gnu命令行解析getopt_long

Linux系统下，需要大量的命令行选项，如果自己手动的话，好麻烦的，实际上GNU已经为我们提供了一个解析命令行的接口(X/Open规范)，好好使用它可以使你的程序改观不少。闲话不多说，附一份代码，剩下的自己运行测试吧。

 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <getopt.h>

/*********************************************************
 * struct option {
 *     const char *name;    //option name
 *     int    has_arg;      //describe option parameters
 *     int *flag;           //
 *     int val;             //
 * }
 * about has_arg:
 * no_argument          0
 * required_argument    1
 * optional_argument    2
 *********************************************************
 * about return value
 * 0:    return 0 if flag isn't NULL
 * 'x':  option character
 * '?':  invalid option
 * ':':  lack of option parameter
 * -1:   option parse over
 *********************************************************
 */

int g_help = 0;
int g_ver  = 0;

const char *soptions = "hvp:";
const struct option loptions1[] = {
    {"help",    no_argument,        NULL, 'h'},
    {"version", no_argument,        NULL, 'v'},
    {"path",    required_argument,  NULL, 'p'},
    {NULL,      0, NULL, 0}
};
const struct option loptions2[] = {
    {"help",    no_argument,        &g_help,    1},
    {"version", no_argument,        &g_ver,     1},
    {"path",    optional_argument,  NULL,     'p'},
    {NULL,      0, NULL, 0}
};


int parse1(int argc, char **argv)
{
char *path = NULL;
int ret = 0;

    while (-1 != (ret = getopt_long(argc, argv, soptions, loptions1, NULL))) {
        switch (ret) {
        case 'h':
            printf("param: help\n");
            break;
        case 'v':
            printf("param: version\n");
            break;
        case 'p':
            path = optarg;
            printf("param: path=%s\n", path);
            break;
        case ':':
            printf("param: lack long options\n");
            break;
        case '?':
            printf("param: unspecified param\n");
            break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


int parse2(int argc, char **argv)
{
char *path = NULL;
int ret = 0;

    while (-1 != (ret = getopt_long(argc, argv, soptions, loptions2, NULL))) {
        switch (ret) {
        case 0:
            printf("g_help = %d, g_ver = %d\n", g_help, g_ver);
            break;
        case 'p':
            path = optarg;
            printf("param: path=%s\n", path);
            break;
        case ':':
            printf("param: lack long options\n");
            break;
        case '?':
            printf("param: unspecified param\n");
            break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    parse1(argc, argv);
    parse2(argc, argv);

    return 0;
}