Redhat Linux下安装mhvtl虚拟磁带库-转

mhvtl是一个在linux下的虚拟带宽软件，可以在系统中将磁盘虚拟成一个虚拟磁带库，可以配置Networker或者netbackup等备份软件进行数据的备份及恢复。同时也可以作为学习磁带库搭建一个实验环境。

安装支持包，其中mtx、mt-st是磁带操作工具，lsscsi是scsi设备管理工具。

[root@a ~]# yum install gcc mtx mt-st zlib-devel sg3_devel kernel-devel

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================
 Package                 Arch       Version          Repository        Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
 gcc                     i386       4.1.2-48.el5     base              5.2 M
 kernel-devel            i686       2.6.18-194.el5   base              5.4 M
 mt-st                   i386       0.9b-2.2.2       base               39 k
 mtx                     i386       1.2.18-9         base               95 k
 zlib-devel              i386       1.2.3-3          base              100 k
Installing for dependencies:
 glibc-devel             i386       2.5-49           base              2.0 M
 glibc-headers           i386       2.5-49           base              601 k
 libgomp                 i386       4.4.0-6.el5      base               70 k
Updating for dependencies:
 cpp                     i386       4.1.2-48.el5     base              2.6 M
 glibc                   i686       2.5-49           base              5.2 M
 glibc-common            i386       2.5-49           base               16 M
 libgcc                  i386       4.1.2-48.el5     base               95 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install      8 Package(s)        
Update       4 Package(s)        
Remove       0 Package(s)        

Total download size: 38 M

[root@a ~]# yum install lsscsi kernel-headers kernel

创建用户

[root@a ~]# useradd vtl
[root@a ~]# passwd vtl
Changing password for user vtl.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is WAY too short
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@a ~]#

创建目录

[root@a ~]# mkdir /opt/mhvtl
[root@a ~]# mkdir /etc/mhvtl
[root@a ~]# chown -Rf vtl:vtl /opt/mhvtl/
[root@a ~]# chown -Rf vtl:vtl /etc/mhvtl/

下载软件，这个地址被墙了，请翻墙下载。

下载后将源文件复制到/tmp目录，解压。

安装内核

[root@a tmp]# cd mhvtl-0.18/
[root@a mhvtl-0.18]# cd kernel/
[root@a kernel]# make && make install

安装mhvtl虚拟带宽

[root@a kernel]# cd ..
[root@a mhvtl-0.18]# make

在这个过程中会出现如下错误，不要理会。

vtlcart.c:249: 警告：格式 ‘%lld’ 需要类型 ‘long long int’，但实参 4 的类型为 ‘uint32_t’

执行安装

[root@a mhvtl-0.18]# make install

启动mhvtl虚拟带宽

[root@a mhvtl-0.18]# /etc/init.d/mhvtl start

启动过程中会出现如下错误，是导入虚拟带宽配置出错，系统自动生成一个新的配置文件，不要理会

Could not locate library config file: /etc/mhvtl/library_contents.10
Creating a default one
Please stop mhvtl & edit /etc/mhvtl/library_contents.10 to suit your requirements

Could not locate library config file: /etc/mhvtl/library_contents.30
Creating a default one
Please stop mhvtl & edit /etc/mhvtl/library_contents.30 to suit your requirements
which: no setuidgid in (/usr/bin:/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/bin)

停止mhvtl虚拟带库

[root@a mhvtl-0.18]# /etc/init.d/mhvtl stop
shutdown of mhvtl
   Sending exit to 11
   Sending exit to 12
   Sending exit to 13
   Sending exit to 14
   Sending exit to 31
   Sending exit to 32
   Sending exit to 33
   Sending exit to 34
   Sending exit to 10
   Sending exit to 30

重新启动mhvtl虚拟带库，不会再报上述错误。

[root@a mhvtl-0.18]# /etc/init.d/mhvtl start
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtltape: version 0.18.11
vtllibrary: version 0.18.11
vtllibrary process PID is 6017
vtllibrary: version 0.18.11
vtllibrary process PID is 6141
[root@a mhvtl-0.18]#

至此mhvtl虚拟带库安装完毕。

查看配置文件

[root@b ~]# cat /etc/mhvtl/mhvtl.conf

# Home directory for config file(s)
MHVTL_CONFIG_PATH=/etc/mhvtl

# Default media capacity (500 M)
CAPACITY=500 //磁带容量

# Set default verbosity [0|1|2|3]
VERBOSE=1

# Set kernel module debuging [0|1]
VTL_DEBUG=0

查看虚拟带库设备，可以看到两个机械臂和8个驱动器

[root@b ~]# lsscsi -g
[1:0:0:0]    mediumx STK      L700             550V  -         /dev/sg10
[1:0:1:0]    tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD5      550V  /dev/st0  /dev/sg2
[1:0:2:0]    tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD5      550V  /dev/st1  /dev/sg3
[1:0:3:0]    tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD4      550V  /dev/st2  /dev/sg4
[1:0:4:0]    tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD4      550V  /dev/st3  /dev/sg5
[1:0:8:0]    mediumx SPECTRA  PYTHON           550V  -         /dev/sg11
[1:0:9:0]    tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD4      550V  /dev/st4  /dev/sg6
[1:0:10:0]   tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD4      550V  /dev/st5  /dev/sg7
[1:0:11:0]   tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD4      550V  /dev/st6  /dev/sg8
[1:0:12:0]   tape    IBM      ULT3580-TD4      550V  /dev/st7  /dev/sg9

查看机械臂状态，4个驱动器，43个槽位

[root@b ~]# mtx -f /dev/sg10 status
  Storage Changer /dev/sg10:4 Drives, 43 Slots ( 4 Import/Export )
Data Transfer Element 0:Empty
Data Transfer Element 1:Empty
Data Transfer Element 2:Empty
Data Transfer Element 3:Empty
      Storage Element 1:Full :VolumeTag=E01001L4                           
      Storage Element 2:Full :VolumeTag=E01002L4                           
      Storage Element 3:Full :VolumeTag=E01003L4                           
      Storage Element 4:Full :VolumeTag=E01004L4                           
      Storage Element 5:Full :VolumeTag=E01005L4                           
      Storage Element 6:Full :VolumeTag=E01006L4                           
      Storage Element 7:Full :VolumeTag=E01007L4                           
      Storage Element 8:Full :VolumeTag=E01008L4                           
      Storage Element 9:Full :VolumeTag=E01009L4                           
      Storage Element 10:Full :VolumeTag=E01010L4                           
      Storage Element 11:Full :VolumeTag=E01011L4                           
      Storage Element 12:Full :VolumeTag=E01012L4                           
      Storage Element 13:Full :VolumeTag=E01013L4                           
      Storage Element 14:Full :VolumeTag=E01014L4                           
      Storage Element 15:Full :VolumeTag=E01015L4                           
      Storage Element 16:Full :VolumeTag=E01016L4                           
      Storage Element 17:Full :VolumeTag=E01017L4                           
      Storage Element 18:Full :VolumeTag=E01018L4                           
      Storage Element 19:Full :VolumeTag=E01019L4                           
      Storage Element 20:Full :VolumeTag=E01020L4  

将1槽位的磁带放到0驱动器里

[root@b ~]# mtx -f /dev/sg10 load 1 0

再看机械臂状态

[root@b ~]# mtx -f /dev/sg10 status
  Storage Changer /dev/sg10:4 Drives, 43 Slots ( 4 Import/Export )
Data Transfer Element 0:Full (Storage Element 1 Loaded):VolumeTag = E01001L4                           
Data Transfer Element 1:Empty
Data Transfer Element 2:Empty
Data Transfer Element 3:Empty

往磁带上写数据

[root@b ~]# tar -cvf /dev/st0 liusuping.com.txt
liusuping.com.txt

查看磁带上的数据

[root@b ~]# tar -tvf /dev/st0
-rw-r--r-- root/root         0 2010-11-09 11:53:41 liusuping.com.txt
[root@b ~]#

对虚拟带库的操作和真实的物理带库是一样的。