// Linux Device Driver Template/Skeleton with mmap
// Kernel Module
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,0)
#include
#endif
#define SKELETON_MAJOR 240
#define SKELETON_NAME "skeleton"
#define CASE1 1
#define CASE2 2
static unsigned int counter = 0;
static char string [128];
static int data;
//#define USEASCII
#ifdef USEASCII
static char *kmalloc_area = NULL;
static char *kmalloc_ptr = NULL;
#else
static unsigned int *kmalloc_area = NULL;
static unsigned int *kmalloc_ptr = NULL;
#endif
#define LEN (64*1024)
unsigned long virt_addr;
DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(skeleton_wait);
static int data_not_ready = 0;
// open function - called when the "file" /dev/skeleton is opened in userspace
static int skeleton_open (struct inode *inode, struct file *file) {
printk("skeleton_openn");
// we could do some checking on the flags supplied by "open"
// i.e. O_NONBLOCK
// -> set some flag to disable interruptible_sleep_on in skeleton_read
return 0;
}
// close function - called when the "file" /dev/skeleton is closed in userspace
static int skeleton_release (struct inode *inode, struct file *file) {
printk("skeleton_releasen");
return 0;
}
// read function called when from /dev/skeleton is read
static ssize_t skeleton_read (struct file *file, char *buf,
size_t count, loff_t *ppos) {
int len, err;
// check if we have data - if not, sleep
// wake up in interrupt_handler
while (data_not_ready) {
interruptible_sleep_on(&skeleton_wait);
}
//data_not_ready = 1;
if( counter <= 0 )
return 0;
err = copy_to_user(buf,string,counter);
if (err != 0)
return -EFAULT;
len = counter;
counter = 0;
return len;
}
// write function called when to /dev/skeleton is written
static ssize_t skeleton_write (struct file *file, const char *buf,
size_t count, loff_t *ppos) {
int err;
err = copy_from_user(string,buf,count);
if (err != 0)
return -EFAULT;
counter += count;
return count;
}
// ioctl - I/O control
static int skeleton_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg) {
int retval = 0;
switch ( cmd ) {
case CASE1:/* for writing data to arg */
if (copy_from_user(&data, (int *)arg, sizeof(int)))
return -EFAULT;
break;
case CASE2:/* for reading data from arg */
if (copy_to_user((int *)arg, &data, sizeof(int)))
return -EFAULT;
break;
default:
retval = -EINVAL;
}
return retval;
}
#ifndef VMALLOC_VMADDR
#define VMALLOC_VMADDR(x) ((unsigned long)(x))
#endif
// From:
volatile void *virt_to_kseg(volatile void *address) {
pgd_t *pgd; pmd_t *pmd; pte_t *ptep, pte;
unsigned long va, ret = 0UL;
va=VMALLOC_VMADDR((unsigned long)address);
/* get the page directory. Use the kernel memory map. */
pgd = pgd_offset_k(va);
/* check whether we found an entry */
if (!pgd_none(*pgd)) {
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,0)
/* get the page middle directory */
pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, va);
#else
// I'm not sure if we need this, or the line for 2.4
// above will work reliably too
// If you know, please email me :-)
pud_t *pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
#endif
/* check whether we found an entry */
if (!pmd_none(*pmd)) {
/* get a pointer to the page table entry */
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,0)
ptep = pte_offset(pmd, va);
#else
ptep = pte_offset_map(pmd, va);
#endif
pte = *ptep;
/* check for a valid page */
if (pte_present(pte)) {
/* get the address the page is refering to */
ret = (unsigned long)page_address(pte_page(pte));
/* add the offset within the page to the page address */
ret |= (va & (PAGE_SIZE -1));
}
}
}
return((volatile void *)ret);
}
static int skeleton_mmap(struct file * filp, struct vm_area_struct * vma) {
int ret;
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,0)
ret = remap_page_range(vma->vm_start,
virt_to_phys((void*)((unsigned long)kmalloc_area)),
vma->vm_end-vma->vm_start,
PAGE_SHARED);
// vma->vm_page_prot);
#else
ret = remap_pfn_range(vma,
vma->vm_start,
virt_to_phys((void*)((unsigned long)kmalloc_area)) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
vma->vm_end-vma->vm_start,
PAGE_SHARED);
// vma->vm_page_prot);
#endif
if(ret != 0) {
return -EAGAIN;
}
return 0;
}
// define which file operations are supported
struct file_operations skeleton_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.llseek = NULL,
.read = skeleton_read,
.write = skeleton_write,
.readdir = NULL,
.poll = NULL,
.ioctl = skeleton_ioctl,
.mmap = skeleton_mmap,
.open = skeleton_open,
.flush = NULL,
.release = skeleton_release,
.fsync = NULL,
.fasync = NULL,
.lock = NULL,
//.readv = NULL,
//.writev = NULL,
};
// initialize module
static int __init skeleton_init_module (void) {
int i;
#ifndef USEASCII
int tmp, tmp2;
#endif
printk("initializing modulen/n");
i = register_chrdev (SKELETON_MAJOR, SKELETON_NAME, &skeleton_fops);
if (i != 0) return - EIO;
// reserve memory with kmalloc - Allocating Memory in the Kernel
kmalloc_ptr = kmalloc(LEN + 2 * PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!kmalloc_ptr) {
printk("kmalloc failedn/n");
return 0;
}
#ifdef USEASCII
kmalloc_area = (char *)(((unsigned long)kmalloc_ptr + PAGE_SIZE -1) & PAGE_MASK);
#else
kmalloc_area = (unsigned int *)(((unsigned long)kmalloc_ptr + PAGE_SIZE -1) & PAGE_MASK);
#endif
for (virt_addr=(unsigned long)kmalloc_area; virt_addr < (unsigned long)kmalloc_area + LEN;
virt_addr+=PAGE_SIZE) {
// reserve all pages to make them remapable
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,0)
mem_map_reserve(virt_to_page(virt_addr));
#else
SetPageReserved(virt_to_page(virt_addr));
#endif
}
printk("kmalloc_area at 0x%p (phys 0x%lx)/n", kmalloc_area,
virt_to_phys((void *)virt_to_kseg(kmalloc_area)));
#ifdef USEASCII
// fill allocated memory with 0123456789 ascii
for( i = 48; i < 58; i++) {
kmalloc_ptr[i-48] = (char)i;
}
i = 0;
kmalloc_ptr[58-48] = (char)i;
#else
// fill allocated memory with integers
tmp = sizeof(int);
for( i = 0; i < (10 * tmp); i = i + tmp) {
kmalloc_ptr[i] = (unsigned int)i;
tmp2 = (unsigned int)kmalloc_ptr[i];
printk("kmalloc_ptr[%d]=%d/n", i, tmp2);
}
#endif
return 0;
}
// close and cleanup module
static void __exit skeleton_cleanup_module (void) {
printk("cleaning up modulen");
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2,6,0)
for (virt_addr=(unsigned long)kmalloc_area; virt_addr < (unsigned long)kmalloc_area + LEN;
virt_addr+=PAGE_SIZE) {
// clear all pages
ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(virt_addr));
}
#endif
kfree(kmalloc_ptr);
unregister_chrdev (SKELETON_MAJOR, SKELETON_NAME);
}
module_init(skeleton_init_module);
module_exit(skeleton_cleanup_module);
MODULE_AUTHOR("");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Linux Device Driver Template with MMAP");
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－Makefile－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
obj-m:=skeleton.o
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－测试程序－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
// Linux Device Driver Template/Skeleton with mmap
// Userspace test program
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define CASE1 1
#define CASE2 2
#define BUFSIZE 64*1024
//extern void hello(void);
extern global;
//#define USEASCII
main() {
int i, fd, len, wlen, tmp, tmp2;
char string[] = "Skeleton Kernel Module Test";
char receive[128];
int data, rdata;
char * mptr;
size_t size = BUFSIZE;
#ifdef USEASCII
printf("USEASCII/n");
char buffer[BUFSIZE];
#else
printf("NO USEASCII/n");
unsigned int buffer[BUFSIZE];
#endif
printf("global=%d/n",global);
hello();
printf("global=%d/n",global);
fd = open("/dev/skeleton", O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
if( fd == -1) {
printf("open error.../n");
exit(0);
}
// test device write function
wlen = strlen(string) + 1;
len = write(fd, string, wlen);
if( len == -1 ) {
printf("write error.../n");
exit(1);
}
printf("String '%s' written to /dev/skeleton/n", string);
// test device read function
len = read(fd, receive, 128);
if( len == -1 ) {
printf("read error...n");
exit(1);
}
printf("String '%s' read from /dev/skeleton/n", receive);
// test mmap
mptr = mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_FILE | MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
if(mptr == MAP_FAILED) {
printf("mmap() failed/n");
exit(1);
}
// write something into the kernel device driver memory allocated by kmalloc
// memcpy(mptr, "Hello World!", 13);
// clear our local buffer
memset(buffer, 0, size);
// read from the kmalloc area in kernel space
memcpy(buffer, mptr, size-1);
#ifdef USEASCII
printf("mmap: '%s'/n", buffer);
#else
tmp = sizeof(int);
for( i = 0; i < (10 * tmp); i = i + tmp) {
tmp2 = (unsigned int)buffer[i];
printf("buffer[%d]=%d/n", i, tmp2);
}
#endif
// test ioctl
data = 0x55555555;
ioctl(fd, CASE1, &data);
ioctl(fd, CASE2, &rdata);
printf("IOCTL test: written: '%x' - received: '%x'/n", data, rdata);
munmap(mptr, size);
close(fd);
}
