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Linux的API的错误返回值的意义

分类： LINUX

2011-02-09 10:24:27

    开发过*nix程序的人都知道当一个系统调用返回错误时，需要查看头文件
errno.h中的errno。但是，errno只给出一个数字。这个数字很难直接看到API
错误的直接原因。

    所以就有了一下的程序：在Ubuntu上编译通过
  1. #include <errno.h>
  2. #include <stdio.h>
  3. #include <string.h>

  5. #define show_erro(name) show(#name,name)

  7. int show(char *,int);

  9. int main(int argc,char* argv[])
  10. {
  11.     int err = 0;

  13.     if(argc <= 1){
  14.         printf("usage: %s error value\n"
  15.                "eg: %s 1\n",argv[0],argv[0]);
  16.         return -1;
  17.     }
  18.     err = atoi(argv[1]);
  19.     switch(err){
  20.         case EPERM:/* 1 Operation not permitted */
  21.             show_erro(EPERM);
  22.             break;
  23.         case ENOENT:/* 2 No such file or directory */
  24.             show_erro(ENOENT);
  25.             break;
  26.         case ESRCH:/* 3 No such process */
  27.             show_erro(ESRCH);
  28.             break;
  29.         case EINTR:/* 4 Interrupted system call */
  30.             show_erro(EINTR);
  31.             break;
  32.         case EIO:/* 5 I/O error */
  33.             show_erro(EIO);
  34.             break;
  35.         case ENXIO:/* 6 No such device or address */
  36.             show_erro(ENXIO);
  37.             break;
  38.         case E2BIG:/* 7 Argument list too long */
  39.             show_erro(E2BIG);
  40.             break;
  41.         case ENOEXEC:/* 8 Exec format error */
  42.             show_erro(ENOEXEC);
  43.             break;
  44.         case EBADF:/* 9 Bad file number */
  45.             show_erro(EBADF);
  46.             break;
  47.         case ECHILD:/*10 No child processes */
  48.             show_erro(ECHILD);
  49.             break;
  50.         case EAGAIN:/*11 Try again */
  51.             show_erro(EAGAIN);
  52.             break;
  53.         case ENOMEM:/*12 Out of memory */
  54.             show_erro(ENOMEM);
  55.             break;
  56.         case EACCES:/*13 Permission denied */
  57.             show_erro(EACCES);
  58.             break;
  59.         case EFAULT:/*14 Bad address */
  60.             show_erro(EFAULT);
  61.             break;
  62.         case ENOTBLK:/*15 Block device required */
  63.             show_erro(ENOTBLK);
  64.             break;
  65.         case EBUSY:/*16 Device or resource busy */
  66.             show_erro(EBUSY);
  67.             break;
  68.         case EEXIST:/*17 File exists */
  69.             show_erro(EEXIST);
  70.             break;
  71.         case EXDEV:/*18 Cross-device link */
  72.             show_erro(EXDEV);
  73.             break;
  74.         case ENODEV:/*19 No such device */
  75.             show_erro(ENODEV);
  76.             break;
  77.         case ENOTDIR:/*20 Not a directory */
  78.             show_erro(ENOTDIR);
  79.             break;
  80.         case EISDIR:/*21 Is a directory */
  81.             show_erro(EISDIR);
  82.             break;
  83.         case EINVAL:/*22 Invalid argument */
  84.             show_erro(EINVAL);
  85.             break;
  86.         case ENFILE:/*23 File table overflow */
  87.             show_erro(ENFILE);
  88.             break;
  89.         case EMFILE:/*24 Too many open files */
  90.             show_erro(EMFILE);
  91.             break;
  92.         case ENOTTY:/*25 Not a typewriter */
  93.             show_erro(ENOTTY);
  94.             break;
  95.         case ETXTBSY:/*26 Text file busy */
  96.             show_erro(ETXTBSY);
  97.             break;
  98.         case EFBIG:/*27 File too large */
  99.             show_erro(EFBIG);
  100.             break;
  101.         case ENOSPC:/*28 No space left on device */
  102.             show_erro(ENOSPC);
  103.             break;
  104.         case ESPIPE:/*29 Illegal seek */
  105.             show_erro(ESPIPE);
  106.             break;
  107.         case EROFS:/*30 Read-only file system */
  108.             show_erro(EROFS);
  109.             break;
  110.         case EMLINK:/*31 Too many links */
  111.             show_erro(EMLINK);
  112.             break;
  113.         case EPIPE:/*32 Broken pipe */
  114.             show_erro(EPIPE);
  115.             break;
  116.         case EDOM:/*33 Math argument out of domain of func */
  117.             show_erro(EDOM);
  118.             break;
  119.         case ERANGE:/*34 Math result not representable */
  120.             show_erro(ERANGE);
  121.             break;
  122.         case EDEADLK:/*35 Resource deadlock would occur */
  123.             show_erro(EDEADLK);
  124.             break;
  125.         case ENAMETOOLONG:/*36 File name too long */
  126.             show_erro(ENAMETOOLONG);
  127.             break;
  128.         case ENOLCK:/*37 No record locks available */
  129.             show_erro(ENOLCK);
  130.             break;
  131.         case ENOSYS:/*38 Function not implemented */
  132.             show_erro(ENOSYS);
  133.             break;
  134.         case ENOTEMPTY:/*39 Directory not empty */
  135.             show_erro(ENOTEMPTY);
  136.             break;
  137.         case ELOOP:/*40 Too many symbolic links encountered */
  138.             show_erro(ELOOP);
  139.             break;
  140.         #ifndef EAGAIN
  141.             case EWOULDBLOCK:/*EAGAIN Operation would block */
  142.                 show_erro(EWOULDBLOCK);
  143.                 break;
  144.         #endif
  145.         case ENOMSG:/*42 No message of desired type */
  146.             show_erro(ENOMSG);
  147.             break;
  148.         case EIDRM:/*43 Identifier removed */
  149.             show_erro(EIDRM);
  150.             break;
  151.         case ECHRNG:/*44 Channel number out of range */
  152.             show_erro(ECHRNG);
  153.             break;
  154.         case EL2NSYNC:/*45 Level 2 not synchronized */
  155.             show_erro(EL2NSYNC);
  156.             break;
  157.         case EL3HLT:/*46 Level 3 halted */
  158.             show_erro(EL3HLT);
  159.             break;
  160.         case EL3RST:/*47 Level 3 reset */
  161.             show_erro(EL3RST);
  162.             break;
  163.         case ELNRNG:/*48 Link number out of range */
  164.             show_erro(ELNRNG);
  165.             break;
  166.         case EUNATCH:/*49 Protocol driver not attached */
  167.             show_erro(EUNATCH);
  168.             break;
  169.         case ENOCSI:/*50 No CSI structure available */
  170.             show_erro(ENOCSI);
  171.             break;
  172.         case EL2HLT:/*51 Level 2 halted */
  173.             show_erro(EL2HLT);
  174.             break;
  175.         case EBADE:/*52 Invalid exchange */
  176.             show_erro(EBADE);
  177.             break;
  178.         case EBADR:/*53 Invalid request descriptor */
  179.             show_erro(EBADR);
  180.             break;
  181.         case EXFULL:/*54 Exchange full */
  182.             show_erro(EXFULL);
  183.             break;
  184.         case ENOANO:/*55 No anode */
  185.             show_erro(ENOANO);
  186.             break;
  187.         case EBADRQC:/*56 Invalid request code */
  188.             show_erro(EBADRQC);
  189.             break;
  190.         case EBADSLT:/*57 Invalid slot */
  191.             show_erro(EBADSLT);
  192.             break;
  193.         #ifndef EDEADLK
  194.             case EDEADLOCK:/*EDEADLK*/
  195.                 show_erro(EDEADLOCK);
  196.                 break;
  197.         #endif
  198.         case EBFONT:/*59 Bad font file format */
  199.             show_erro(EBFONT);
  200.             break;
  201.         case ENOSTR:/*60 Device not a stream */
  202.             show_erro(ENOSTR);
  203.             break;
  204.         case ENODATA:/*61 No data available */
  205.             show_erro(ENODATA);
  206.             break;
  207.         case ETIME:/*62 Timer expired */
  208.             show_erro(ETIME);
  209.             break;
  210.         case ENOSR:/*63 Out of streams resources */
  211.             show_erro(ENOSR);
  212.             break;
  213.         case ENONET:/*64 Machine is not on the network */
  214.             show_erro(ENONET);
  215.             break;
  216.         case ENOPKG:/*65 Package not installed */
  217.             show_erro(ENOPKG);
  218.             break;
  219.         case EREMOTE:/*66 Object is remote */
  220.             show_erro(EREMOTE);
  221.             break;
  222.         case ENOLINK:/*67 Link has been severed */
  223.             show_erro(ENOLINK);
  224.             break;
  225.         case EADV:/*68 Advertise error */
  226.             show_erro(EADV);
  227.             break;
  228.         case ESRMNT:/*69 Srmount error */
  229.             show_erro(ESRMNT);
  230.             break;
  231.         case ECOMM:/*70 Communication error on send */
  232.             show_erro(ECOMM);
  233.             break;
  234.         case EPROTO:/*71 Protocol error */
  235.             show_erro(EPROTO);
  236.             break;
  237.         case EMULTIHOP:/*72 Multihop attempted */
  238.             show_erro(EMULTIHOP);
  239.             break;
  240.         case EDOTDOT:/*73 RFS specific error */
  241.             show_erro(EDOTDOT);
  242.             break;
  243.         case EBADMSG:/*74 Not a data message */
  244.             show_erro(EBADMSG);
  245.             break;
  246.         case EOVERFLOW:/*75 Value too large for defined data type */
  247.             show_erro(EOVERFLOW);
  248.             break;
  249.         case ENOTUNIQ:/*76 Name not unique on network */
  250.             show_erro(ENOTUNIQ);
  251.             break;
  252.         case EBADFD:/*77 File descriptor in bad state */
  253.             show_erro(EBADFD);
  254.             break;
  255.         case EREMCHG:/*78 Remote address changed */
  256.             show_erro(EREMCHG);
  257.             break;
  258.         case ELIBACC:/*79 Can not access a needed shared library */
  259.             show_erro(ELIBACC);
  260.             break;
  261.         case ELIBBAD:/*80 Accessing a corrupted shared library */
  262.             show_erro(ELIBBAD);
  263.             break;
  264.         case ELIBSCN:/*81 .lib section in a.out corrupted */
  265.             show_erro(ELIBSCN);
  266.             break;
  267.         case ELIBMAX:/*82 Attempting to link in too many shared libraries */
  268.             show_erro(ELIBMAX);
  269.             break;
  270.         case ELIBEXEC:/*83 Cannot exec a shared library directly */
  271.             show_erro(ELIBEXEC);
  272.             break;
  273.         case EILSEQ:/*84 Illegal byte sequence */
  274.             show_erro(EILSEQ);
  275.             break;
  276.         case ERESTART:/*85 Interrupted system call should be restarted */
  277.             show_erro(ERESTART);
  278.             break;
  279.         case ESTRPIPE:/*86 Streams pipe error */
  280.             show_erro(ESTRPIPE);
  281.             break;
  282.         case EUSERS:/*87 Too many users */
  283.             show_erro(EUSERS);
  284.             break;
  285.         case ENOTSOCK:/*88 Socket operation on non-socket */
  286.             show_erro(ENOTSOCK);
  287.             break;
  288.         case EDESTADDRREQ:/*89 Destination address required */
  289.             show_erro(EDESTADDRREQ);
  290.             break;
  291.         case EMSGSIZE:/*90 Message too long */
  292.             show_erro(EMSGSIZE);
  293.             break;
  294.         case EPROTOTYPE:/*91 Protocol wrong type for socket */
  295.             show_erro(EPROTOTYPE);
  296.             break;
  297.         case ENOPROTOOPT:/*92 Protocol not available */
  298.             show_erro(ENOPROTOOPT);
  299.             break;
  300.         case EPROTONOSUPPORT:/*93 Protocol not supported */
  301.             show_erro(EPROTONOSUPPORT);
  302.             break;
  303.         case ESOCKTNOSUPPORT:/*94 Socket type not supported */
  304.             show_erro(ESOCKTNOSUPPORT);
  305.             break;
  306.         case EOPNOTSUPP:/*95 Operation not supported on transport endpoint */
  307.             show_erro(EOPNOTSUPP);
  308.             break;
  309.         case EPFNOSUPPORT:/*96 Protocol family not supported */
  310.             show_erro(EPFNOSUPPORT);
  311.             break;
  312.         case EAFNOSUPPORT:/*97 Address family not supported by protocol */
  313.             show_erro(EAFNOSUPPORT);
  314.             break;
  315.         case EADDRINUSE:/*98 Address already in use */
  316.             show_erro(EADDRINUSE);
  317.             break;
  318.         case EADDRNOTAVAIL:/*99 Cannot assign requested address */
  319.             show_erro(EADDRNOTAVAIL);
  320.             break;
  321.         case ENETDOWN:/*100 Network is down */
  322.             show_erro(ENETDOWN);
  323.             break;
  324.         case ENETUNREACH:/*101 Network is unreachable */
  325.             show_erro(ENETUNREACH);
  326.             break;
  327.         case ENETRESET:/*102 Network dropped connection because of reset */
  328.             show_erro(ENETRESET);
  329.             break;
  330.         case ECONNABORTED:/*103 Software caused connection abort */
  331.             show_erro(ECONNABORTED);
  332.             break;
  333.         case ECONNRESET:/*104 Connection reset by peer */
  334.             show_erro(ECONNRESET);
  335.             break;
  336.         case ENOBUFS:/*105 No buffer space available */
  337.             show_erro(ENOBUFS);
  338.             break;
  339.         case EISCONN:/*106 Transport endpoint is already connected */
  340.             show_erro(EISCONN);
  341.             break;
  342.         case ENOTCONN:/*107 Transport endpoint is not connected */
  343.             show_erro(ENOTCONN);
  344.             break;
  345.         case ESHUTDOWN:/*108 Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown */
  346.             show_erro(ESHUTDOWN);
  347.             break;
  348.         case ETOOMANYREFS:/*109 Too many references: cannot splice */
  349.             show_erro(ETOOMANYREFS);
  350.             break;
  351.         case ETIMEDOUT:/*110 Connection timed out */
  352.             show_erro(ETIMEDOUT);
  353.             break;
  354.         case ECONNREFUSED:/*111 Connection refused */
  355.             show_erro(ECONNREFUSED);
  356.             break;
  357.         case EHOSTDOWN:/*112 Host is down */
  358.             show_erro(EHOSTDOWN);
  359.             break;
  360.         case EHOSTUNREACH:/*113 No route to host */
  361.             show_erro(EHOSTUNREACH);
  362.             break;
  363.         case EALREADY:/*114 Operation already in progress */
  364.             show_erro(EALREADY);
  365.             break;
  366.         case EINPROGRESS:/*115 Operation now in progress */
  367.             show_erro(EINPROGRESS);
  368.             break;
  369.         case ESTALE:/*116 Stale NFS file handle */
  370.             show_erro(ESTALE);
  371.             break;
  372.         case EUCLEAN:/*117 Structure needs cleaning */
  373.             show_erro(EUCLEAN);
  374.             break;
  375.         case ENOTNAM:/*118 Not a XENIX named type file */
  376.             show_erro(ENOTNAM);
  377.             break;
  378.         case ENAVAIL:/*119 No XENIX semaphores available */
  379.             show_erro(ENAVAIL);
  380.             break;
  381.         case EISNAM:/*120 Is a named type file */
  382.             show_erro(EISNAM);
  383.             break;
  384.         case EREMOTEIO:/*121 Remote I/O error */
  385.             show_erro(EREMOTEIO);
  386.             break;
  387.         case EDQUOT:/*122 Quota exceeded */
  388.             show_erro(EDQUOT);
  389.             break;
  390.         
  391.         case ENOMEDIUM:/*123 No medium found */
  392.             show_erro(ENOMEDIUM);
  393.             break;
  394.         case EMEDIUMTYPE:/*124 Wrong medium type */
  395.            show_erro(EMEDIUMTYPE);
  396.            break;
  397.         case ECANCELED:/*125 Operation Canceled */
  398.             show_erro(ECANCELED);
  399.             break;
  400.         case ENOKEY:/*126 Required key not available */
  401.             show_erro(ENOKEY);
  402.             break;
  403.         case EKEYEXPIRED:/*127 Key has expired */
  404.             show_erro(EKEYEXPIRED);
  405.             break;
  406.         case EKEYREVOKED:/*128 Key has been revoked */
  407.             show_erro(EKEYREVOKED);
  408.             break;
  409.         case EKEYREJECTED:/*129 Key was rejected by service */
  410.             show_erro(EKEYREJECTED);
  411.             break;
  412.         
  413.         /* for robust mutexes */
  414.         case EOWNERDEAD:/*130 Owner died */
  415.             show_erro(EOWNERDEAD);
  416.             break;
  417.         case ENOTRECOVERABLE:/*131 State not recoverable */
  418.             show_erro(ENOTRECOVERABLE);
  419.             break;
  420.         
  421.         case ERFKILL:/*132 Operation not possible due to RF-kill */
  422.             show_erro(ERFKILL);
  423.             break;
  424.         default:
  425.             printf("value = %d message=%s\n",err,strerror(err));
  426.             break;
  427.     }
  428.     return 0;
  429. }

  431. int show(char *name,int value)
  432. {
  433.     if(name == NULL){
  434.         return -1;
  435.     }
  436.     printf("%s(%d) = %s\n",name,value,strerror(value));
  437.     return 0;
  438. }

    其中的函数strerror是将错误码转换为对错误码解释的函数。
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给主人留下些什么吧！~~

file32016-02-07 01:24:19

这个代码好无聊啊。

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