mysql的安装详解

一、下载源码包：

 

  在各大网站都可以下载。

二、安装mysql

2.1建立mysql用户和组

Shell>groupadd mysql

     shell> useradd -g mysql mysq

 

2.2指定安装的路径

cd mysql-5.0.40/

liangyin@debian:~/mysql-5.0.40$

然后用./configure –-prefix=/usr/local/mysql

2.3编译在安装

最后make;make install

其实make;之后可以用: echo $? 返回上一步的情况，如果出现0.则说明上一步是正确的，否则说明上一步有错。

Echo $?可以用来验证每一个上一步的命令是否正确。

2.4移动mysql的配置文件

cp ./support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

ls -al /etc/my.cnf                              

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4912 2008-03-27 17:29 /etc/my.cnf

 

 

2.5修改权限

debian:/usr/local/mysql# chown -R mysql ./

debian:/usr/local/mysql# chgrp -R mysql ./           

debian:/usr/local/mysql# ls -al

total 2

drwxr-sr-x 11 mysql mysql  280 2008-03-27 23:51 .

drwxrwsr-x 16 root  staff  424 2008-03-27 23:30 ..

drwxr-sr-x  2 mysql mysql 1552 2008-03-27 23:51 bin

drwxr-sr-x  3 mysql mysql   72 2008-03-27 00:43 include

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   80 2008-03-27 23:51 info

drwxr-sr-x  3 mysql mysql   72 2008-03-27 00:43 lib

drwxr-sr-x  2 mysql mysql  104 2008-03-27 23:51 libexec

drwxr-sr-x  3 mysql mysql   72 2008-03-27 23:51 man

drwxr-sr-x  7 mysql mysql  456 2008-03-27 23:51 mysql-test

drwxr-sr-x  3 mysql mysql   72 2008-03-27 23:51 share

drwxr-sr-x  5 mysql mysql  888 2008-03-27 23:51 sql-bench

 

这样保证：/usr/local/mysql下的文件都属于用户root，所属的组为mysql。

但是有个要例外：就是文件/var。他是属于用户mysql的，所属的组也是。

 

2.5启动mysql数据库

/home/liangyin/mysql-5.0.40#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql 

 

Installing MySQL system tables...

OK

Filling help tables...

OK

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h debian password 'new-password'

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

 

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

 

2.6启动mysql服务

再次更改权限：/usr/local/mysql/目录下：

shell> chown -R root .

          shell> chown -R mysql var

这样做目的：

Most of the MySQL installation can be owned by `root' if you like.

     The exception is that the data directory must be owned by `mysql'.

     To accomplish this, run the following commands as `root' in the

     installation directory:

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

#在mysql的bin目录下以用户mysql启动他。

然后可以看到3306.

 

综上所述就是：

 

shell> groupadd mysql

     shell> useradd -g mysql mysql

     shell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -

     shell> cd mysql-VERSION

     shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql

     shell> make

     shell> make install

     shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

      #my.cnf这个是mysql的配置文件

     shell> cd /usr/local/mysql

     shell> chown -R mysql .

     shell> chgrp -R mysql .

      #先改/usr/local/mysql下面的文件的权限，让用户和组属于mysql。

     shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

     #以用户mysql的身份开启

     shell> chown -R root .

     shell> chown -R mysql var

     shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &