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基于zabbix API的命令行工具

分类： 系统运维

2015-09-21 17:46:11

 前段时间，公司扩张机器，一下来了几十台，虽然可以利用zabbix自动发现来添加监控项目，但是并不是每个监控项都可以实现自动添加，需要手动一台一台去添加，相当蛋疼麻烦，好在前段时间就已经发现这个问题了，于是自己写了个CLI 模式的添加工具，好记性不如烂笔头，现在是深有体会，脚本是基于python 2.6 的，代码如下

zabbix.py

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  1. #!/usr/bin/python
  2. #coding:utf-8
  3. #@desc A Simple Zabbix CLI Tool
  4. #@author luma
  5. #@email 825244020@qq.com
  6. #@date 2015.6.30


  9. from functools import wraps
  10. import sys
  11. import json
  12. import requests
  13. import sys
  14. from optparse import OptionParser


  17. def CheckLogin(func):
  18.     def wrapper(self,*args,**kwargs):
  19.         if not self.__checkauth__():
  20.             sys.exit('Not Login!')
  21.         return func(self,*args,**kwargs)
  22.     return wrapper


  25. class Zabbix(object):
  26.     """ A Zabbix Simple Python API on v2.6 """
  27.     uri = '/api_jsonrpc.php'

  29.     def __init__(self,ipaddr,timeout=300):
  30.         self.ipaddr = ipaddr
  31.         self.url = self.ipaddr+self.uri
  32.         self.timeout = timeout
  33.         self.auth=''

  35.     def Login(self,user,passwd):
  36.         obj = self.DoJSON('user.login',{'user':user, 'password': passwd},auth=False)
  37.         self.auth = self.DoRequest(obj)

  39.     def __checkauth__(self):
  40.         if self.auth:
  41.             return True
  42.         return False


  45.     def DoJSON(self,method,params={},auth=True):
  46.         obj = {
  47.             'jsonrpc': '2.0',
  48.             'method': method,
  49.             'params': params,
  50.             'auth': self.auth,
  51.              'id': 1
  52.         }
  53.         if not auth:del obj['auth']

  55.         return json.dumps(obj)


  58.     def DoRequest(self,params):
  59.         headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json;charset=utf-8"}
  60.         try:
  61.             response = requests.post(self.url,data=params,headers=headers,timeout=self.timeout)
  62.         except Exception, e:
  63.             print 'exception:'+e
  64.         else:
  65.             if response.status_code != 200:
  66.                 print 'request error %s' % response.status_code
  67.             try:
  68.                 #print response.text
  69.                 rsp = json.loads(response.text)
  70.                 if rsp.has_key('error'):
  71.                    print rsp['error']
  72.                 else:
  73.                    return rsp['result']
  74.             except Exception,e:
  75.                 print e

  77.     @CheckLogin
  78.     def DoAction(self,method,params):
  79.         o = self.DoJSON(method,params)
  80.         return self.DoRequest(o)


  83. '''check item exists'''
  84. def CheckExist(method):
  85.     item = method.split('.')[0].capitalize()
  86.     def decorator(fn):
  87.         @wraps(fn)
  88.         def wrapper(self,*args,**kwargs):
  89.             kw = args[0]
  90.             _index = ['host','name','expression','_key']
  91.             for i in _index:
  92.                 if kw.has_key(i):
  93.                     if self.universal(method,{'name':kw.get(i)}):
  94.                         if item == 'Item':
  95.                             print "ERROR::[\033[40;32m%s\033[0m:\033[40;31m%s\033[0m] is already exists" % (kw.get('host'),kw.get('key'))
  96.                         else:
  97.                             print "ERROR::[\033[40;32m%s\033[0m:\033[40;31m%s\033[0m] is already exists" % (item,kw.get(i))
  98.                     else:
  99.                         fn(self,*args,**kwargs)
  100.                     break
  101.         return wrapper
  102.     return decorator

  104. '''import from file '''
  105. def ImportObject(idx,tag):
  106.     def decorator(fn):
  107.         @wraps(fn)
  108.         def wrapper(self,*args,**kwargs):
  109.             file = args[0].get('file')
  110.             m = fn(self,*args,**kwargs)
  111.             with open(file) as f:
  112.                 hosts = [ x.strip('\n') for x in f.readlines()]
  113.                 if tag == 'host':
  114.                     for h in hosts:
  115.                         if len(h):L = h.split('\t')
  116.                         L[0] = dict(self.ifcfg,ip=L[0])
  117.                         L[2] = L[2].split(',')
  118.                         L[3] = L[3].split(',')
  119.                         m(dict(zip(idx,L)))
  120.                 else:
  121.                     for h in hosts:
  122.                         if len(h):L = h.split('\t') #tab 分割符号
  123.                         m(dict(zip(idx,L)))
  124.         return wrapper
  125.     return decorator


  128. class Worker():
  129.     """A Zabbix Worker Class"""

  131.     def __init__(self, url,user='Admin',password='zabbix',**kw):
  132.         self.zbx = Zabbix(url)
  133.         self.zbx.Login(user,password)
  134.         self.ifcfg = {
  135.             "type": 1,
  136.             "main": 1,
  137.             "useip":1,
  138.             "dns": "",
  139.             "port": "10050"
  140.         }
  141.         if kw.has_key('ifcfg'):self.ifcfg = kw['ifcfg']


  144.     def getTemplateIdByName(self,tname,grep):
  145.         #qc = 'query' if sort else ['name','templateid'] python 三目操作
  146.         '''tname 可以是多个'''
  147.         params = {'output':grep,'filter':{'host':tname}}
  148.         return self.zbx.DoAction('template.get',params),

  150.     def getGroupIdByName(self,grpname,grep):
  151.         params = {'output':grep,'filter':{'name':grpname}}
  152.         return self.zbx.DoAction('hostgroup.get',params)

  154.     def getHostIdByName(self,name,grep):
  155.         params = {'output':grep,'filter':{'host':name}}
  156.         return self.zbx.DoAction('host.get',params)

  158.     def getAppIdByName(self,**kwargs):
  159.         #@kwargs => groupids,hostids,itemids
  160.         #params = {'output':'query','filter'}
  161.         pass

  163.     def getItemIdByHost(self,hosts=[],search={},grep=['query']):
  164.         hostid = self.getHostIdByName(hosts,['hostid'])
  165.         L = [ x['hostid'] for x in hostid]
  166.         params = { 'output':grep,'hostids':L,'search':search}
  167.         return self.zbx.DoAction('item.get',params)

  169.     def getInterfaceIdByHost(self,hostnames,grep):
  170.         hostids = self.getHostIdByName(hostnames,['query'])
  171.         params = {
  172.             'output':grep,
  173.             'hostids':hostids[0]['hostid']
  174.         }
  175.         return self.zbx.DoAction('hostinterface.get',params)

  177.     @CheckExist('host.exists')
  178.     def createHost(self,obj,**kwargs):
  179.         '''@name 主机名称
  180.            @groups 隶属组
  181.            @interfaces 接口配置
  182.            @templates 隶属模板
  183.         '''
  184.         groupids = self.getGroupIdByName(obj.get('groups'),['groupid'])
  185.         templateids = self.getTemplateIdByName(obj.get('templates'),['templateid'])
  186.         params = {
  187.             'host':obj.get('host'),
  188.             'interfaces':[obj.get('interfaces')], ##可以考虑默认属性
  189.             'groups':groupids,
  190.             'templates':templateids[0]
  191.         }
  192.         v = self.zbx.DoAction('host.create',dict(params,**kwargs))
  193.         print '%s created ' % obj.get('host')
  194.         return v

  196.    
  197.     @ImportObject(['interfaces','host','groups','templates'],'host')
  198.     def importHosts(self,obj):
  199.         print '''
  200.                   import file must be contains these fields desc,expression,host
  201.                   and no blank lines,Notice each field separate as Tab,eg:
  202.                   just a test system.cpu.load[all,avg1] howge1
  203.               '''
  204.         str = raw_input("Are you sure you file format is right?(y/Y): ")
  205.         if str in ['y','Y']:
  206.             return self.createHost
  207.         else:
  208.             sys.exit('Answer Y or y !')
  209.            
  210.     @CheckExist('hostgroup.exists')
  211.     def createGroup(self,obj):
  212.         '''@name 组名 '''
  213.         v = self.zbx.DoAction('hostgroup.create',obj)
  214.         print 'Hostgroup %s Created!' % obj.get('name')
  215.         return v

  217.     @CheckExist('template.exists')
  218.     def createTemplate(self,obj):
  219.         '''@groups 隶属组名
  220.            @hosts 主机成员
  221.         '''
  222.         groupids = self.getGroupIdByName(obj['groups'],['groupid'])
  223.         hostids = self.getHostIdByName(obj['hosts'],['hostid'])
  224.         params = {
  225.            'host':obj['host'],
  226.            'groups':groupids,
  227.            'hosts':hostids
  228.         }
  229.         return self.zbx.DoAction(params)

  231.     @CheckExist('item.exists')
  232.     def createItems(self,obj,type_v=0,value_type=3,delay=60,**kwargs):
  233.         '''@itemname item名称
  234.            @key item 键值
  235.            @hostname 主机名称
  236.         '''
  237.         hostid = self.getHostIdByName(obj['host'],['hostid'])
  238.         ifaceid = self.getInterfaceIdByHost(obj['host'],['query'])
  239.         params = {
  240.             'name' : obj.get('name'),
  241.             'key_' : obj.get('key'),
  242.             'hostid' : hostid[0]['hostid'],
  243.             'type' : type_v,
  244.             'value_type' : value_type,
  245.             'interfaceid' : ifaceid[0]['interfaceid'],
  246.             'delay' : delay
  247.         }
  248.         return self.zbx.DoAction('item.create',params)

  250.     @ImportObject(['name','key','host'],'items')
  251.     def importItems(self,obj):
  252.         print '''
  253.                   import file must be contains these fields ip,hostname,groups,templates
  254.                   and no blank lines,Notice each field separate as Tab,but groups and templates are
  255.                   separated as ',' eg:
  256.                   192.168.120.100 howge12 wanghao Zabbix servers,Template OS Linux
  257.               '''
  258.         str = raw_input("Are you sure you file format is right?(y/Y): ")
  259.         if str in ['y','Y']:
  260.             return self.createItems
  261.         else:
  262.             sys.exit()

  264.     @CheckExist('trigger.exists')
  265.     def createTrigger(self,obj,**kwargs):
  266.         '''@desc 触发器描述
  267.            @exp 表达式
  268.         '''
  269.         params = {
  270.             'description':obj.get('desc'),
  271.             'expression':obj.get('expression'),
  272.             'priority' : obj.get('level')
  273.         }
  274.         return self.zbx.DoAction('trigger.create',dict(params,**kwargs))
  275.     
  276.     @ImportObject(['desc','expression','level'],'trigger')
  277.     def importTrigger(self,obj):
  278.         print '''
  279.                  import file must be contains these fields name,expression,notice level and no blank lines
  280.                  eg:Test Disk I/O is overloaded on {HOST.NAME} {howge12:system.cpu.util[,iowait].avg(5m)}>30 5
  281.               '''
  282.         str = raw_input("Are you sure you file format is right?(y/Y): ")
  283.         if str in ['y','Y']:
  284.             return self.createTrigger
  285.         else:
  286.             sys.exit('Answer Y or y')

  288.     def createAPP(self,name='',hostname=''):
  289.         '''@name 应用名称
  290.            @hostname 隶属于主机
  291.         '''
  292.         hostid = self.getHostIdByName(hostname,['hostid'])
  293.         params = {
  294.             'name':name,
  295.             'hostid':hostid
  296.         }
  297.         ext = self.universal('application.exists',params)
  298.         if not ext:
  299.             return self.zbx.DoAction('application.create',params)
  300.         else:
  301.             print "Application: %s is already exists on host %s" % (name,hostname)

  303.     def universal(self,method,params):
  304.         return self.zbx.DoAction(method,params)
  305.    

  307.     @staticmethod
  308.     def getCLIOpts():
  309.         parser = OptionParser()
  310.         parser.add_option("-X","--action",dest="action",type='choice',action='store',choices=['add','query','del','import'],help="choose a Action in [query,add,del,import] ")
  311.         parser.add_option("-O","--object",dest="object",type='choice',action='store',choices=['host','temp','group','app','item','trigger'],help="add a host,group,tmplate,application or an item ")
  312.         parser.add_option("-H","--host",dest="host",help="hostname",action='append')
  313.         parser.add_option("-T","--template",dest="template",help='Add a Template,some groups within this Template!',action='append')
  314.         parser.add_option("-I","--item",dest="item",help='item must have a key and a host ')
  315.         parser.add_option("-N","--name",dest="name",help='names of object ')
  316.         parser.add_option("-G","--group",dest="group",help='group name ',action='append')
  317.         parser.add_option("--file",dest="file",help='import object from file ,specially this option only support Host object')
  318.         parser.add_option("--ipddr",dest="ipaddr",help='ip address')
  319.         parser.add_option("--item-key",dest="ikey",help='item key')
  320.         parser.add_option("--trigger-exp",dest="texp",help='trigger expression')
  321.         parser.add_option("--trigger-level",dest="tlevel",help='trigger notice level')
  322.         parser.add_option("--ifcfg",dest="ifcfg",help='default value is {"type": 1,"main": 1,"useip": 1,"dns": "","port": "10050"}',default={"type": 1,"main": 1,"useip": 1,"dns": "","port": "10050"})
  323.         parser.add_option("--filter",dest="filter",help='get filter field,referrence to Zabbix API doc',action='append')
  324.         (options, args) = parser.parse_args()
  325.         return (options,parser)

zbx_cli.py

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. #!/usr/bin/python
  2. #coding:utf8
  3. from zabbix import Worker

  5. #实例化自己的zabbix连接
  6. worker = Worker('http://192.168.120.221/zabbix')

  8. (options,parser) = Worker.getCLIOpts()

  10. ###添加操作######
  11. if options.action == 'add':
  12.    if options.object == 'host':
  13.        if options.file:
  14.            worker.importHosts({'file':options.file,'ifcfg':options.ifcfg})
  15.        else:
  16.           if not (options.name and options.group and options.template and options.ipaddr):
  17.              parser.error('hostname groups templates ipaddr are required!')
  18.           else:
  19.              G = (options.group)[0].split(',')
  20.              T = (options.template)[0].split(',')
  21.              #worker.createHost(options.name,groups=G,interfaces=dict(options.ifcfg,ip=options.ipaddr),templates=T)
  22.              worker.createHost({'host':options.name,'groups':G,'interfaces':dict(options.ifcfg,ip=options.ipaddr),'templates':T})
  23.    elif options.object == 'group':
  24.       if not options.name:
  25.          parser.error('group name is required!')
  26.       else:
  27.          worker.createGroup({'name':options.name})
  28.    elif options.object == 'temp':
  29.       if not (options.name and options.group and options.host):
  30.          parser.error('templatename and group and hosts are required!')
  31.       else:
  32.          G = (options.group)[0].split(',')
  33.          H = (options.host)[0].split(',')
  34.          worker.createTemplate({'host':options.name,'groups':G,'hosts':H})
  35.    elif options.object == 'item':
  36.       if options.file:
  37.           worker.importItems({'file':options.file})
  38.       else:
  39.           if not (options.name and options.host and options.ikey):
  40.              parser.error('item name,host must be specify and only one host allowed,item key expression required!')
  41.           else:
  42.              #如果需要添加额外的参数，请参考zabbix API,默认是60s
  43.              worker.createItems({'name':options.name,'key':options.ikey,'host':options.host})
  44.    elif options.object == 'trigger':
  45.       if options.file:
  46.           worker.importTrigger({'file':options.file})
  47.       else:
  48.           if not (options.name and options.texp and options.tlevel):
  49.              parser.error('trigger name and expression,trigger level are required!')
  50.           else:
  51.              #如果需要添加额外的参数，请参考zabbix API
  52.              worker.createTrigger({'desc':options.name,'expression':options.texp,'level':options.tlevel})

  54. ##查询操作###
  55. elif options.action == 'query':
  56.    if options.object == 'host':
  57.       pass
  58. ###更新操作###
  59. elif options.action == 'update':
  60.    if options.object == 'host':
  61.       pass
  62. ###删除操作##
  63. elif options.action == 'delete':
  64.    if options.object == 'host':
  65.       pass

使用方法:

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. 添加单台主机
  2. ./zbx_cli.py -X add -O host -N howge111 -G 'Zabbix servers',wanghao -T 'Template OS Linux' --ipddr=172.16.3.13
  4. 添加item
  5. ./zbx_cli.py -X add -O item -N JUST A TEST --item-key='system.cpu.load[all,avg1]' --host=howge1
  7. 添加触发器
  8. ./zbx_cli.py -X add -O trigger -N 'Test Disk I/O is overloaded on {HOST.NAME}' --trigger-exp='{howge12:system.cpu.util[,iowait].avg(5m)}>30' --trigger-level=4
  11. 添加Template
  12. ./zbx_cli.py -X add -O temp -N test_temp -G huhu,wanghao -H huhu,master,node1
  15. 批量导入Item
  16. ./zbx_cli.py -X add -O item --file=item.txt
  17. 文件格式
  18. just a test system.cpu.load[all,avg1] howge1
  21. 批量导入HOST
  22. ./zbx_cli.py -X add -O host --file=imp.txt
  23. 文件格式(Tab 分隔)
  25. 192.168.120.100 howge1 wanghao Zabbix servers,Template OS Linux
  27. 批量导入Trigger
  28. ./zbx_cli.py -X add -O trigger --file=trig.txt
  29. 文件格式
  30. Test Disk I/O is overloaded on {HOST.NAME} {howge12:system.cpu.util[,iowait].avg(5m)}>30 5

总结:由于其他原因，我仅仅只做了添加操作，希望借此抛砖引玉，转载请标明出处



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