local文件
[root@linux named]#vi named.local
$TTL    86400
@       IN      SOA     localhost. root.localhost.  (
                                     1997022700 ; Serial
                                     28800      ; Refresh
                                     14400      ; Retry
                                     3600000    ; Expire
                                     86400 )    ; Minimum
             IN      NS      localhost.

1       IN      PTR     localhost.


dig命令直接生成named.root文件
[root@linux named]#dig > named.root
建立test.com域名正向解析文件
[root@linux named]#vi test.zone

$ttl    1D
@               IN SOA  test.com.  root.test.com. (

                                      1053891162
                                       3H
                                       15M
                                       1W
                                       1D )

                       IN NS          test.com.
                       IN MX    5    test.com.
www                IN A          220.202.19.82

建立test.com域名反向解析文件
[root@linux named]#vi test.local
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA test.com. root.test.com.(
20031001;
7200;
3600;
43200;
86400);
@ IN NS test.com.
82 IN PTR dns.test.com.

配置named.conf加如以下代码

[root@linux etc]# vi named.conf

options {
directory "/var/named"; #named区文件目录
pid-file "named.pid"; #进程id文件名
};
controls {
       inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };
};
zone "." IN {
       type hint;
       file "named.root";
};

zone "localhost" IN {
       type master;
       file "localhost.zone";
       allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
       type master;
       file "named.local";
       allow-update { none; };
};

zone "test.com" IN {
       type master;
       file "test.zone";
       allow-update { none; };
};


zone "19.202.220.in-addr.arpa" IN {
       type master;
       file "test.local";
       allow-update { none; };
};



现在配置完了可以启动BIND了

/usr/local/named/sbin/named -c /usr/local/named/etc/named.conf &

只要显示
runing表示运行成功
测试DNS
[root@linux etc]# host 220202.19.82
89.19.202.220.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer dns.test.com.
如上显示表示DNS反向解析正常
[root@linux etc]# ping
PING (220.202.19.82) 56(84) bytes of data.
如上显示表示正向解析正常
DNS配置完成。

from:  

rndc 是配合bind的好帮手.使用帮助如下:

[root@rh9 named]# rndc -V
Usage: rndc [-c config] [-s server] [-p port]
        [-k key-file ] [-y key] [-V] command

command is one of the following:

  reload        Reload configuration file and zones.
  reload zone [class [view]]
                Reload a single zone.
  refresh zone [class [view]]
                Schedule immediate maintenance for a zone.
  reconfig      Reload configuration file and new zones only.
  stats         Write server statistics to the statistics file.
  querylog      Toggle query logging.
  dumpdb        Dump cache(s) to the dump file (named_dump.db).
  stop          Save pending updates to master files and stop the server.
  halt          Stop the server without saving pending updates.
  trace         Increment debugging level by one.
  trace level   Change the debugging level.
  notrace       Set debugging level to 0.
  flush         Flushes all of the server's caches.
  flush [view]  Flushes the server's cache for a view.
  status        Display status of the server.
  *restart      Restart the server.

* == not yet implemented
Version: 9.2.1
[root@rh9 named]# rndc stats
[root@rh9 named]# rndc status
number of zones: 5
debug level: 0
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is OFF
server is up and running