分类： LINUX
2009-03-23 11:22:08
id:runlevels:action:process
Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.
id is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which iden-
tifies an entry in inittab (for versions of
sysvinit compiled with libraries < 5.2.18 or a.out
libraries the limit is 2 characters).
Note: For gettys or other login processes, the id
field should be the tty suffix of the corresponding
tty, e.g. 1 for tty1. Otherwise, the login
accounting might not work correctly.
runlevels
lists the runlevels for which the specified action
should be taken.
action describes which action should be taken.
process
specifies the process to be executed. If the pro-
cess field starts with a `+' character, init will
not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that process.
This is needed for gettys that insist on doing
their own utmp/wtmp housekeeping. This is also a
historic bug.
bilbo@bilbo:~$ cat /etc/inittab
#
# inittab This file describes how the INIT process should set up
# the system in a certain run-level.
#
# Version: @(#)inittab 2.04 17/05/93 MvS
# 2.10 02/10/95 PV
# 3.00 02/06/1999 PV
# 4.00 04/10/2002 PV
#
# Author: Miquel van Smoorenburg, <>
# Modified by: Patrick J. Volkerding, <>
#
# These are the default runlevels in Slackware:
# 0 = halt
# 1 = single user mode
# 2 = unused (but configured the same as runlevel 3)
# 3 = multiuser mode (default Slackware runlevel)
# 4 = X11 with KDM/GDM/XDM (session managers)
# 5 = unused (but configured the same as runlevel 3)
# 6 = reboot
# Default runlevel. (Do not set to 0 or 6)
id:3:initdefault:
# System initialization (runs when system boots).
si:S:sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.S
# Script to run when going single user (runlevel 1).
su:1S:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.K
# Script to run when going multi user.
rc:2345:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.M
# What to do at the "Three Finger Salute".
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t5 -r now
# Runlevel 0 halts the system.
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.0
# Runlevel 6 reboots the system.
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.6
# What to do when power fails.
pf::powerfail:/sbin/genpowerfail start
# If power is back, cancel the running shutdown.
pg::powerokwait:/sbin/genpowerfail stop
# These are the standard console login getties in multiuser mode:
c1:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty1 linux
c2:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty2 linux
c3:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty3 linux
c4:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty4 linux
c5:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty5 linux
c6:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty6 linux
# Local serial lines:
#s1:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100
#s2:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100
# Dialup lines:
#d1:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -mt60 38400,19200,9600,2400,1200 ttyS0 vt100
#d2:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -mt60 38400,19200,9600,2400,1200 ttyS1 vt100
# Runlevel 4 used to be for an X window only system, until we discovered
# that it throws init into a loop that keeps your load avg at least 1 all
# the time. Thus, there is now one getty opened on tty6. Hopefully no one
# will notice. ;^)
# It might not be bad to have one text console anyway, in case something
# happens to X.
x1:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.4
# End of /etc/inittab
bilbo@bilbo:~$
# Author: Miquel van Smoorenburg, <>
# Modified by: Patrick J. Volkerding, <>
# These are the default runlevels in Slackware:
# 0 = halt
# 1 = single user mode
# 2 = unused (but configured the same as runlevel 3)
# 3 = multiuser mode (default Slackware runlevel)
# 4 = X11 with KDM/GDM/XDM (session managers)
# 5 = unused (but configured the same as runlevel 3)
# 6 = reboot
# Default runlevel. (Do not set to 0 or 6)
id:3:initdefault:
initdefault
An initdefault entry specifies the runlevel which should
be entered after system boot.
If none exists, init will ask for a runlevel on the console.
The process field is ignored.
# System initialization (runs when system boots).
si:S:sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.S
sysinit
The process will be executed during system boot.
It will be executed before any boot or bootwait
entries. The runlevels field is ignored.
# Script to run when going single user (runlevel 1).
su:1S:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.K
wait The process will be started once when the specified
runlevel is entered and init will wait for its
termination.
# Script to run when going multi user.
rc:2345:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.M
# What to do at the "Three Finger Salute".
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t5 -r now
ctrlaltdel
The process will be executed when init receives the SIGINT
signal. This means that someone on the system console has
pressed the CTRL-ALT-DEL key combination. Typically one wants
to execute some sort of shutdown either to get into
single-user level or to reboot the machine.
SHUTDOWN(8) Linux System Administrator's Manual SHUTDOWN(8)
NAME
shutdown - bring the system down
SYNOPSIS
/sbin/shutdown [-t sec] [-arkhncfF] time [warning-message]
DESCRIPTION
shutdown brings the system down in a secure way. All
logged-in users are notified that the system is going
down, and login(1) is blocked. It is possible to shut the
system down immediately or after a specified delay. All
processes are first notified that the system is going down
by the signal SIGTERM. This gives programs like vi(1) the
time to save the file being edited, mail and news process-
ing programs a chance to exit cleanly, etc. shutdown does
its job by signalling the init process, asking it to
change the runlevel. Runlevel 0 is used to halt the sys-
tem, runlevel 6 is used to reboot the system, and runlevel
1 is used to put to system into a state where administra-
tive tasks can be performed; this is the default if nei-
ther the -h or -r flag is given to shutdown. To see which
actions are taken on halt or reboot see the appropriate
entries for these runlevels in the file /etc/inittab.
# Runlevel 0 halts the system.
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.0
# Runlevel 6 reboots the system.
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.6
# What to do when power fails.
pf::powerfail:/sbin/genpowerfail start
# If power is back, cancel the running shutdown.
pg::powerokwait:/sbin/genpowerfail stop
powerwait
The process will be executed when the power goes
down. Init is usually informed about this by a pro-
cess talking to a UPS connected to the computer.
Init will wait for the process to finish before
continuing.
powerfail
As for powerwait, except that init does not wait
for the process's completion.
powerokwait
This process will be executed as soon as init is
informormed that the power has been restored.
# These are the standard console login getties in multiuser mode:
c1:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty1 linux
c2:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty2 linux
c3:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty3 linux
c4:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty4 linux
c5:1235:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty5 linux
c6:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty6 linux
respawn
The process will be restarted whenever it termi-
nates (e.g. getty).
AGETTY(8) AGETTY(8)
NAME
agetty - alternative Linux getty
SYNOPSIS
agetty [-ihLmnw] [-f issue_file] [-l login_program] [-I
init] [-t timeout] [-H login_host] port baud_rate,...
[term]
agetty [-ihLmnw] [-f issue_file] [-l login_program] [-I
init] [-t timeout] [-H login_host] baud_rate,... port
[term]
DESCRIPTION
agetty opens a tty port, prompts for a login name and
invokes the /bin/login command. It is normally invoked by
init(8).
LOGIN(1) LOGIN(1)
NAME
login - begin session on the system
SYNOPSIS
login [-p] [username] [ENV=VAR ...]
login [-p] [-h host] [-f username]
login [-p] -r host
DESCRIPTION
login is used to establish a new session with the system.
It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the
login: prompt on the user's terminal. login may be spe-
cial to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub-process.
Typically, login is treated by the shell as exec login
which causes the user to exit from the current shell.
Attempting to execute login from any shell but the login
shell will produce an error message.
bilbo@bilbo:~$ pstree
init-+-4*[agetty]
|-atd
|-bash
|-bash---startx---xinit-+-X
| `-xinitrc-+-bbmail
| `-blackbox-+-mozilla-bin---mozilla-bin---4+
| `-rxvt---bash---pstree
# Local serial lines:
#s1:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100
#s2:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100
# Dialup lines:
#d1:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -mt60 38400,19200,9600,2400,1200 ttyS0 vt100
#d2:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -mt60 38400,19200,9600,2400,1200 ttyS1 vt100
# Runlevel 4 used to be for an X window only system, until we discovered
# that it throws init into a loop that keeps your load avg at least 1 all
# the time. Thus, there is now one getty opened on tty6. Hopefully no one
# will notice. ;^)
# It might not be bad to have one text console anyway, in case something
# happens to X.
x1:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.4
bilbo@bilbo:~$ man kdm
No manual entry for kdm
bilbo@bilbo:~$
bilbo@bilbo:~$ man gdm
No manual entry for gdm
bilbo@bilbo:~$
XDM(1) XDM(1)
NAME
xdm - X Display Manager with support for XDMCP, host
chooser
SYNOPSIS
xdm [ -config configuration_file ] [ -nodaemon ] [ -debug
debug_level ] [ -error error_log_file ] [ -resources
resource_file ] [ -server server_entry ] [ -session ses-
sion_program ]
DESCRIPTION
Xdm manages a collection of X displays, which may be on
the local host or remote servers. The design of xdm was
guided by the needs of X terminals as well as The Open
Group standard XDMCP, the X Display Manager Control Proto-
col. Xdm provides services similar to those provided by
init, getty and login on character terminals: prompting
for login name and password, authenticating the user, and
running a ``session.''