归档模式下多个数据文件丢失RMAN恢复步骤

一个或多个数据文件丢失，oracle启动时会报错：

[oracle@localhost orcl]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Nov 20 09:47:58 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1031356416 bytes
Fixed Size                  2219832 bytes
Variable Size             687866056 bytes
Database Buffers          335544320 bytes
Redo Buffers                5726208 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 6: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf'


SQL> alter database datafile 6 offline;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>

对丢失的数据文件离线处理后，打开数据库，下面使用rman恢复丢失的数据文件：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target/

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Nov 20 09:49:07 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1321265761)

RMAN> restore datafile 6;

Starting restore at 2012-11-20 09:49:21
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=27 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_11_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20121119T171847_8bmycqht_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_11_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20121119T171847_8bmycqht_.bkp tag=TAG20121119T171847
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 2012-11-20 09:49:24

RMAN> recover datafile 6;

Starting recover at 2012-11-20 09:49:37
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 2012-11-20 09:49:38
RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 6 online';

sql statement: alter database datafile 6 online

RMAN>

至此，丢失的数据文件恢复完毕