分类： Oracle
2012-11-07 10:58:40
二、使用RMAN复制数据库
1、环境介绍：
主机1：
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操作系统 |
REDHAT5.5 |
IP地址 |
172.16.1.120 |
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主机名 |
sigle |
数据库版本 |
10.2.0.4 |
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数据库名 |
orcl |
DBID |
1305151947 |
|
catalog |
win_yjr |
catalog用户 |
sigle/sigle |
主机2：
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操作系统 |
REDHAT5.5 |
IP地址 |
172.16.1.121 |
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主机名 |
clone_sigle |
数据库版本 |
10.2.0.4 |
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本次试验的数据库系统文件存储采用raw方式，因此在进行复制前，为了确保恢复的有效性，已使用dd命令将clone_sigle上的raw设备原有数据信息全部清空一次。
源数据库SID：orcl
目标数据库SID：orclaux
2、本次复制试验目录：
试验在同平台，同版本之间的数据快速迁移复制的另一种途径，保证在复制后的数据库中有源数据库中的数据。
3、实际操作过程：
为了验证复制的完整性，在热备之前先创建一张验证表：sys.test_rman里面有一条数据。
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SQL> select * from test_rman;
T1 T2 ---------- -------------- 1 23-3月 -12
SQL> |
1）、启动源数据库到open状态
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SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期一 3月 26 23:29:16 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 486539264 bytes Fixed Size 1268196 bytes Variable Size 171968028 bytes Database Buffers 306184192 bytes Redo Buffers 7118848 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> |
2）、热备份源数据库
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RMAN> run { 2> configure controlfile autobackup on; 3> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION on; 4> backup as compressed backupset 5> format '/oracle/backup/backdb<%d_%s:%t:%p>.dbf' 6> database 7> include current controlfile; 8> # Archive log Backup 9> backup as compressed backupset 10> format '/oracle/backup/archive<%d_%s:%t:%p>.dbf' 11> archivelog all delete all input; 12> }
old RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; new RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
old RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON; new RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON; new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
Starting backup at 26-3月 -12 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=1628 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset input datafile fno=00001 name=/dev/raw/raw1 input datafile fno=00002 name=/dev/raw/raw3 input datafile fno=00003 name=/dev/raw/raw2 input datafile fno=00004 name=/dev/raw/raw4 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-3月 -12 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-3月 -12 piece handle=/oracle/backup/backdb channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset including current control file in backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-3月 -12 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-3月 -12 piece handle=/oracle/backup/backdb channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02 Finished backup at 26-3月 -12
Starting backup at 26-3月 -12 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archive log backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set input archive log thread=1 sequence=41 recid=7 stamp=778981619 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-3月 -12 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-3月 -12 piece handle=/oracle/backup/archive channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02 channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archive log(s) archive log filename=/oracle/arch/1_41_777371211.dbf recid=7 stamp=778981619 Finished backup at 26-3月 -12
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 26-3月 -12 piece handle=/oracle/db10g/dbs/c-1305151947-20120326-02 comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 26-3月 -12
RMAN> |
3）、配置监听
为了确保复制数据库时，在数据库没有启动的情况下能正常连接数目标数据库，需要对监听进行配置，进行静态注册，可以在两端都进行配置，为了保证配置正确，推荐使用oracle net mamager进行配置。使用命令netmgr来启动OUI。在LISTENER中配置数据库服务，如下图：
配置完成后，重启监听。
4）、并配置密码文件及创建相应的参数目录
5）、创建启动pfile文件
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SQL> create pfile='/oracle/backup/initorclaux.ora' from spfile;
File created.
SQL> |
6）、修改pfile文件
将其中的db_name 修改为：db_name='orclaux'
其他参数使用和源数据一样的路径和配置，因此不做修改。
7）、启动目标数据到nomount状态
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[oracle@sigle backup]$ hostname [oracle@sigle backup]$ sq [uniread] Loaded history (132 lines) SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 3月 27 00:59:56 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount pfile='/oracle/backup/initorclaux.ora'; ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 486539264 bytes Fixed Size 1268196 bytes Variable Size 171968028 bytes Database Buffers 306184192 bytes Redo Buffers 7118848 bytes SQL> show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string db_name string orclaux db_unique_name string orclaux global_names boolean FALSE instance_name string orclaux lock_name_space string log_file_name_convert string service_names string orclaux SQL> |
8）、连接源数据库及目标数据库
在源数据库端连接
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[oracle@sigle backup]$ hostname sigle [oracle@sigle backup]$ [oracle@sigle ~]$ rman target / [uniread] Loaded history (181 lines)
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 3月 27 01:04:58 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1305151947)
RMAN> CONNECT AUXILIARY sys/sysadmin@sigleaux
connected to auxiliary database: ORCLAUX (not mounted)
RMAN> |
9)、复制数据库
需要注意的是，如果目标数据库的数据文件位置与源数据库数据文件位置相同，在执行
DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO orclaux后要加nofilenamecheck参数，否则报错：
RMAN-05001: auxiliary filename/dev/raw/raw1 conflicts with a file used by the target database
如果目标数据库的数据文件位置与源数据库数据文件位置不同，则需要加上DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT参数来转换数据文件位置，例如：
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=('/h1/oracle/dbs/trgt/','/h2/oracle/oradata/newdb/')
注意，在命令执行过程中，目标数据库必须要保证没有连接，否则脚本执行到整个过程快结束，需要重启目标数据库时候挂住，直到现有连接全部退出。
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RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO orclaux nofilenamecheck;
Starting Duplicate Db at 27-3月 -12 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
contents of Memory Script: { set until scn 555341; set newname for datafile 1 to "/dev/raw/raw1"; set newname for datafile 2 to "/dev/raw/raw3"; set newname for datafile 3 to "/dev/raw/raw2"; set newname for datafile 4 to "/dev/raw/raw4"; restore check readonly clone database ; } executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 27-3月 -12 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set restoring datafile 00001 to /dev/raw/raw1 restoring datafile 00002 to /dev/raw/raw3 restoring datafile 00003 to /dev/raw/raw2 restoring datafile 00004 to /dev/raw/raw4 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/backup/backdb channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=/oracle/backup/backdb channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:35 Finished restore at 27-3月 -12 sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "ORCLAUX" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG MAXLOGFILES 16 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3 MAXDATAFILES 1024 MAXINSTANCES 8 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 LOGFILE GROUP 1 ( '/dev/raw/raw10', '/dev/raw/raw11' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE, GROUP 2 ( '/dev/raw/raw12', '/dev/raw/raw13' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE DATAFILE '/dev/raw/raw1' CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
contents of Memory Script: { switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script
released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=1 stamp=778987671 filename=/dev/raw/raw3 datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=2 stamp=778987671 filename=/dev/raw/raw2 datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=3 stamp=778987671 filename=/dev/raw/raw4
contents of Memory Script: { set until scn 555341; recover clone database delete archivelog ; } executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 27-3月 -12 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=1640 devtype=DISK
starting media recovery
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archive log restore to default destination channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archive log archive log thread=1 sequence=41 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/backup/archive channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=/oracle/backup/archive channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 archive log filename=/oracle/arch/1_41_777371211.dbf thread=1 sequence=41 channel clone_default: deleting archive log(s) archive log filename=/oracle/arch/1_41_777371211.dbf recid=1 stamp=778987673 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00 Finished recover at 27-3月 -12
contents of Memory Script: { shutdown clone; startup clone nomount ; } executing Memory Script --如果目标数据库还有会话，复制过程将在这里一直等待所有会话结束
database dismounted Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started) Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 486539264 bytes
Fixed Size 1268196 bytes Variable Size 138413596 bytes Database Buffers 339738624 bytes Redo Buffers 7118848 bytes sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "ORCLAUX" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG MAXLOGFILES 16 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3 MAXDATAFILES 1024 MAXINSTANCES 8 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 LOGFILE GROUP 1 ( '/dev/raw/raw10', '/dev/raw/raw11' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE, GROUP 2 ( '/dev/raw/raw12', '/dev/raw/raw13' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE DATAFILE '/dev/raw/raw1' CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
contents of Memory Script: { set newname for tempfile 1 to "/dev/raw/raw5"; switch clone tempfile all; catalog clone datafilecopy "/dev/raw/raw3"; catalog clone datafilecopy "/dev/raw/raw2"; catalog clone datafilecopy "/dev/raw/raw4"; switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed temporary file 1 to /dev/raw/raw5 in control file
cataloged datafile copy datafile copy filename=/dev/raw/raw3 recid=1 stamp=778987902
cataloged datafile copy datafile copy filename=/dev/raw/raw2 recid=2 stamp=778987902
cataloged datafile copy datafile copy filename=/dev/raw/raw4 recid=3 stamp=778987902
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=1 stamp=778987902 filename=/dev/raw/raw3 datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=2 stamp=778987902 filename=/dev/raw/raw2 datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=3 stamp=778987902 filename=/dev/raw/raw4
contents of Memory Script: { Alter clone database open resetlogs; } executing Memory Script
database opened Finished Duplicate Db at 27-3月 -12
RMAN> |
10）、验证数据库复制
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[oracle@clone_sigle /]$ hostname clone_sigle [oracle@clone_sigle /]$ sq [uniread] Loaded history (423 lines)
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 3月 27 01:36:32 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. SQL> show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string db_name string orclaux db_unique_name string orclaux global_names boolean FALSE instance_name string orclaux lock_name_space string log_file_name_convert string service_names string orclaux SQL> select * from test_rman;
T1 T2 ---------- -------------- 1 23-3月 -12
SQL> |
重启数据库后再进行一次验证
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SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 486539264 bytes Fixed Size 1268196 bytes Variable Size 138413596 bytes Database Buffers 339738624 bytes Redo Buffers 7118848 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string db_name string orclaux db_unique_name string orclaux global_names boolean FALSE instance_name string orclaux lock_name_space string log_file_name_convert string service_names string orclaux SQL> SQL> select * from test_rman;
T1 T2 ---------- -------------- 1 23-3月 -12
SQL> |
至此，使用RMAN来进行数据库复制的试验结束，试验达到了预期目标。
