(G)vim+Latexsuite 安装和配置

部分内容参照：documentation/latex-suite-quickstart.html
http://hi.baidu.com/pkucbj/blog/item/6e859e3de24c1ae93c6d9707.html，在此表示感激！

测试环境：Debian Squeeze+TeXLive2009, VIM - Vi IMproved 7.2

 1. sudo apt-get install  vim-gnome

 2. $ mkdir ~/.vim
     然后下载latexSuite20060325.tar.gz（或者到下载，比如说vim-latex-1.8.23-20100129-r1104.tar.gz），并解压到该目录
$ tar zxvf latexSuite20060325.tar.gz  && mv latexSuite20060325/* .vim/

 3. 建立配置文件~/.vimrc和~/.gvimrc，内容为如下：

这里是.vimrc的内容:

" .vimrc 文件从这里开始
"项目: gvim 配置文件
"作者: yonsan
"安装: sudo apt-get install vim-gtk
"用法: 将本文件(.vimrc)拷贝到$HOME/

"设置自动换行
set wrap

"用 murphy 调色板
colo murphy
"设置用于GUI图形用户界面的字体列表。
" set guifont=SimSun\ 10

" set nocompatible
"设定文件浏览器目录为当前目录
set bsdir=buffer
set autochdir
"设置编码
set enc=utf-8
"设置文件编码
set fenc=utf-8
"设置文件编码检测类型及支持格式
set fencs=utf-8,ucs-bom,gb18030,gbk,gb2312,cp936
"指定菜单语言
set langmenu=zh_CN.UTF-8
source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
"设置语法高亮度
"set syn=cpp
if &t_Co > 1
syntax enable
endif
"显示行号
set nu!
"查找结果高亮度显示
set hlsearch
"tab宽度
set tabstop=4
"set cindent shiftwidth=4
"set autoindent shiftwidth=4
"C/C++注释
"set comments=://
"修正自动C式样注释功能 <2005/07/16>
"set comments=s1:/*,mb:*,ex0:/
"增强检索功能
"set tags=./tags,./../tags,./**/tags
"保存文件格式
set fileformats=unix,dos
"键盘操作
"map gk
"map gj
"命令行高度
set cmdheight=1
"中文帮助
if version > 603
set helplang=cn
endi

"为了latex-suite
"IMPORTANT: grep will sometimes skip displaying the file name if you
"search in a singe file. This will confuse latex-suite. Set your grep
"program to alway generate a file-name.
set grepprg=grep\ -nH\ $*

"EOF .vimrc 的尾


" REQUIRED. This makes vim invoke Latex-Suite when you open a tex file.
filetype plugin on

" IMPORTANT: win32 users will need to have 'shellslash' set so that latex
" can be called correctly.
set shellslash

" IMPORTANT: grep will sometimes skip displaying the file name if you
" search in a singe file. This will confuse Latex-Suite. Set your grep
" program to always generate a file-name.
set grepprg=grep\ -nH\ $*

" OPTIONAL: This enables automatic indentation as you type.
filetype indent on

" OPTIONAL: Starting with Vim 7, the filetype of empty .tex files defaults to
" 'plaintex' instead of 'tex', which results in vim-latex not being loaded.
" The following changes the default filetype back to 'tex':
let g:tex_flavor='latex'

"Set mapleader
let mapleader = ""
".vimrc文件在这里结束

#################################################
这里是.gvimrc的内容：

" .gvimrc 从这里开始
"项目: gvim 配置文件
"作者: yonsan
"安装: sudo apt-get install vim-gtk
"用法: 将本文件(.vimrc)拷贝到$HOME/
"修改: Tiao Lu


"用 murphy 调色板
"colo murphy
"设置用于GUI图形用户界面的字体列表。
" set guifont=SimSun\ 10

" set nocompatible
"设定文件浏览器目录为当前目录
set bsdir=buffer
set autochdir
"设置编码
set enc=utf-8
"设置文件编码
set fenc=utf-8
"设置文件编码检测类型及支持格式
set fencs=utf-8,ucs-bom,gb18030,gbk,gb2312,cp936
"指定菜单语言
set langmenu=zh_CN.UTF-8
source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
"设置语法高亮度
"set syn=cpp
if &t_Co > 1
syntax enable
endif
"显示行号
set nu!
"查找结果高亮度显示
set hlsearch
"tab宽度
set tabstop=4
"set cindent shiftwidth=4
"set autoindent shiftwidth=4
"C/C++注释
"set comments=://
"修正自动C式样注释功能 <2005/07/16>
"set comments=s1:/*,mb:*,ex0:/
"增强检索功能
"set tags=./tags,./../tags,./**/tags
"保存文件格式
set fileformats=unix,dos
"键盘操作
"map gk
"map gj
"命令行高度
set cmdheight=1
"中文帮助
if version > 603
set helplang=cn
endi

" =============================================================================
" PART 1 : FOR GVIM
" =============================================================================

" {{{ Syntax highlighiting settings
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Switch syntax highlighting on, when the terminal has colors
" Also switch on highlighting the last used search pattern.
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")
syntax on
set hlsearch
endif
" }}}


" {{{ color settings
if &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" This color scheme uses a dark grey background.
" This theme, based on evening (with some input from Torte) is designed to
" seperate active text (code) from background/line numbers/folds/listchars by
" having different background colors on the non-code and the code (just
" slightly). If you look at the screenshot below, you will get the idea.
" All non-code(include indents) and string literals have a black background
" while code has a very dark grey background.
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
set background=dark
hi clear
if exists("syntax_on")
    syntax reset
endif

"let colors_name = "yonsan"

" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Primary (hyper/selected/colored background)
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Search
hi IncSearch guibg=black guifg=cyan
hi Search guibg=black guifg=cyan

" Visual
hi Visual guibg=black guifg=yellow
hi VisualNOS guibg=black guifg=yellow gui=underline

" Borders
hi StatusLine guibg=black guifg=white
hi StatusLineNC guibg=grey22 guifg=grey45
hi VertSplit guibg=black guifg=grey45

" Cursors
hi Cursor guibg=white guifg=black
hi lCursor guibg=white guifg=black

" Diff
hi DiffText guibg=red guifg=white gui=bold
hi DiffAdd guibg=darkblue guifg=white
hi DiffChange guibg=darkmagenta guifg=white
hi DiffDelete guibg=darkcyan guifg=blue gui=bold

" Misc
hi Title guifg=magenta gui=bold
hi Question guibg=black guifg=green gui=bold
hi Todo guibg=black guifg=cyan
hi Error guibg=red guifg=white
hi WildMenu guibg=cyan guifg=black


" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Primary (active/code/text/grey background)
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Normal
hi Normal guibg=grey22 guifg=white

" Constants
hi Constant guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffa0a0
hi String guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffa0a0
hi Character guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffa0a0
hi Number guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffa0a0
hi Boolean guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffa0a0
hi Float guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffa0a0

" Identifier
hi Identifier guibg=grey22 guifg=#40ffff
hi Function guibg=grey22 guifg=#40ffff

" Statement
hi Statement guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60
hi Conditional guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60
hi Repeat guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60
hi Label guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60
hi Operator guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60
hi Keyword guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60
hi Exception guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60

" PreProc
hi PreProc guibg=grey22 guifg=#ff80ff
hi Include guibg=grey22 guifg=#ff80ff
hi Define guibg=grey22 guifg=#ff80ff
hi Macro guibg=grey22 guifg=#ff80ff
hi PreCondit guibg=grey22 guifg=#ff80ff

" Type
hi Type guibg=grey22 guifg=#60ff60
hi StorageClass guibg=grey22 guifg=#60ff60
hi Structure guibg=grey22 guifg=#60ff60
hi Typedef guibg=grey22 guifg=#60ff60

" Special
hi Special guibg=grey22 guifg=orange
hi SpecialChar guibg=grey22 guifg=orange
hi Tag guibg=grey22 guifg=orange
hi Delimiter guibg=grey22 guifg=orange
hi Debug guibg=grey22 guifg=orange

" Misc
hi Underlined guibg=grey22 guifg=#ffff60 gui=underline


" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Secondary (inactive/black background)
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Comments
hi Comment guibg=black guifg=#80a0ff
hi SpecialComment guibg=black guifg=#80a0ff gui=underline

" Messages
hi ModeMsg guibg=black guifg=white gui=bold
hi MoreMsg guibg=black guifg=seagreen gui=bold
hi WarningMsg guibg=black guifg=blue gui=bold
hi ErrorMsg guibg=black guifg=red gui=bold

" Folding
hi Folded guibg=black guifg=grey45
hi FoldColumn guibg=black guifg=grey45

" Misc
hi Ignore guibg=black guifg=grey45
hi NonText guibg=black guifg=grey45
hi LineNr guibg=black guifg=grey45
hi SpecialKey guibg=black guifg=grey45
hi SignColumn guibg=black guifg=grey45
hi Directory guibg=black guifg=cyan

endif
" }}}

if &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")
    set columns=120 lines=40       " don't inherit geometry from parent term
    set mousemodel=popup          " right mouse button pops up a menu in the GUI
    set backspace=2         " make backspace work normal
    set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l " backspace and cursor keys wrap to
    set mouse=a             " use mouse everywhere
    set matchtime=5         " 1/10 second to show the matching paren
    set listchars=tab:\|\ ,trail:.,extends:>,precedes:<,eol:$ " what to show when :set list
    set scrolloff=10        " minimal number of screen lines to keep above and below the cursor
    set novisualbell        " use visual bell instead of beeping
    " For bug 33327, add a mapping which allows shift-insert to function
    " as expected in insert and command-line modes
    map! *

    source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
    source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
   
    if filereadable("/etc/vim/gvimrc.local")
        source /etc/vim/gvimrc.local
    endif
endif

""=============================================================================
" PART 2 : FOR VIM
" =============================================================================
"
" {{{ General settings
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" The following are some sensible defaults for Vim for most users.
" We attempt to change as little as possible from Vim's defaults,
" deviating only where it makes sense
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
set nocompatible        " Use Vim defaults (much better!)
set bs=2                " Allow backspacing over everything in insert mode
set ai                  " Always set auto-indenting on
set history=1000        " keep 50 lines of command history
set ruler               " Show the cursor position all the time
set nu!            " Show number on left
set viminfo='20,\"500   " Keep a .viminfo file.
" Don't use Ex mode, use Q for formatting
map Q gq

" When doing tab completion, give the following files lower priority. You may
" wish to set 'wildignore' to completely ignore files, and 'wildmenu' to enable
" enhanced tab completion. These can be done in the user vimrc file.
set suffixes+=.info,.aux,.log,.dvi,.bbl,.out,.nav,.toc,.snm

" When displaying line numbers, don't use an annoyingly wide number column. This
" doesn't enable line numbers -- :set number will do that. The value given is a
" minimum width to use for the number column, not a fixed size.
if v:version >= 700
    set numberwidth=3
endif
" }}}

" {{{ Modeline isettings
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" We don't allow modelines by default. See bug #14088 and bug #73715.
" If you're not concerned about these, you can enable them on a per-user
" basis by adding "set modeline" to your ~/.vimrc file.
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
set nomodeline
" }}}

" {{{ Locale settingsi
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Try to come up with some nice sane GUI fonts. Also try to set a sensible
" value for fileencodings based upon locale. These can all be overridden in
" the user vimrc file.
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

" {{{ Filetype iplugin settings
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Enable plugin-provided filetype settings, but only if the ftplugin
" directory exists (which it won't on livecds, for example).
" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if isdirectory(expand("$VIMRUNTIME/ftplugin"))
filetype plugin on

" Uncomment the next line (or copy to your ~/.vimrc) for plugin-provided
" indent settings. Some people don't like these, so we won't turn them on by
" default.
" filetype indent on
endif
" }}}

" {{{ Fix &shell, see biug #101665.
if "" == &shell
if executable("/bin/bash")
    set shell=/bin/bash
elseif executable("/bin/sh")
    set shell=/bin/sh
endif
endif
"}}}

if &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")
    set laststatus=2        " always show the status line
    set statusline=%<%f%h%m%r%=%{&ff}\ %l,%c%V\ \ \tab\:%{ShowTab()}\ %P
    fu ShowTab()
        return (indent('.') / &ts )
    endf
    set linespace=1         " space it out a little more (easier to read)
    set wildmenu            " turn on wild menu, try typing :h and press
    set ai                  " autoindent
    set si                    " smartindent
    set fo=tcrqn            " see help (complex)
    set cindent                " do C-style indenting
    set tabstop=4            " tab spacing (settings below are just to unify it)
    set softtabstop=4        " unify
    set shiftwidth=4        " unify
    set noexpandtab            " real tabs please!
    set smarttab            " use tabs at the start of a line, spaces elsewhere
    set nowrap                " do not wrap lines
    " Use a sufficiently wide window automatically when started as "gvimdiff"
    if (&foldmethod == 'diff')
        set columns=165
    endif
endif
 
" {{{ Our default /bin/ish is bash, not ksh, so syntax highlighting for .sh
" files should default to bash. See :help sh-syntax and bug #101819.
if has("eval")
let is_bash=1
endif
" }}}

" {{{ Autocommandsi
if has("autocmd")


endif " has("autocmd")
" }}}

" REQUIRED. This makes vim invoke Latex-Suite when you open a tex file.
filetype plugin on

" IMPORTANT: win32 users will need to have 'shellslash' set so that latex
" can be called correctly.
set shellslash

" IMPORTANT: grep will sometimes skip displaying the file name if you
" search in a singe file. This will confuse Latex-Suite. Set your grep
" program to always generate a file-name.
set grepprg=grep\ -nH\ $*

" OPTIONAL: This enables automatic indentation as you type.
filetype indent on

" OPTIONAL: Starting with Vim 7, the filetype of empty .tex files defaults to
" 'plaintex' instead of 'tex', which results in vim-latex not being loaded.
" The following changes the default filetype back to 'tex':
let g:tex_flavor='latex'
"EOF .gvimrc 在这里结束

#############################################
4. 建立~/.vim/ftplugin/tex.vim，内容为：

" this is mostly a matter of taste. but LaTeX looks good with just a bit
" of indentation.
set sw=2
" TIP: if you write your \label's as \label{fig:something}, then if you
" type in \ref{fig: and press you will automatically cycle through
" all the figure labels. Very useful!
set iskeyword+=:

######################################################

5.反向搜索设置(dvi->source)：
建立目录~/.vim/ftpplugin/tex，然后在~/.vim/ftplugin/tex/texrc 中找到如下代码【打开时可能要求选择适当的编码】：（如果没有这个文件，把~/.vim/ftplugin/latex-suite/texrc copy 过来）

" the option below specifies an editor for the dvi viewer while starting
" up the dvi viewer according to Dimitri Antoniou's tip on vim.sf.net (tip
" #225)
TexLet g:Tex_UseEditorSettingInDVIViewer = 0

把值设为1。如下：
TexLet g:Tex_UseEditorSettingInDVIViewer = 1

同时把dvi 编译选项设为

TexLet g:Tex_CompileRule_dvi = 'latex -src-specials -interaction=nonstopmode $*'

然后找到
    if executable('xdg-open')
        TexLet g:Tex_ViewRule_ps =
把紧接着的三行改为：
    if executable('xdg-open')
        TexLet g:Tex_ViewRule_ps = 'okular -unique'
        TexLet g:Tex_ViewRule_pdf = 'okular -unique'
        TexLet g:Tex_ViewRule_dvi = 'okular -unique'

再打开Okuar，把Editor设置为
gvim -c ":RemoteOpen +%l %f"

以后使用Shift+鼠标左键就可以实现inverse search了。

注意：到目前为止，还没有办法实现pdf和source之间的正反向搜索。不过编辑器Texworks可以实现。

6. 安装帮助文档
启动gvim，然后在标准模式输入
:helptags ~/.vim/doc

7. 以后你可以使用:help latex-suite.txt获得帮助

现在你就可以使用gvim file.tex进行编辑了

8. 为gvim添加启动项
   其中Launcher Properties如下：
   Type  Application
   Name  GVIM
   Command    /usr/bin/gvim
   Comment    GVIM 4 LaTeX
   icon        /usr/share/pixmaps/vim.svg

9. 实现标签页功能
实际应用中，可使用 Shell 提供的别名功能，对 “gvim --remote-tab-silent” 这样的长命令行进行友好简化，做法是编辑 $HOME/.bashrc 文件，向其中添加：
#给gvim别名实现自动打开标签页
alias gvim='gvim --remote-tab-silent'

然后修改/usr/share/applications/gvim.desktop中的
#Exec=gvim -f %F
Exec=gvim

10. 添加Launcher bar
按照前面提到的方法添加/usr/share/applications/gvim.desktop就可以了