分类： Oracle
2010-04-15 09:14:01
1. 新增crontab中的任务
crontab -e
"/var/tmp/aaa002939" 7 lines, 496 characters
0 10 * * * /expdata/rpt/scripts/create_snapshot.sh>/dev/null 2>&1
"/var/tmp/aaa002939" 7 lines, 497 characters
warning: commands will be executed using /usr/bin/sh
2. 到10点中的时候，任务没有执行，手工执行多次，确认没有问题
3. 查看.sh和.sql的权限问题，确认也没有问题
4. 到crontab 是不会根据用户自动搜索环境变量的，man的信息如下：
Users who desire to have their .profile executed must explicitly do so
in the crontab entry or in a script. called by the entry.
5. 在.sh脚本中加入export 环境变量
原始脚本：
more /expdata/rpt/scripts/create_snapshot.sh
sqlplus @/expdata/rpt/scripts/create_snapshot.sql
more /expdata/rpt/scripts/create_snapshot.sql
exec dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot();
exit;
更新后脚本
vi create_snapshot.sh
"create_snapshot.sh" 1 line, 70 characters
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/db
export ORACLE_SID=bidb
export PATH=/usr/bin:/etc/:/usr/sbin:/usr/ucb:/usr/local/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:$PATH
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
sqlplus @/expdata/rpt/scripts/create_snapshot.sql
6. man crontab
man crontab
crontab(1) crontab(1)
NAME
crontab - user job file scheduler
SYNOPSIS
crontab [file]
crontab -e [username]
crontab -l [username]
crontab -r [username]
DESCRIPTION
The crontab command manages a crontab file for the user. You can use
a crontab file to schedule jobs that are executed automatically by
cron (see cron(1M)) on a regular basis. The command has four forms:
crontab [file] Create or replace your crontab file by
copying the specified file, or standard
input if file is omitted or - is specified
as file, into the crontab directory,
/var/spool/cron/crontabs. The name of
your crontab file in the crontab directory
is the same as your effective user name.
If the compartmentalization feature is
enabled, the crontab file is your
effective user name followed by a colon
(:), followed by the compartment id from
which the crontab file is created.
crontab -e [username] Edit a copy of the user's crontab file, or
create an empty file to edit if the
crontab file does not exist. When editing
is complete, the file will be copied into
the crontab directory as the user's
crontab file. If the compartmentalization
feature is enabled, it only edits a copy
of the user's crontab file from the
compartment that the crontab files were
created from.
crontab -l [username] Lists the user's crontab file. If the
compartmentalization feature is enabled,
it only lists the crontab files from the
compartment that the crontab files were
created from.
crontab -r [username] Remove the user's crontab file from the
crontab directory. If the
compartmentalization feature is enabled,
it only removes the crontab files from the
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crontab(1) crontab(1)
compartment that the crontab files were
created from.
Only a privileged user can use username following the -e, -l, or -r
options, to edit, list, or remove the crontab file of the specified
user.
The entries in a crontab file are lines of six fields each. The
fields are separated by spaces or tabs. The lines have the following
format:
minute hour monthday month weekday command
The first five are integer patterns that specify when the sixth field,
command, should be executed. They can have the following ranges of
values:
minute The minute of the hour, 0-59
hour The hour of the day, 0-23
monthday The day of the month, 1-31
month The month of the year, 1-12
weekday The day of the week, 0-6, 0=Sunday
Each pattern can be either an asterisk (*), meaning all legal values,
or a list of elements separated by commas. An element is either a
number in the ranges shown above, or two numbers in the range
separated by a hyphen (meaning an inclusive range). Note that the
specification of days can be made in two fields: monthday and weekday.
If both are specified in an entry, they are cumulative. For example,
0 0 1,15 * 1 command
runs command at midnight on the first and fifteenth of each month, as
well as every Monday. To specify days in only one field, set the
other field to asterisk (*). For example,
0 0 * * 1 command
runs command only on Mondays.
The sixth field, command (the balance of a line including blanks in a
crontab file), is a string that is executed by the shell at the
specified times. A percent character (%) in this field (unless
escaped by a backslash (\)) is translated to a newline character,
dividing the field into "lines". Only the first "line" (up to a % or
end-of-line) of the command field is executed by the shell. Any other
"lines" are made available to the command as standard input.
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crontab(1) crontab(1)
Blank lines and those whose first non-blank character is # will be
ignored.
cron invokes the command from the user's HOME directory with the POSIX
shell, (/usr/bin/sh). It runs in the c queue (see queuedefs(4)).
cron supplies a default environment for every shell, defining:
HOME=user's-home-directory
LOGNAME=user's-login-id
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:.
SHELL=/usr/bin/sh
Users who desire to have their .profile executed must explicitly do so
in the crontab entry or in a script. called by the entry.
You can execute crontab if your name appears in the file
/usr/lib/cron/cron.allow. If that file does not exist, you can use
crontab if your name does not appear in the file
/usr/lib/cron/cron.deny. If only cron.deny exists and is empty, all
users can use crontab. If neither file exists, only the root user can
use crontab. The allow/deny files consist of one user name per line.
Security Restrictions
If the compartmentalization feature is enabled, cron and crontab
invoke the jobs from the compartment that the jobs were created from.
Note that crontab creates the job files in /var/spool/cron/crontabs.
Hence, if the crontab command is invoked from a compartment which has
no write access to this directory and which disallows the COMMALLOWED
privilege, crontab fails to schedule the jobs. See compartments(5)
and privileges(5) for more information.
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
Environment Variables
LC_CTYPE determines the interpretation of text within file as single
and/or multibyte characters.
LC_MESSAGES determines the language in which messages are displayed.
If LC_CTYPE or LC_MESSAGES is not specified in the environment or is
set to the empty string, the value of LANG is used as a default for
each unspecified or empty variable. If LANG is not specified or is
set to the empty string, a default of "C" (see lang(5)) is used
instead of LANG.
If any internationalization variable contains an invalid setting,
crontab behaves as if all internationalization variables are set to
"C". See environ(5). EDITOR determines the editor to be invoked when
-e option is specified. The default editor is vi.
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crontab(1) crontab(1)
International Code Set Support
Single-byte and multibyte character code sets are supported.
WARNINGS
Be sure to redirect the standard output and standard error from
commands. If this is not done, any generated standard output or
standard error is mailed to the user.
FILES
/var/adm/cron Main cron directory
/var/adm/cron/cron.allow List of allowed users
/var/adm/cron/cron.deny List of denied users
/var/adm/cron/log Accounting information
/var/spool/cron/crontabs Directory containing the crontab files
SEE ALSO
sh(1), cron(1M), queuedefs(4), compartments(5), privileges(5).
STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
crontab: SVID2, SVID3, XPG2, XPG3, XPG4
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