分段记录的拆解与数据提取

文本数据／字符串的处理是Perl的强项

下面是一段 Oracle 的配置文件中的数据：

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:
# c:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.


PSDSS249 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.136.33.249)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = PSDSS)
    )
  )

PSDSS248 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.136.33.248)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = PSDSS)
    )
  )


FZJC =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.136.33.3)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = fzjc)
    )
  )


需要分析上述数据，提取 HOST/PORT/SERVICE_NAME 等信息，要求最后得到如下信息：

PSDSS249   10.136.33.249  1521  PSDSS
PSDSS248   10.136.33.248  1521  PSDSS
FZJC            10.136.33.3      1521  fzjc

#!/usr/bin/perl


use strict;

my (@data,@head);
my $stack_point = 0;

open(FILE, 'data.txt') or die $!;

$stack_point = -1;

while (<FILE>) {
    my @characters = split(//);

    for my $c (@characters) {

        # 忽略空格或换行, 便于后面匹配
        push(@data, $c) if ($c !~ /\s/);

        push(@head, $c) if ($stack_point == -1 and $c !~ /\s/);


        # 遇到左括弧 $stack_point 加 1，遇到右括弧则减 1
        if ($c eq '(') { $stack_point++ }
        elsif ($c eq ')') { $stack_point-- }

        # $stack_point 为 0, 且 @head 有数据，表示读完一个记录头
        if ($stack_point == 0 and @head) {
            my $header = join('',@head);
            $header =~ s/=.*$//;
            print "$header\t";
            @head = (); # 清空头

        }

         # $stack_point 计数为 -1 说明记录的数据读完
        if ($stack_point == -1) {

            my $line = join('',@data);

            # 匹配并提取指定信息
            if ($line =~ /HOST=(\S+)\)\(PORT=(\w+)\).*SERVICE_NAME=(\w+)\)/) {
                print "$1 $2 $3 $4\n";
            }
            @data = (); # 清空数据

        }
    }
}
close FILE;