通过Java JDBC 访问SAP IQ数据库的基本方法

   在编写Java应用时，我们使用jdbc访问数据库。对于SAP IQ数据库来说可以使用两种jdbc驱动访问它，一种是通过SAP Sybase jConnect Driver，另一种是iAnywhere (sqlanywhere) JDBC Drvier。前者是JDBC类型4驱动，即纯java实现，只需要jar包即可；而后者除了java包之外还需要安装IQ客户端软件。在这篇文章中结合java示例程序向大家介绍这两种驱动的基本使用方法。
一、jConnect Driver
    jConnect Driver可以访问SAP ASE和SAP IQ两种数据库，使用的driver class和driver url对于两种数据库是相同的。支持jdbc 3.0的java jar包名为jconn3.jar，支持jdbc 4.0的java jar包为jconn4.jar。
   Driver Class (jdbc 3.0)：  com.sybase.jdbc3.jdbc.SybDriver   
   Driver Class (jdbc 4.0)：  com.sybase.jdbc4.jdbc.SybDriver
   JDBC URL： jdbc:sybase:Tds:192.168.0.199:2638/iqdemo     #iqdemo是只数据库名

二、iAnywhere (sqlanywhere) JDBC Drvier
    iAnywhere (sqlanywhere) JDBC Drvier 在不同的IQ版本下驱动类和jdbc url会有不同，下面将详细说明：
1. IQ 16
   Driver Class (jdbc 4.0)：  sybase.jdbc4.sqlanywhere.IDriver  
   JDBC URL： jdbc:sqlanywhere:eng=HAIQ-DB-01_iqdemo;links=tcpip(host=192.168.0.199;port=2638)
   java jar包：$IQDIR16/java/sajdbc4.jar
   注意： IQ 16客户端只包含jdbc 4.0驱动，不再包含jdbc 3.0驱动。如果希望使用jdbc 3.0驱动的话，可以使用IQ 15.4客户端。
2. IQ 15.4
    Driver Class (jdbc 3.0)：  sybase.jdbc.sqlanywhere.IDriver   
    Driver Class (jdbc 4.0)：  sybase.jdbc4.sqlanywhere.IDriver       #与IQ 16相同
    JDBC URL： jdbc:sqlanywhere:eng=HAIQ-DB-01_iqdemo;links=tcpip(host=192.168.0.199;port=2638)
    java jar包(jdbc 3.0)：$IQDIR15/java/sajdbc.jar
    java jar包(jdbc 4.0)：$IQDIR15/java/sajdbc4.jar
3. IQ 15.2
    Driver Class (jdbc 3.0)：  ianywhere.ml.jdbcodbc.jdbc3.IDriver
    Driver Class (jdbc 4.0)：  ianywhere.ml.jdbcodbc.jdbc4.IDriver      
    JDBC URL： jdbc:ianywhere:driver=SQL Anywhere 11;eng=HAIQ-DB-01_iqdemo;links=tcpip(host=192.168.0.199;port=2638)
    java jar包(jdbc 3.0)：$IQDIR15/java/jodbc.jar
    java jar包(jdbc 4.0)：$IQDIR15/java/jodbc4.jar

三、一个java程序示例
 

package net.db.test;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * JDBC Sample.
 *
 * @author wangbing
 * @version CVS $Revision$ $Date$
 */
public class JDBCDemoIQ {

 // jConnect Driver
 //private static final String DRIVER = "com.sybase.jdbc3.jdbc.SybDriver";   //jdbc 3.0
 //private static final String DRIVER = "com.sybase.jdbc4.jdbc.SybDriver";   //jdbc 4.0
 //private static final String URL = "jdbc:sybase:Tds:192.168.0.199:2638/iqdemo";

 
 // iAnywhere Driver for sqlanywhere 12.0.1(IQ 15.4 Client) and sqlanywhere 16(IQ 16 Client)
 //private static final String DRIVER = "sybase.jdbc.sqlanywhere.IDriver";    //jdbc 3.0
 private static final String DRIVER = "sybase.jdbc4.sqlanywhere.IDriver";  //jdbc 4.0
 private static final String URL = "jdbc:sqlanywhere:eng=HAIQ-DB-01_iqdemo;links=tcpip(host=192.168.0.199;port=2638)";

 // iAnywhere Driver for sqlanywhere 11.0.1(IQ 15.2 Client)
 //private static final String DRIVER = "ianywhere.ml.jdbcodbc.jdbc3.IDriver";   //jdbc 3.0
 //private static final String DRIVER = "ianywhere.ml.jdbcodbc.jdbc4.IDriver";   //jdbc 3.0
 //private static final String URL = "jdbc:ianywhere:driver=SQL Anywhere 11;eng=HAIQ-DB-01_iqdemo;links=tcpip(host=192.168.0.199;port=2638)";

 public JDBCDemoIQ() {

 }

 
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  JDBCDemoIQ demo = new JDBCDemoIQ();
  try {
   demo.select();
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

 public void select() throws Exception {
  Connection con = this.getConnection(DRIVER, URL, "DBA", "sql");
  PreparedStatement pstmt = con
    .prepareStatement("select id, GivenName || Surname as name from Customers where Surname like 'A%'");
  ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
  this.processResult(rs);
  this.closeConnection(con, pstmt);

 }

 private void processResult(ResultSet rs) throws Exception {
  if (rs.next()) {
   ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
   int colNum = rsmd.getColumnCount();
   for (int i = 1; i <= colNum; i++) {
    if (i == 1) {
     System.out.print(rsmd.getColumnName(i));
    } else {
     System.out.print("\t" + rsmd.getColumnName(i));
    }

   }
   System.out.print("\n");
   System.out.println("-----------------------");
   do {
    for (int i = 1; i <= colNum; i++) {
     if (i == 1) {
      System.out.print(rs.getString(i));
     } else {
      System.out.print("\t"
        + (rs.getString(i) == null ? "null" : rs
          .getString(i).trim()));
     }

    }
    System.out.print("\n");
   } while (rs.next());
  } else {
   System.out.println("query not result.");
  }

 }

 private Connection getConnection(String driver, String url, String user,
   String password) throws Exception {
  Class.forName(driver);
  return DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

 }

 private void closeConnection(Connection con, Statement stmt)
   throws Exception {
  if (stmt != null) {
   stmt.close();
  }
  if (con != null) {
   con.close();
  }
 }

}