TSM+Brtools +rman 恢复

    最近忙于SAP的备份与恢复，源于客户的数据增长太快，远远超出先前规划：最早计划采用TSM+brtools 方式备份，这种备份基于file型备份，与操作系统层拷贝文件差不多，不管表空间里是否有数据，都要备份，那么带来问题就是速度慢，恢复复杂，特别是大型数据库，超过2TB级以上就更不用说了。

   为了解决这个问题，我们建议使用brtools+rman备份方法：rman备份是基于block级的备份，他只对有数据的blocke备份；另外，rman可以采用多channel备份，这样可以同时开多个session进行备份（当然，这需要磁带库的drive数据量与sap的.sap配置相匹配）

一、准备工作

1.修改initSID.utl配置文件，修改rman_channel数

test:oracle >vi initSID.utl

rman_channel =2 #max channel for rman

2.与TSM Server认证

test:oracle > backint -p initSID.utl -f password

BKI2027I: Using TSM-API version 5.3.5.3 (compiled with 5.3.0.0).
BKI2000I: Successfully connected to ProLE on port tdpr3ora64.
BKI0005I: Start of program at: Wed Sep  3 15:38:20 BEIST 2008 .
BKI2017I: Blocksize is set to 131072 bytes
BKI0049I: Please enter password for node ECC_SAP on server SERVER_R3:
BKI0051I: Password successfully verified for node ECC_SAP on server SERVER_R3.
BKI0020I: End of program at: Wed Sep  3 15:38:29 BEIST 2008 .
BKI0021I: Elapsed time: 09 sec .
BKI0024I: Return code is: 0.

3.修改initSID.sap配置文件，使sap的session数大于等于rman_channel

test:oracle>vi initSID.sap

max_session =2

 

二、开始恢复

1.恢复控制文件

(1).恢复备份日志信息
test:oracle> brrestore -d util_file -b2 "#NULL" -m /oracle/SID/sapbackup/backSID.log
BR0401I BRRESTORE 7.00 (28)
BR0405I Start of file restore: rdysreel.rsf 2008-09-03 15.38.51
BR0484I BRRESTORE log file: /oracle/SID/sapbackup/rdysreel.rsf

BKI0023I: Time: 09/03/08 15:39:42 Done: 92.931 KB (100.0 %) of 92.931 KB. Estimated end time: 09/03/08 15:39:42.
BKI0054I: Time: 09/03/08 15:39:42 Object: 1 of 1 done: /oracle/SID/sapbackup/backSID.log with: 92.931 KB restored with description HE2___A0FKMG7QD5 .

BR0280I BRRESTORE time stamp: 2008-09-03 15.39.42
#FILE..... /oracle/SID/sapbackup/backSID.log
#RESTORED. HE2___A0FKMG7QD5
BKI1215I: Average transmission rate was 0.006 GB/h (0.001 MB/sec).
BKI0020I: End of program at: Wed Sep  3 15:39:43 BEIST 2008 .
BKI0021I: Elapsed time: 50 sec .
BKI0024I: Return code is: 0.

BR0280I BRRESTORE time stamp: 2008-09-03 15.39.43
BR0374I 1 of 1 file restored by backup utility
BR0230I Backup utility called successfully

BR0406I End of file restore: rdysreel.rsf 2008-09-03 15.39.43
BR0280I BRRESTORE time stamp: 2008-09-03 15.39.43
BR0402I BRRESTORE completed successfully

 

(2).检查备份日志时间点，并寻找其对应备份信息文件，如要恢复 2008-09-02 09.05.31  数据，则对应备份信息文件为：bdyskxlr

GVSHE503:orahe5 290> tail -f /oracle/SID/sapbackup/backSID.log
bdyrrsgq fnf  2008-08-29 11.21.16  2008-08-29 12.40.03  0  ...............     75    73     0        40       1921562076       41       1921576134  FULL         online          util_file        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdysgqoe pnr  2008-09-01 12.16.00  2008-09-01 12.16.23  5  ...............     76     0     0        46       1921961576        0                0  PARTIAL      online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdysgqsa fnr  2008-09-01 12.17.40  2008-09-01 12.17.51  5  ...............     76     0     0        46       1921961576        0                0  FULL         online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdysgrbf pnr  2008-09-01 12.21.39  2008-09-01 12.24.12  5  ...............     76     0     0        46       1921961576        0                0  PARTIAL      online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdysgtpl pnr  2008-09-01 12.50.21  2008-09-01 12.51.44  0  ...............     76     1     0        46       1921961576       47       1921995257  PARTIAL      online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdysgwhl fnr  2008-09-01 13.20.41  2008-09-01 14.11.07  0  ...............     76    73     0        47       1921995257       48       1921997589  FULL         online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdyskxjz inr  2008-09-02 09.04.47  2008-09-02 09.04.52  3  ...............     76     0     0         2       1922062890        0                0  ............ ............... ................ ...... 7.00 (28)
bdyskxlr fnr  2008-09-02 09.05.31  2008-09-02 09.57.44  0  ...............     76    73     0         2       1922062890        3       1922116988  FULL         online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdyslfnt inr  2008-09-02 10.36.33  2008-09-02 10.52.39  0  ...............     76     1     0         3       1922116988        4       1922120831  INCR         online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)
bdysmtqz fnr  2008-09-02 18.08.37  2008-09-02 19.39.58  9  ...............     76    73     0         7       1922175876        8       1922783284  FULL         online          rman_util        ------ 7.00 (28)

(3).恢复备份信息文件bdyskxlr
brrestore -d util_file -b2 "#NULL" -m /oracle/SID/sapbackup/bdyskxlr.fnr

2.根据备份信息恢复数据库控制文件
test:oracle>cd /oracle/SID/sapbackup/
test:oracle>brrestore -b bdyskxlr.fnr -m 0

3.打开数据库到mount状态

test:oracle>sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL>startup mount

4.开始进行全库恢复

test:oracle>brrestore -b bdyskxlr.fnr -m all
  正在进行恢复，请耐心等待...

5.恢复archivelog

(1).恢复归档日志备份文件

test:oracle>brrestore -d util_file -b2 "#NULL" -m /oracle/SID/saparch/archSID.log
(2).检查归档备份文件，根据备份信息寻找要恢复的scn范围，如：2～3，开始恢复
test:oracle>brrestore -a 2-3 -d util_file

6.recover database

test:oracle>sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL>recover database using backup controlfile until time '2008-09-02 13:00:00';

    It's recover database,pls wait...

此时数据库会从achivelog中获取最大的scn，并与controlfile和datafile_header中checkpoint_change#.如果同步成功，则controlfile和datafile_header，以及datafile中start SCN,end scn都应该一直，否则数据库恢复有问题，打不开数据库。

7.打开数据库到open状态

test:oracle>sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL>alter database open resetlogs

如果不是完全恢复，则必须用resetlogs方式打开。