不一致的$*和$@行为

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  1 #!/bin/bash
  2 
  3 #  "$*"和"$@"的古怪行为,
  4 #+ 依赖于它们是否被""引用.
  5 #  单词拆分和换行的不一致处理.
  6 
  7 

    8 set -- "First one" "second" "third:one" "" "Fifth: :one"
  9 # 设置这个脚本参数,$1,$2,等等.
 10 
 11 echo
 12 
  13 echo 'IFS unchanged, using "$*"'
 14 c=0
 15 for i in "$*"               # 引用
 16 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"   # 这行在下边的每个例子中都一样.
 17                             # Echo参数.
 18 done
  19 echo ---
 20 
  21 echo 'IFS unchanged, using $*'
 22 c=0
 23 for i in $*                 # 未引用
  24 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 25 done
  26 echo ---
 27 
  28 echo 'IFS unchanged, using "
 29 c=0
  30 for i in "$@"
  31 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 32 done
  33 echo ---
 34 
  35 echo 'IFS unchanged, using
 36 c=0

  37 for i in $@
  38 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 39 done
  40 echo ---
 41 
 42 IFS=:
  43 echo 'IFS=":", using "$*"'
 44 c=0
  45 for i in "$*"
  46 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 47 done
  48 echo ---
 49 
  50 echo 'IFS=":", using $*'
 51 c=0

  52 for i in $*
  53 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 54 done
  55 echo ---
 56 
 57 var=$*
  58 echo 'IFS=":", using "$var" (var=$*)'
 59 c=0
  60 for i in "$var"
  61 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 62 done
  63 echo ---
 64 
  65 echo 'IFS=":", using $var (var=$*)'
 66 c=0
  67 for i in $var
  68 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 69 done
  70 echo ---
 71 
 72 var="$*"
  73 echo 'IFS=":", using $var (var="$*")'
 74 c=0
  75 for i in $var
  76 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 77 done
  78 echo ---

 79 
  80 echo 'IFS=":", using "$var" (var="$*")'
 81 c=0
  82 for i in "$var"
  83 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 84 done
  85 echo ---
 86 
  87 echo 'IFS=":", using "
 88 c=0
  89 for i in "$@"
  90 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 91 done
  92 echo ---
 93 
  94 echo 'IFS=":", using
 95 c=0

 96 for i in $@
  97 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
 98 done
  99 echo ---
100 
101 var=$@
102 echo 'IFS=":", using $var (
103 c=0
104 for i in $var
105 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
106 done
107 echo ---
108 
109 echo 'IFS=":", using "$var" (
110 c=0
111 for i in "$var"
112 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
113 done
114 echo ---
115 
116 var="$@"
117 echo 'IFS=":", using "$var" (var="
118 c=0
119 for i in "$var"
120 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
121 done
122 echo ---
123 
124 echo 'IFS=":", using $var (var="
125 c=0
126 for i in $var
127 do echo "$((c+=1)): [$i]"
128 done
129 
130 echo
131 
132 # 用 ksh 或者 zsh -y 来试试这个脚本.
133 
134 exit 0
135 
136 # This example script by Stephane Chazelas,
137 # and slightly modified by the document author.
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