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分类: LINUX

2009-03-23 10:49:20

linux&samba
 
samba服务器作用:windows与linux搭建沟通的桥梁;
建立samba服务器步骤:
1.samba服务器所需软件包:
[root@aiyanet named]# rpm -qa |grep samba
samba-common-3.0.28-0.el5.8
samba-client-3.0.28-0.el5.8
system-config-samba-1.2.39-1.el5
samba-3.0.28-0.el5.8                          (主程序包)
samba-swat-3.0.25b-0.el5.4.            (IE或火狐浏览)
 
2.samba服务器主配置文件配置:
1.指定共享目录及打印机、日志文件等;
2.指定共享目录的存放路径及日志文件所在路径、设置文件共享的权限及描述;
3.基本OK、呵呵;
4.建立用户;
 
1.指定共享目录及打印机、先瞧瞧配置文件吧!
 
:set nu      这个命令可以看到文件所在的行数;
246 #============================ Share Definitions =====================
    247
    248 [homes](共享名)
    249         comment = Home Directories(描述备注信息)
    250         browseable = no
    251         writable = yes
    252 ;       valid users = %S
    253 ;       valid users = MYDOMAIN\%S
    254
    255 [printers](共享打印机)
    256         comment = All Printers
    257         path = /var/spool/samba(绝对共享路径)
    258         browseable = no
    259         guest ok = no
    260         writable = no
    261         printable = yes
                   public = yes (NO)是否允许匿名访问
                   valid users = 用户名
                   valid users = @组名
                    readonly = yes         #只读
                    readonly = no            #读写
                    设置目录写入权限:
                    writable = yes             #读写        NO(只读)
                    write list = 用户名、@组名
    262
    263 # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
    264 ;       [netlogon]
    265 ;       comment = Network Logon Service
    266 ;       path = /var/lib/samba/netlogon(绝对共享路径)
    267 ;       guest ok = yes
    268 ;       writable = no
     88         # logs split per machine
     89 ;       log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log(设置samba服务器共享日志)
     90         # max 50KB per log file, then rotate
     91 ;       max log size = 50
                (默认samba服务器建立有两个日志文件nmbd.log、smbd.log)
2.设置服务器的权限及描述:
 
[root@aiyanet named]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf先瞧瞧配置文件吧!
:set nu      这个命令可以看到文件所在的行数;
     74         workgroup = WORKGROUP    (设置服务器所在组或域)
     75         server string =Linux Samba Server   (描述服务器)
     76
     77 ;       netbios name = MYSERVER
    101         security = user       (用户登录安全级别模式)、share(共享)、server、  domain(windows server 2003 服务器域的客户端)备注:user、share常用;
    102         passdb backend = tdbsam
3. 重启OK:[root@aiyanet ~]# service smb restart
4. 建立samba用户
[root@aiyanet ~]# useradd msn
[root@aiyanet ~]# passwd msn
Changing password for user msn.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is WAY too short
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@aiyanet ~]# smbpasswd -a msn
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user msn.
 
建立smbpasswd文件
[root@aiyanet ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
    101         security = user
    102         passdb backend = tdbsam(验证方式)前面家“;”注销掉
           添加smb passed file = /etc/samba/sampassd
     :wq!(保存推出);
[root@aiyanet samba]# ls
lmhosts  passdb.tdb  secrets.tdb  smb.conf  smbpasswd  smbusers
备注(现在已经生成smbpasswd文件)
 
a、现在可以啦!讲解一个小例题:(大家都可以访问);
让大家更容易理解;
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# mkdir /xiaofu
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
:$(命令)
[xiaofu]
        comment = xiaofu
        path = /xiaofu
        public = yes
(任何人都能够访问)
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# service smb reload
重新加载:不要重启,在现实生活中一般不重启;
测试:在windows XP 的运行中
就可以找到这个目录:OK你已经成功啦!呵呵。
 
b、建一个要用户名才可以访问的吧!
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# groupadd xiaoshou    (建立组)
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# useradd -g xiaoshou xiaoshou1
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# useradd -g xiaoshou xiaoshou2
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# passwd xiaoshou1
Changing password for user xiaoshou1.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# passwd xiaoshou2
Changing password for user xiaoshou2.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# smbpasswd -a xiaoshou1(添加samba用户)
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user xiaoshou1.
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# smbpasswd -a xiaoshou2
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user xiaoshou2.
 
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
    101         security = user(注意)
    102 ;       passdb backend = tdbsam
    103         smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
:$(注意)
[xiaoshou]
        comment = xiaoshou file
        path = /aiyanet/xiaoshou
        security = user
        valid users = @xiaoshou
[root@aiyanet samba]# /etc/init.d/smb reload (重新加载)
再试试:您又成功啦!hehe
 
解决samba server 的安全隐患:建立虚拟账号;
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
[root@aiyanet Desktop]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
     74         workgroup = workgroup
     75         server string = file Samba Server
     76         username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
[root@aiyanet ~]# vi /etc/samba/smbusers
# Unix_name = SMB_name1 SMB_name2 ...
root = administrator admin
nobody = guest pcguest smbguest
xiaoshou1 = msn qq
xiaoshou2 = nba sina     (这就是虚拟用户账号)

最后还有hosts deny = 禁止   hosts allow = 允许;(控制客户端)
hosts deny = .aiyanet   禁止这个域的客户端访问
hosts deny = .net xiaofu  禁止这个域的xiaofu这个用户访问
write list = xiaofu,@hehe 允许xiaofu这个帐号和hehe这个组的成员访问
browseable = no 表示隐藏共享名才能看到;
 
[root@aiyanet samba]# cp smb.conf smb.conf.xiaofu    为用户配置文件
     55 #======================= Global Settings =======================        
     56
     57 [global]
     58         config file = /etc/samba/smb.conf.%u  (添加这样一条规则)
在编辑这个文件smb.conf.xiaofu
 
linux客户端访问samba server 方法是:
smbclient命令格式:smbclient -L aiyanet(192.168.1.123)
算啦!差不多啦,这是常用的几种;
 
高级设置:打印机共享
[root@aiyanet ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
    221         load printers = yes
    222         cups options = raw
    223
    224 ;       printcap name = /etc/printcap
    225         #obtain list of printers automatically . SystemV
    226 ;       printcap name = lpstat
    227 ;       printing = cups
不用改默认设置就可以啦!呵呵
    255 [printers]
    256         comment = All Printers
    257         path = /var/spool/samba
    258         browseable = no
    259         guest ok = no
    260         writable = no
    261         printable = yes
默认就可以啦!默认samba server 就可以让客户端打印;
 
samba 企业一般实际配置:
samba服务器目录:
建立公司目录:/aiyanet    (一般以公司的名义命名)
技术部门:/aiyanet/jishu
销售部们:/aiyanet/xiaoshou
公司共享:/aiyanet/share    (全体员工都可以看到但不能改动)
公司人员管理
总经理:gm (General Manager)简称
销售部经理:sm    员工sm1、sm2、sm3
技术部门技术总监:td   员工td1、td2、td3
[root@aiyanet ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
描述服务器
     74         workgroup = aiyanetdomain
     75         server string = aiyanet Samba Server
建立smbpasswd文件
    101         security = user
    102 ;       passdb backend = tdbsam(关闭tdbsam验证)
    103         smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
建立组、以及建立用户我就不说啦!上面有过:
 
分别建立配置文件:
[root@aiyanet aiyanet]# cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/xiaoshou.smb..conf
[root@aiyanet aiyanet]# cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/jishu.smb..conf
[root@aiyanet aiyanet]# cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/gm.smb..conf
[root@aiyanet ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
        workgroup = aiyanetdomain
        server string = aiyanet Samba Server
        include = /etc/samba/%u.smb.conf
        include = /etc/samba/%g.smb.conf
:$ (技巧光标跳到文件的尾部)
 
分别添加:xiaoshou.smb.conf         jishu.smb.conf
不想写啦!呵呵
 
 
 

 


 
 

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