http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20543672-id-3562177.html
最近想通过公司的RHCE考试，所以安装了一个RHEL6来练习，一开始我安装的是Base，所以一进去是就是命令行的。
但是RHCE的教程一开始有介绍图形界面下的一些使用，为了补缺补漏，还是想安装一下图形界面玩玩的。所以我网上找了下资料，具体的操作如下：
一、配置本地源
1.挂载镜像文件
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo mkdir /media/RHEL
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo mount -o loop
> /media/RHEL
（可选）开机自动挂载镜像文件
在/etc/fstab的最下面添加下面一句
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo vi /etc/fstab
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2.创建repo文件
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local_RHEL_DVD.repo
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[Server]
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name=Server
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baseurl=file:///media/RHEL/Server
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enabled=1
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gpgcheck=0
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[HighAvailability]
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name=HighAvailability
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baseurl=file:///media/RHEL/HighAvailability
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enabled=1
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gpgcheck=0
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[LoadBalancer]
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name=LoadBalancer
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baseurl=file:///media/RHEL/LoadBalancer
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enabled=1
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gpgcheck=0
二、安装桌面软件包组
1.查看软件包组
顺便看看刚才挂载上的源是否可用。
2.安装软件组
从上面的信息中你可以看到许多的软件组信息，自己挑一个需要的桌面软件组安装就好了，我先装Desktop
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo yum groupinstall "Desktop"
3.测试：启动图形界面
在完成了软件的安装之后，你就可以尝试进入X 桌面了：
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ startx
但是极有可能你无法进入图形界面，原因非常简单，你还没有安装相应的X 用户层驱动，不同的硬件有不同的驱动，所以这个不是由软件依赖来解决的。
对于我用于练习的ThinkPad SL400来说，我得到了如下错误：
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[ 278.139] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
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[ 278.140] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nouveau
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[ 278.140] (II) UnloadModule: "nouveau"
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[ 278.140] (II) Unloading nouveau
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[ 278.140] (EE) Failed to load module "nouveau" (module does not exist, 0)
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[ 278.140] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
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[ 278.140] (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
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[ 278.140] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
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[ 278.140] compiled for 1.10.2, module version = 2.3.0
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[ 278.140] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
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[ 278.140] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 10.0
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[ 278.140] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
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[ 278.140] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module fbdev
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[ 278.140] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
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[ 278.140] (II) Unloading fbdev
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[ 278.140] (EE) Failed to load module "fbdev" (module does not exist, 0)
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[ 278.140] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
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[ 278.140] (--) using VT number 1
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[ 278.145] (EE) The PCI device has a kernel module claiming it,
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[ 278.146] (EE) this driver cannot operate until it has been unloaded.
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[ 278.146] (EE) Try appending "nomodeset" to your boot options
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[ 278.146] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa
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[ 278.146] (EE) No devices detected.
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[ 278.146]
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Fatal server error:
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[ 278.146] no screens found
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[ 278.146]
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Please consult the Red Hat, Inc. support
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at
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for help.
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[ 278.146] Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
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[ 278.147]
所以我就通过 yum list 命令找到了相应的驱动包，然后安装。
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo yum list *nouveau*
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Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
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Updating certificate-based repositories.
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Unable to read consumer identity
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Available Packages
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xorg-x11-drv-nouveau.x86_64 1:0.0.16-13.20110719gitde9d1ba.el6 Server
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo yum install xorg-x11-drv-nouveau
安装好了之后，再“startx”,图形界面就出来了。
其实你还可以再log中找到其他缺少的模块，同样的通过 yum list 命令找到了相应的驱动包，然后安装就是了。
3.更改启动模式 :进入桌面还是命令界面
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[tekkamanninja@Tekkaman-RHEL ~]$ sudo vim /etc/inittab
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# System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcS.conf
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#
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# Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf
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#
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# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf
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#
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# Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf,
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# with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init.
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#
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# For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how
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# upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8).
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#
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# Default runlevel. The runlevels used are:
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# 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
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# 1 - Single user mode
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# 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
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# 3 - Full multiuser mode
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# 4 - unused
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# 5 - X11
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# 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
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#
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id:5:initdefault:
注释说的在清楚不过了，3为多用户界面（命令行） 5为X window图形界面
参考资料：
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