PXE 无人值守网络安装 for CentOS

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#
#     环境介绍
#
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# 所用软件：         PXElinux DHCP TFTP APACHE Kickstart

# 实验环境操作系统： CentOS_5.2
# 目标操作系统:      CentOS_5.2
# tftp目录：         /tftpboot/
# 光盘镜像目录：     /data/CentOS_CD
# apache页面目录     /var/www/html/

 

 

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#        yum
#
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cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak

vi CentOS-Base.repo
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base

baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

[update]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=

[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

yum update

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#      apache
#
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yum install httpd.i386

yum list httpd.i386
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Loaded plugins: security
Installed Packages
httpd.i386              2.2.3-43.el5.centos               installed

service httpd start

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#        TFTPd
#
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yum install tftp-server.i386  # The server for the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).
yum install tftp.i386         # The client for the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).

vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
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# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /tftpboot
        disable                 = no      # 原由yes，改为no  启动ing
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

service xinetd restart

# 验证是否开启tftpd

netstat -unl                         
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:69                  0.0.0.0:*    

lsof -i:69                         
xinetd  26808 root    5u  IPv4  77410       UDP *:tftp

vim /tftpboot/text
text........

cd /
tftp -v localhost
Connected to CentOS-5.2 (127.0.0.1), port 69
tftp> get text
getting from CentOS-5.2:text to text [netascii]
Received 302 bytes in 0.4 seconds [5389 bit/s]
tftp>
ls
text    # 启动成功

 

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#        DHCPd
#
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yun isntall dhcp.i386    # DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server and relay agent.

cd /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.5 /etc/dhcpd.conf

vi /etc/dhcpd.conf
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
filename "/pxelinux.0";

allow booting;
allow bootp;

subnet 192.168.13.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

# --- default gateway
        option routers                  192.168.13.1;
        next-server                     192.168.13.1;
        option subnet-mask              255.255.255.0;

#       option nis-domain               "domain.org";
        option domain-name              "tom.com";
        option domain-name-servers      192.168.13.1;

        option time-offset              -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
#       option ntp-servers              192.168.1.1;
#       option netbios-name-servers     192.168.1.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
#       option netbios-node-type 2;

        range dynamic-bootp 192.168.13.200 192.168.13.205;
        default-lease-time 21600;
        max-lease-time 43200;

        # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address
#       host ns {
#               next-server marvin.redhat.com;
#               hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;
#               fixed-address 207.175.42.254;
#       }
}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

service dhcpd stop

# 验证

netstat -unl
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67                  0.0.0.0:*

lsof -i:67
dhcpd 31444 root 5u ipv4 86738 UDP *:bootps

 

#####################
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#   添加DVD光盘内容
#
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mkdir /mnt/cdrom
mkdir /data/CentOS_CD
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
cp -R /mnt/cdrom/* /data/CentOS_CD
ln -s /data/CentOS_CD /var/www/html/CentOS_CD

ll /data/CentOS_CD
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total 424
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     34 May 13 20:28 1.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 155648 May 13 19:49 CentOS
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    212 May 13 19:49 EULA
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  18009 May 13 19:49 GPL
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root   4096 May 13 19:49 images
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   4096 May 13 19:49 isolinux
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      0 May 13 20:24 ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   4096 May 13 19:49 NOTES
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    655 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-cs
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1401 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-cs.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    839 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-de
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1571 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-de.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    694 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-en
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1367 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-en.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    694 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-en_US
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1367 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    788 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-es
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1619 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-es.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    852 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-fr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1641 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-fr.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    766 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-ja
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1565 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-ja.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    706 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-nl
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1433 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-nl.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    752 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-pt_BR
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1480 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-pt_BR.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    801 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-ro
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1473 May 13 19:49 RELEASE-NOTES-ro.html
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   4096 May 13 19:49 repodata
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1512 May 13 19:49 RPM-GPG-KEY-beta
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1504 May 13 19:49 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   7048 May 13 19:49 TRANS.TBL
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#####################
#
#   /tftpboot/*
#
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# 1. pxelinux.0
cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot

# 2. 拷贝安装盘中的/image/pxeboot/initrd.img，vmlinuz 这两个文件
cp /data/CentOS_CD/images/pxeboot/initrd.img /tftpboot
cp /data/CentOS_CD/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz /tftpboot

# 3. 拷贝安装盘中的/isolinux/*.msg
cp /data/CentOS_CD/isolinux/*.msg /tftpboot

# 4. 创建/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default, 拷贝现成文件/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
cp /data/CentOS_CD/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

vi /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
--------------------------------------------------------------
default linux
prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg

F1 boot.msg
F2 options.msg
F3 general.msg
F4 param.msg
F5 rescue.msg

label local
  localboot 1

label linux
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img
 
label text
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img text

label autoinstall
  kernel vmlinuz
  append ks= initrd=initrd.img
--------------------------------------------------------------

 

#####################
#
#    kickstart
#
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#  进入到 X ，在超级终端输入 system-config-kickstart，程序运行。 生成ks.cfg

yum install system-config-kickstart

cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/